Acish, S., Yalcin, S. A., & Turgut, U. (2011). Effects of the 5E learning model  on  students" academic achievements in movement and force  issues. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 2459–2462.  doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.128 

 

Aliff Nawi, Gamal Abdul Nasir Zakaria, Norkhairiah Hashim & Chua, C. R.  (2015). Penilaian kualiti moduli PBL: aspek kesahan dan  kebolehpercayaan. Jurnal Pengukuran Kualiti dan Analisis, 11(2), 1- 10. 

 

Amir Mohd Nason & Mohd Shukri Hanapi. (2019). Penerapan Pendekatan  Pendidikan Berasaskan Qalbu Dalam Pembelajaran Abad Ke-21:  Cabaran dan Harapan. Journal  of Islamic Social Sciences and Humanities,  20 (1), 33-48. 

 

Aqmarollah Mohd Nasip & Ong, E, T. (2021). 5E Inquiry-Based Teaching  Module for Primary School Science Teachers: A Need Analysis.  Review of International Geographical Education (RIGEO), 11(4), 730- 737. doi: 10.33403/rigeo. 8006786 

 

Asoodeh, M. H., Asoodeh, M. B., & Zarepour, M. (2012). The Impact Of  Student- Centered Learning on Academic Achievement and Social  Skills. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 46, 560-564.  doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.05.160 

 

Atkin, J.M. & Karplus, R. (1962). Discovery or invention? The Science  Teacher, 29(5), 45-51.  

 

Awg Kasmurie Awg Kitota, Abdul Razak Ahmad & Ahmad Ali Seman.  (2010). The effectiveness of inquiry teaching in enhancing students"  critical thinking. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 7(C), 264- 273. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.10.037 

 

Azian Tengku Syed Abdullah (2015). STEM Education: Policies and  prospects towards achieving international standard and meeting  national development  needs. Keynote address given at International  Science, Technology,  Engineering and Mathematics High-Level  Policy Forum on Evicenced-Based  Science Education in Developing  Countries, 26-27 May 2015, Istana Hotel,  Kuala Lumpur. 

 

Azizi Yahaya, Peter Voo, Ismail Maakip & Mohd Dahlan A. Malek. (2018).  Kaedah Penyelidikan Dalam Pendidikan. Tanjong Malim : Penerbit  Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Azizi Yahaya, Shahrin Hashim, Jamaludin Ramli, Yusuf Boon & Abdul  Rahim  Hamdan. (2007). Penyelidikan Menguasai Dalam Pendidikan :  Teori Analisis dan Interpretasi data. Kuala Lumpur: PTS Profesional  Publishing. 

 

Bada & Steve, O. (2015). Constructivism learning theory: a paradigm for  teaching and learning. Journal of Research & Method in  Education,5(6), 66-70. 

 

Ballone, L. D., & Emilio, D. (2004). The 5E instructional model: A learning  cycle  approach for inquiry based Science teaching. The Science  Education review, 3 (2), 49-58. 

 

Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum [BPK]. (2012). Kurikulum Standard  Sekolah Rendah. Dunia Sains dan Teknologi Tahun Tiga. Putrajaya :  Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. 

 

Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum. (2014). Dokumen Standard Kurikulum  dan Pentaksiran-Sains Tahun Enam. Putrajaya: Kementerian Pelajaran  Malaysia. 

 

Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum. (2014b). Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi  : Aplikasi di Sekolah. Putrajaya : Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. 

 

Banchi, H., & Bell, R. (2008). The Many Levels of Inquiry. Science and  Children,  46(2), 26-29. Retrieved from  https://engage.intel.com/docs/DOC-30979 

 

Bantalem & Kassie. (2020). Effects of using inquiry-based learning on EFL  students" critical thinking skills. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second  and  Foreign Language Education, 5(9).  

 

Borg, W. R, Gall, J. P & Gall, M.D. (1993). Applying Educational Research:  A Practical Guide 3rd ed. New York: Longman. 

 

Burke, B. N. (2014). The ITEEA 6E Learning by Design Model. Technology  and Engineering Teacher, 73(6), 14-19. 

