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Abstract : Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun |
Pendekatan Pengajaran Berasaskan Projek (PBL) merupakan salah satu strategi pengajaran dan pembelajaran oleh guru untuk menggalakkan murid mengkaji secara mendalam tentang suatu topik, menghasilkan suatu produk, berdasarkan permasalahan dunia sebenar. Kandungan kurikulum PSV menggalakkan guru-guru PSV supaya melaksanakan transformasi dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran dengan menggabung jalin pendekatan, strategi pembelajaran serta kaedah pengajaran yang melibatkan disiplin-disiplin seperti Pendidikan STEM (STEAM). Walau bagaimanapun, wujud kebimbangan dalam kalangan guru-guru PSV yang melibatkan pelaksanaan pendekatan PBL STEAM, antaranya i) kesukaran menentukan strategi pengajaran ii) membangunkan kandungan pembelajaran iii) menilai menggunakan instrumen dan rubrik PBL iv) persepsi terhadap keberkesanan pendekatan terhadap murid. Oleh itu, satu penyelidikan kajian kes telah dilaksanakan dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran PSV di sebuah sekolah amanah untuk mengenal pasti keberkesanan pelaksanaan pendekatan PBL STEAM terhadap peningkatan kemahiran insaniah murid. Kajian kes ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis dokumen, temu bual dan pemerhatian yang melibatkan 10 responden temu bual yang terdiri dari pakar akademik PBL, guru-guru PSV dan murid-murid dari 3 buah kelas di lapangan kajian data. Hasil analisis triangulasi kajian menunjukkan terdapat keperluan melaksanakan pendekatan PBL STEAM yang berasaskan struktur koperatif Leaped (ROPE) dalam pelaksanaan pendekatan PBL STEAM yang terdiri dari tiga fasa utama; Fasa Persediaan, Pengujian dan Refleksi. Hasil analisis bertema daripada hasil temu bual juga menunjukkan terdapat tujuh tema berkaitan dengan keperluan perlaksanaan PBL; Pembelajaran, Pengajaran, Pengurusan, Subjek, Penyampaian, Penilaian dan Autentik. Analisis data pemerhatian dan analisis dokumen terhadap penilaian projek STEAM menunjukkan keberkesanan pendekatan dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran terhadap kemenjadian dan keberhasilan murid-murid PSV yang memberi kesan positif terhadap ekosistem sekolah amanah ini. Hasil perbincangan dan rumusan kajian menunjukkan pendekatan PBL STEAM berpotensi terhadap kemenjadian dan keberhasilan murid, menepati lima tunjang sekolah amanah dan aspirasi murid negara yang bermatlamat meningkatkan kemenjadian dan keberhasilan murid khususnya dalam aspek peningkatan kemahiran insaniah murid-murid Pendidikan Seni Visual. |
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