A flexible paper based strain sensors drawn by pencil for low-cost pressure sensing applications

Mohd Norzaidi Mat Nawi

QR Code Link :
Type :	Article
Subject :	Q Science (General)
ISBN :	2089-3191
Main Author :	Mohd Norzaidi Mat Nawi
Title :	A flexible paper based strain sensors drawn by pencil for low-cost pressure sensing applications
Hits :	79

Place of Production :	Tanjung Malim
Publisher :	Fakulti Sains & Matematik
Year of Publication :	2024
Notes :	Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
Corporate Name :	Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
HTTP Link :	Click to view web link
PDF Full Text :	You have no permission to view this item.

Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris

Paper-based strain sensors, offering a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution, are in demand for pressure sensing applications. Here, we present a simple sensor design comprising a piece of paper, a graphite pencil, and a copper plate. The proposed fabrication process is simple and eco-friendly. Beyond design and fabrication, our study explores the performance of paper-based sensors in effectively measuring and monitoring pressure changes induced by varying deflection angles. Our findings show that as the deflection angle increases, the sensor exhibits a proportional increase in the relative change in resistance. Furthermore, the practical applicability of the fabricated sensor is demonstrated through real-world testing on a human finger, considering different positions. In essence, our research positions paper-based strain sensors as a promising and practical choice for affordable, eco-friendly, and responsive pressure sensing. _ 2024, Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.

References

B. Zazoum, K. M. Batoo, and M. A. A. Khan, "Recent advances in flexible sensors and their applications," Sensors, vol. 22, no. 12, p. 4653, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.3390/s22124653.

T. P. Huynh and H. Haick, "Autonomous flexible sensors for health monitoring," Advanced Materials, vol. 30, no. 50, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.1002/adma.201802337.

A. Nag, S. C. Mukhopadhyay, and J. Kosel, "Wearable flexible sensors: A review," IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 17, no. 13, pp. 949-3960, 2017, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2017.2700078.

J. L. T. Ho, M. N. M. Nawi, and M. F. A. Rahman, "Analytical analysis of flexible microfluidic based pressure sensor based on triple-channel design," EMITTER International Journal of Engineering Technology, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 234-245, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.24003/emitter.v11i2.798.

H. S. Park, Y. Shin, S. W. Choi, and Y. Kim, "An integrative structural health monitoring system for the local/global responses of a large-scale irregular building under construction," Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 9085-9103, Jul. 2013, doi: 10.3390/s130709085.

P. R. Croft, G. J. Macfarlane, A. C. Papageorgiou, E. Thomas, and A. J. Silman, "Outcome of low back pain in general practice: A prospective study," British Medical Journal, vol. 316, no. 7141, pp. 1356-1359, 1998, doi: 10.1136/bmj.316.7141.1356.

X. W. Ye, Y. Q. Ni, K. Y. Wong, and J. M. Ko, "Statistical analysis of stress spectra for fatigue life assessment of steel bridges with structural health monitoring data," Engineering Structures, vol. 45, pp. 166-176, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.06.016.

M. A. Zawawi, S. O'Keeffe, and E. Lewis, "Plastic optical fibre sensor for spine bending monitoring with power fluctuation compensation," Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 14466-14483, Oct. 2013, doi: 10.3390/s131114466.

Z. Ma and X. Chen, "Fiber bragg gratings sensors for aircraft wing shape measurement: Recent applications and technical analysis," Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 19, no. 1, 2019, doi: 10.3390/s19010055.

C. S. Lynch, "Strain measurement," Mechanical Variables Measurement-Solid, Fluid, and Thermal, pp. 1-3, 2023.

Y. Huang, X. Fan, S. C. Chen, and N. Zhao, "Emerging technologies of flexible pressure sensors: Materials, modeling, devices, and manufacturing," Advanced Functional Materials, vol. 29, no. 12, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.1002/adfm.201808509.

G. Saggio, F. Riillo, L. Sbernini, and L. R. Quitadamo, "Resistive flex sensors: A survey," Smart Materials and Structures, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 2-31, 2015, doi: 10.1088/0964-1726/25/1/013001.

Z. Lou, L. Wang, and G. Shen, "Recent advances in smart wearable sensing systems," Advanced Materials Technologies, vol. 3, no. 12, 2018, doi: 10.1002/admt.201800444.

K. Xu, Y. Lu, and K. Takei, "Multifunctional skin-inspired flexible sensor systems for wearable electronics," Advanced Materials Technologies, vol. 4, no. 3, 2019, doi: 10.1002/admt.201800628.

J. L. Tanner, D. Mousadakos, P. Broutas, S. Chatzandroulis, Y. S. Raptis, and D. Tsoukalas, "Nanoparticle strain sensor," Procedia Engineering, vol. 25, pp. 635-638, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2011.12.158.

S. M. Khan, J. M. Nassar, and M. M. Hussain, "Paper as a substrate and an active material in paper electronics," ACS Applied Electronic Materials, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 30-52, 2021, doi: 10.1021/acsaelm.0c00484.

C. Zhang et al., "Batch fabrication of paper-based waterproof flexible pressure sensors enabled by roll-to-roll lamination," ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, vol. 15, no. 35, pp. 41950-41960, 2023, doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c09587.

H. Xiang et al., "Enabling a paper-based flexible sensor to work under water with exceptional long-term durability through biomimetic reassembling of nanomaterials from natural wood," ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, vol. 11, no. 23, pp. 8667-8674, 2023, doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c01870.

Y. Liu, H. Wang, W. Zhao, M. Zhang, and H. Qin, "Pencil-on-paper flexible electronics for daily sensing applications," Circuit World, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 189-195, 2019, doi: 10.1108/CW-05-2018-0037.

S. K. Mahadeva, K. Walus, and B. Stoeber, "Paper as a platform for sensing applications and other devices: A review," ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, vol. 7, no. 16, pp. 8345-8362, 2015, doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b00373.

A. S. Kurian, V. B. Mohan, H. Souri, J. Leng, and D. Bhattacharyya, "Multifunctional flexible and stretchable graphite-silicone rubber composites," Journal of Materials Research and Technology, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 15621-15630, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.11.021.

K. J. Rawson and E. C. Tupper, Basic ship theory volume 1, vol. 1. Butterworth-Heineman, 2001.

R. Munir, H. D. Rahmayanti, N. Amalia, F. D. Utami, S. Viridi, and M. Abdullah, "Investigation of mechanical properties for non-homogeneous by image tracking method," Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 44, pp. 3415-3419, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.1158.

C. Hagquist and M. Stenbeck, "Goodness of fit in regression analysis-R2 and G2 reconsidered," Quality and Quantity, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 229-245, 1998, doi: 10.1023/A:1004328601205.

P. Allison, "What's the best R-squared for logistic regression," Statistical Horizons, vol. 13, 2023.

C. W. Lin, Z. Zhao, J. Kim, and J. Huang, "Pencil drawn strain gauges and chemiresistors on paper," Scientific Reports, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 3812, 2014, doi: 10.1038/srep03812.

X. Liao et al., "Flexible and highly sensitive strain sensors fabricated by pencil drawn for wearable monitor," Advanced Functional Materials, vol. 25, no. 16, pp. 2395-2401, 2015, doi: 10.1002/adfm.201500094.

This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials.
You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research.

Back to search page