 

Bybee, R. W. (2009). The BSCS 5E instructional model and 21st century  skills. A commissioned paper prepared for a workshop on exploring  the intersection of science education and the development of 21st  century skills. Retrieved from  https://sites.nationalacademies.org/cs/groups/dbassesite/documents/we bpage/dbasse_073327.pdf 

 

Chan, Y. L., & Norlizah Che Hassan. (2017). Students" motivation towards  science learning and students" science achievement. International  Journal of  Academic Research in Progressive Education and  Development, 6(4), 174- 189. doi: 10.6007/IJARPED/v6-i4/3716 

 

Chin, K. G. (2004). Path analytical model of science process skills  acquisition among  form four students (Unpublished doctoral  dissertation). Universiti Malaya,  Kuala Lumpur. 

 

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: qualitative, quantitative and mixed  methods approaches. Research design Qualitative quantitative and  mixed method  approaches. doi: 10.1007/s13398-014-0173-7.2 

 

Comfort, K. S., Kofi, A. O., & Christian, A. K. (2018). Effectiveness of 3E,  5E and Conventional Approaches of Teaching on Students"  Achievement in High  School Biology. American Journal of  Educational Research, 6 (1), 76-82.  doi:10.12691/education-6-1-12. 

 

Dagar, V., & Yadav, A. (2016). Constructivisim : A paradigm for teaching and  learning. Arts Social Sci Journal, 7(4), 1-4. doi: 10.4172/2151- 6200.1000200 

 

Daniel, J. (2012). Sampling essentials: Practical guidelines for making  sampling choices. London: SAGE Publications Ltd 

 

Dayana Farzeeha Ali, Kamalularifin Subari & Muhammad Khair Noodin.  (2014). Penggunaan Kaedah Inkuiri Terbimbing Dalam Pengajaran dan  Pembelajaran  Bagi Mata Pelajaran Kemahiran Hidup Bersepadu.  

 

Demir, Y. & Emre, I. (2020). The effect of learning activities based on 5E  learning model on 4th grade Science teaching. Mersin University  Journal of the Faculty of Education, 16(3), 573-586. doi:  10.17860/mersinefd.750957 

 

Dogu, Ding & Meydan. (2007). Difficulties science teacher at the elementary  school  level experience in science instruction in Turkey. Humanity  and Social Science Journal, 2(2), 86-92. 

 

Eggen, P.D. & Kauchak, D. (2000). Strategies for Teachers: Teaching Content  and Thinking Skills. USA : Allyn & Bacon. 

 

Emaliana, I. (2017). Teacher-centered or student-centered learning approach  to promote learning? Jurnal Sosial Humaniora,10(2), 59–70.  Retrieved from  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321496091 teacher centered  or  student centered learning approach to promote learning 

   

Ergin, I., Kanli, U., & Unsal, Y. (2008).  “An Example for the Effect of 5E  Model on the Academic Success and Attitude Levels of Students:  Inclined Projectile Motion”. Turkish Science Education-TUSED,  5(3), 47-59. Retrieved from  http://www.tused.org 

 

Feng, J., & McComas, W. F. (2015). The effects of inquiry teaching on  student science achievement and attitudes : Evidence from Propensity  Score Analysis of PISA Data. International Journal of Science  Education, 1-23. doi:  10.1080/09500693.2014.1000426 

 

Francis, A., & Mabel, I. I. (2015). Effects of 7E Learning Cycle Model and  Case- Based Learning Strategy On Secondary School Students"  Learning Outcomes In Chemistry. Journal of the International  Society for Teacher Education, 19  (1), 7-17. 

 

Foo, J. Y. (2017). Pembinaan modul latihan I-think ungkapan algebra  tingkatan dua. Tesis Sarjana, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Ganesan, Balakrishnan, Khairi Ariffin, Baskaran & Manimaran. (2020).  Inquiry method in the teaching and learning process.  International  Journal of  Education,8(3), 6–9. 

 

Ghazali Darusalam & Sufean Hussin. (2016). Metodologi penyelidikan dalam  penyelidikan: Amalan dan analisis tindakan. Kuala Lumpur : Penerbit  Universiti Malaya. 

 

Guzel, H. (2017). The effect of electric current teaching based upon the 5E  model  on academic achievement and attitudes of students. Asia- Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching, 18(2), 1-21. 

   

Habibah Elias. (1991). Kesan latihan motivasi pencapaian ke atas pelajar  universiti. Tesis Doktor Falsafah, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 

 

Hake, R. R. (1999). Analyzing Change/Gain Scores. Hatteras Street,  Woodland Hills: Dept. of Physics, Indiana University. 

 

Hamdi Serin. (2018). A comparison of teacher-centered and student-centered  approaches in educational settings. International Journal of Social  Sciences &  Educational Studies, 5 (1), 164-167. doi:  10.23918/ijsses.v5i1p164 

 

Hamidah Mat. (2019). Pembinaan dan kesan modul KPS dengan soalan  kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi berasaskan didik hibur tahun lima.  Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Henige, K. (2011). Undergraduate student attitudes and perceptions toward  low and high-level inquiry exercise physiology teaching laboratory  experiences. Adv  Physiol Educ, 35, 197-205.  doi:10.1152/advan.00086.2010 

 

Harlen, W. (2013). Inquiry-based learning in science and mathematics. Review  of science, mathematics and ICT education, 7(2), 9-33. 

 

Jamaludin Ahmad. (2002). Kesahan, kebolehpercayaan dan keberkesanan  modul  program maju diri ke atas motivasi pencapaian di kalangan  pelajar-pelajar sekolah menengah negeri Selangor. Tesis  Doktor  Falsafah, Universiti Putra  Malaysia. 

 

Jones, M. J., & Araje, L., B. (2002). The impact of constructivism on  education-language, discourse, and meaning. American  Communication Journal, 5(3), 1- 10. Retrieved from http://ac- journal.org/journal/vol5/iss3/special/jones.pdf       

 

Kazempour, M., & Amirshokoohi, A. (2014). Transitioning to inquiry-based  teaching: Exploring science teachers" professional development  experiences.  International Journal of Environmental & Science  Education, 9, 285-309. 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2013). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan  Malaysia (2013- 2025). 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2015). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan  Malaysia 2013-2025. Putrajaya : Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum. 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2016). Panduan Pengajaran Dan  Pembelajaran  Berasaskan Inkuiri. Putrajaya : Bahagian Pembangunan  Kurikulum. 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia : Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan  Dasar  Pendidikan.(2019). Ibu bapa beri isyarat salah satu sebab  kemerosotan  pilihan aliran STEM. Retrieved from  https://www.moe.gov.my/penerbitan/2301-infomedia-bil-02-mac-april- 2019/file 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2020). Manual Pengajaran Dan  Pembelajaran  Di Rumah. 

 

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2020). Laporan Kebangsaan TIMSS 2019  - Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study.  Putrajaya :  Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar Pendidikan 

 

Lee, C. H. (2018). Keberkesanan modul bio-stem dalam peningkatan  pencapaian topik nutrisi di sekolah luar bandar. Jurnal Penyelidikan  IPGK BL, 15. 

 

Liu, C. C., & Chen, I. J. (2010). Evolution of constructivism. Contemporary  Issues in Education Research, 3(4), 63-66. doi:10.19030/cier.v3i4.199 

 

Mahathir Yahaya & Wardatul Hayat Adnan. (2021). Cabaran Pelajar Melalui  Kaedah Pembelajaran Atas Talian: Kajian Institusi Pengajian Tinggi  Awam Malaysia. Journal of Media and Information Warfare, 14(1),  11-20. 

 

Maryam Lak, Hassan Soleimani & Farid Parvaneh. (2017). The effect of  teacher-centeredness method vs. learner-centeredness method on  reading comprehension among Iranian EFL learners. Journal of  Advances in English Language Teaching, 5(1), 1-10. Retrieved from  http://www.european- science.com/jaelt 

 

Mazura Khalik, Corrienna Abdul Talib & Intan Bidayu Mohd Rafi. (2018).  Implementation of Inquiry–Based Science Education: Issues,   Exemplars and Recommendations. Learning Science and Mathematics  Journal, 13, 115-132.  Retrieved from  http://www.recsam.edu.my/joomla/lsmjournal/ 

 

Mc Brien, J. L., & Brandt, R. S. (1997). The language of learning: A guide to  education terms. Alexandria VA : Association for Supervision and  Curriculum Development. 

 

Md Noor Saper, Nurul Ain Mohd Daud & Norazani Ahmad. (2016). Kesahan  dan Kebolehpercayaan Modul I-Sc (Islamic Spiritual Counseling)  ke  atas Pelajar Bermasalah Tingkah Laku. International Journal of  Islamic Thought, 9(June), 32-43.  https://doi.org/10.24035/ijit.9.2016.004 

 

Melissa Ng Lee Yen Abdullah, Shuki bin Osman, Mohd Ali Shamsuddin,  Mohd  Saiful Bahari Yusoff & Hairul Nizam Ismail. (2012). Module 2  : Philosophy of Student-Centered Learning (SCL). Universiti Sains  Malaysia : Centre for Development of Academic Excellence (CDAE) 

 

Minner, D. D., Levy, A., & Century, J. (2010). Inquiry-based science  instruction-What is it and does it matter? Results from a research  synthesis years 1984 to 2002. Journal of Research in Science  Teaching, 47, 474-496. doi :  10.1002/tea.20347 

 

Muhamad Azhar Stapa & Nazeri Mohammad. (2019). The Use Of Addie  Model For Designing Blended Learning Application At Vocational  Colleges In Malaysia. Jurnal Teknologi Maklumat dan Multimedia  Asia-Pasifik, 8(1), 49-62. https://doi.org/10.17576/apjitm-2019- 0801-05 

 

Mohamad Siri Muslimin, Norazah Mohd Nordin, Ahmad Zamri Mansor &  Melor Md Yunus. (2017). The design and development of MobiEko : a  mobile educational app for microeconomics module. Malaysian  Journal of Learning and Instruction: Special Issues 2017, 221-255.  

 

Mohd Majid Konting. (1998). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Edisi  Keempat. Kuala Lumpur : Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. 

 

Mohd Taufek Harun & Mohd Ikhwan Hadi Yaacob. (2021). Penilaian kualiti  modul  FZ-STEM: Aspek kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan. Jurnal  Pendidikan Sains dan Matematik Malaysia, 11, 107-117.  Retrieved  from  https://doi.org/10.37134/jpsmm.vol11.sp.10.2021 

 

Mohd Zaharen Md Zahir, Md Noor Saper & Mohammad Nasir Bistamam.  (2019). Kesahan dan Kebolehpercayaan Modul Kelompok Bimbingan  Integrasi REBT-Tazkiyah An-Nafs. Journal of Research, Policy &  Practice of Teachers & Teacher Education, 9(1), 58-69 

 

Moog, R.S. & Spencer, J.N. (2008). POGIL: An Overview. doi: 10.1921/bk- 2008-  0994.ch001 

 

National Research Council. (1996). National Science Education Standards.  Washington, DC : National Academies Press. Retrieved from  http://www.nap.edu/catalog/4962.html 

 

Ng & Mazlini Adnan. (2018). Integrating STEM education through Project- Based  Inquiry Learning (PIL) in topic space among year one pupils.  IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 296.  

 

Nikmatus Solikha, Suchainah & Irfah Rasyida.(2020). Efektifitas  pembelajaran e-learning berbasis schoology terhadap peningkatan  keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa X IPS Man Kota Pasuruan. Jurnal  Ilmiah Edukasi & Sosial, 11(1), 31-42. 

 

Noraini Zulkepli. (2016). Process-Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL)  Based  Instructional Materials for a Discourse Analysis Course.  doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.4896.9849 

 

Noor Hisham Md Nawi. (2011). Pengajaran dan pembelajaran; penelitian  semula konsep-konsep asas menurut perspektif gagasan islamisasi  ilmu moden. Kertas kerja dibentangkan dalam Kongres Pengajaran  Dan Pembelajaran UKM 2011.  

 

Noor Lela Ahmad, Sho, S. L., Hariyaty Ab Wahid & Rohaila Yusof. (2019).  Kepentingan Amalan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Abad 21 Terhadap  Pembangunan Pelajar. International Journal of Education, Psychology  and Counseling, 4(28), 37-51. 

 

Norazlin Mohd Rusdin & Siti Rahaimah Ali. (2019). Amalan dan cabaran  pelaksanaan pembelajaran abad ke-21. Proceedings of the  international  conference on Islamic civilization and technology  management. 

 

Norfazilah Mohamad Yusuf, Nurulhuda Abd Rahman & Nuraini Ghazali.  (2021). The Effect of a Technology-Enhanced Learning (TEL) Module  on the Achievement of Form Four Students in the Topic of Waves and  Sound. Jurnal  Pendidikan Sains Dan Matematik Malaysia, 11(8), 81- 93 

 

Norhiza Mohd Salleh & Mohd Syafiq Aiman. (2015). Improving the quality of  pupils" response in science inquiry teaching: a participatory action  research. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 191, 1310– 1316.doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.482 

 

Nor Junainah Mohd Isa, Mohd Razimi Husin, Nurulhuda Md Hassan &  Norliza Abdul Majid. (2021). Modul Aplikasi Psikologi Pendidikan.  Tanjong Malim : Penerbit Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Nurshamshida Md Shamsudina, Nabilah Abdullah & Nurlatifah Yaamat.  (2013). Strategies of Teaching Science Using an Inquiry Based Science  Education (IBSE) by Novice Chemistry Teachers. Procedia - Social  and Behavioral Sciences, 90, 583–592.doi:  10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.07.129 

 

Nurfatimah Sugrah. (2019). Implementasi Teori Belajar Konstruktivisme  Dalam  Pembelajaran Sains. Humanika, Kajian Ilmiah Mata Kuliah  Umum, 19(2),121-138. 

 

Nurfarihah Kamarudin, Lee Tien Tien, Aisyah Mohamad Sharif, Hafsah Taha,  Nurulsaidah Abdul Rahim. (2020). Pembangunan dan persepsi pelajar  terhadap Modul e-Pentaksiran untuk Massive Open Online Course  (MOOC) Kimia. Journal of Science and Mathematics Letters, 8(2),  109-121. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.37134/jsml.vol8.2.13.2020 

 

Nur Farhana Abdul Rahman & Nurul Jannah Rosli. (2021). Cabaran Dan  Impak  Pembelajaran dalam Talian Kepada Mahasiswa Pengajian  Islam UKM Semasa Pandemik Covid 19. Proceeding The 3rd ICDIS  2021 "Islam and Sountheast Asian Communities Welfare in the  COVID-19 ERA".  

 

Nurul Farhana Jumaat, Yazid Saupian & Noor Hidayah Che Lah. (2022).  Pembelajaran Berasaskan Inkuiri dalam Meningkatkan Kemahiran  Literasi Sains dan Pencapaian Murid menerusi Persekitaran  Pembelajaran dalam  Talian. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences  and Humanities, 7(1), 73-84 

 

Nurul Hamimi Awang Japilan & Jahidih Saili. 2021. COVID-19:  Transformasi  Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran di Rumah (PdPr) Amali  Solat, Tilawah al-Quran dan Hafazan al-Quran Menggunakan  Inovasi. Prosiding Seminar Penyelidikan dan Inovasi Pendidikan  (SPIP2021) Peringkat Kebangsaan 24-26 Mac 2021. 351-363. 

 

Nurul Huda Kasim. (2019). Pembangunan modul PRO-STEM bagi topik  Biodiversiti dan Ekosistem serta kesannya terhadap KBAT dan  kemahiran abad ke-21.Tesis Ijazah Sarjana Pendidikan, Universiti  Pendidikan Sultan Idris. 

 

Omar Awadh Salamah Idris. (2016). Investigating Instructors" Perspectives  towards Student-Centered Learning in Teaching English Language.  American Journal of Educational Research, 4 (20), 1317-1322. 

 

Ong, E. T., Devi, G., Charanjit, K. S. S., Norwaliza Abdul Wahab, Mohamad  Termizi Borhan & Siew, W. T. (2020). The effect of employing the 5E  Inquiry learning model on the learning of Acid and Alkali among year  3 Malaysian students. Solid State Technology, 63(1s), 680-691.  Retrieved from  www.solidstatetechnology.us 

 

Ong, E. T., Devi, G., Charanjit, K. S. S., Md Nasir Ibrahim, Norwaliza Abdul  Wahab, Mohamad Termizi Borhan & Siew, W. T. (2021). The 5E  inquiry learning model: its effect on the learning of electricity among  malaysian students. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 40(1), 170-182.  

 

Ong, E. T., Govindasay, A., Sabri Mohd Salleh, Nor"ain Mohd Tajuddin,  Nurulhuda Abd Rahman & Mohamad Termizi Borhan. (2018). 5E  Inquiry Learning Model: Its Effect on Science Achievement among  Malaysian Year 5 Indian Students. International Journal of Academic  Research in Business and Social  Sciences, 8(12), 348–360. doi :  10.6007/IJARBSS/v8-i12/5017 

 

Ong, E. T., Keok, B. L., Yingprayoon, J., Singh, C. K. S., Mohamad Termizi  Borhan & Tho, W. S. (2020). The effect of 5E inquiry learning model  on the Science achievement in the learning of “magnet” among year 3  students. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 9(1), 1-10. doi:  10.15294/jpii.v9i1.21330 

 

Ong, E. T., & Ruthven, K. (2010). The distinctiveness and effectiveness of  Science teaching in the Malaysian „Smart School. Research in Science  and Technological Education, 28 (1), 25-41. 

 

Ong, E. T., Rosmawati Muhammad Kharuddin, Sabri Salleh & Nurulhuda  Abd Rahman. (2019). Keberkesanan penggunaan modul kartun dalam  meningkatkan pencapaian Biologi pelajar. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains &  Matematik Malaysia, 3 (1), 95-111. 

 

Othman Mohamed. (2000). Prinsip Psikoterapi dan Pengurusan dalam  Kaunseling. Serdang: Universiti Putra Malaysia. 

 

Othman Talib. (2017). SPSS: Analisis data kuantitatif untuk penyelidik muda.  Bangi:  MPWS Rich Publication. 

 

Otukile, M. M. (2016). Teacher centered dominated approaches: Their  implications  for today"s inclusive classrooms. International Journal  of Psychology and Counselling, 10(2), 11-21. Retrieved from  http://www.academicjournals.org/IJPC 

 

Paiva, C. E., Barroso, E. M., Carneseca, E. C., de Padua Souza, C., Dos  Santos, F. T.,  Mendoza Lopez, R. V., & Ribeiro Paiva, S. B. (2014).  A critical analysis of  test-retest reliability in instrument validation  studies of cancer patients under palliative care: a systematic  review. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 14,  8. doi:10.1186/1471-2288-14-8 

 

Pedaste, M., Maeots, M., Siiman, L. A., Jong, T. J., Riesen, S. A. N. V., &  Kamp, E. T. et al. (2015). Phases of inquiry-based learning:  Definitions and the inquiry cycle. Educational Research Review, 14,  47–61. doi: 10.1016/j.edurev.2015.02.003 

 

Peters, J. M., & Stout, D. L. (2015). Science in elementary education:Methods,  concepts, and Inquiries. Boston: Pearson. 

 

Piaget, J. (1967). Biologist connaissance (Biology and knowledge).Gallimard,  Paris. 

 

Pusat Perkembangan Kurikulum. (2001). Kemahiran Berfikir dalam  Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran. Kuala Lumpur : Kementerian  Pendidikan Malaysia. 

 

Rangkuti, N. A. (2014). Konstruktivisme Dan Pembelajaran Matematika. Jurnal  Darul ‘Ilmi, 2(2). 

 

Razana Baharudin, Noriza Nayan, Nur Saadah Fathil, Ahmad Suhaimi Mohd  Noor,  Saridan Abd Hamid, Azman Uyub & Abd Harith Hasan.  (2014). Pembangunan Perisian Multimedia Interaktif: Seni Anyaman  Melayu. Journal of ICT in Education,1,73-86.  

 

Rian Priyadi, Ina Yuliana & Sentot Kusairi. (2021). Using the 5E learning  cycle with formative e-assessment to enhancement students’ concept.  The 4th International Conference on Mathematics and Science  Education. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0043438 

 

Robert, M. B. (2009). Instructional Design: The ADDIE Approach. New York  : Springer Science+Business Media. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-09506-6 

 

Rohani Ab Ghani. (2021). Pandemik Covid 19 dan Norma Baru dalam  Pendidikan di  Malaysia. Retrieved from  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349582245_Pandemik_Covi d_19_da n_Norma_Baru_dalam_Pendidikan_di_Malaysia(10 Dis  2021). 

 

Rozelia Haizah Abd Razak & Nur Farahkhanna Mohd Rusli. (2022).  Pembelajaran  Secara dalam Talian: Tahap Kesediaan dan  Keberkesanan Pelaksanaannya kepada Pelajar. LSP International  Journal, 9 (1), 31–43.doi:https://doi.org/10.11113/lspi.v9.18174 

 

Rusell, J. D. (1974). Modular Instruction: A Guide to the Design, Selection,  Utilization and Evaluation of Modular Materials. New York:  Publishing Company. 

 

Saifolrudin Khalid Mahzan & Mohamad Khairi Hj Othman. (2019).  Pembangunan  Sistem Prototaip E-Pendidikan Islam Berasaskan  Teknologi Web Di Institusi Pondok Di Kedah. International Journal of  Education, Psychology and Counseling, 4 (26). 01-26.  

 

Sanariah Sahak, Tuan Mastura Tuan Soh & Kamisah Osman. (2012).  Comparison of level of inventive thinking among science and arts  students. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences,59, 475-483. doi:  10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.303 

 

Sarmila Tamoh Deram & Abdul Razaq Ahmad. (2017). Pembangunan modul  5E dalam meningkatkan Kemahiran Pemikiran Sejarah. 2nd  International  Conference in Education and Regional Development  20-21/11/2017, Bandung, Indonesia. Retrieved from  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321912229  

 

Schreurs, J., & Dumbraveanu, R. (2014). A shift from teacher centered to  learner centered approach. International Journal of Engineering  Pedagogy, 4(3), 36-41. doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v4i3.3395 

 

Sen, S., & Oskay, O. O. (2017). The Effects of 5E Inquiry Learning Activities  on Achievement and Attitude toward Chemistry. Journal of Education  and Learning, 6(1), 1-9. doi:10.5539/jel.v6n1p1 

 

Shahrom Noordin & Yap, K. C. (1991). Ke arah mengindividukan pengajaran  menerusi pengajaran bermodul. Jurnal pendidikan guru, 7,  89-107. 

 

Sidek Mohd Noah & Jamaludin Ahmad. (2005). Pembinaan modul  :Bagaimana  membina modul latihan dan modul akademik. Serdang :  Universiti Putra Malaysia. 

 

Singh, S., & Yaduvanshi, S. (2015). Constructivism in Science Classroom:  Why and How. International Journal of Scientific and Research  Publications, 5(3). 

 

Sri Rahayu, Chandrasegaran, A. L., Treagust, D. F., Kita, M., & Suhadi Ibnu.  (2011). Understanding acid–base concepts: evaluating the efficacy of a  senior high school student-centred instructional program in Indonesia.  International  Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 9,  1439-1458.  doi:10.1007/s10763-010-9272-x 

 

Sugiyono. (2010). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D.   Bandung: Alfabeta 

 

Syahida Nadia Zakaria. (2015). Kesan pendekatan konstruktivisme dan  pendekatan tradisional dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran komponen  sastera Bahasa Melayu. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 5(2), 12- 21. 

 

Syed Abu Bakar Tuan Dalam & Mohd Isa Hamzah. (2020). Pelaksanaan  Pembelajaran Abad Ke-21 Berdasarkan Metode Pembelajaran Surah  An-Nahl Ayat 125. Persidangan Antarabangsa Sains Sosial dan  Kemanusiaan ke-5 (PASAK5 2020) –Dalam Talian.  

 

Tamilmullai, T., & Salini Baloh. (2021). Cabaran PdPr Bahasa Tamil di  Sekolah Luar  Bandar. MJSSH Online, 5 (2), 183 – 190. 

 

The Prime Minister"s Special Message On Covid-19 -16 March. (2020).  Retrived from https://www.pmo.gov.my/2020/03/perutusan-khas-yab- perdana-menteri-mengenai-covid-19-16- mac-2020/. 

 

Ummu Nasibah Nasohah, Muhammad Izuan Bin Abd Gani & Nazipah Binti  Mat Shaid @ Md Shaid. (2015). Model ADDIE dalam proses reka  bentuk modul  pengajaran: Bahasa Arab tujuan khas di Universiti Sains  Islam Malaysia sebagai contoh. Proceedings of the International  Seminar on Language Teaching ISeLT 2015, Bangi, Malaysia.  Retrieved from  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335568905 

 

Vygotsky, L., S. (1978). Tool and symbol in child development. Harvard  University Press. 

 

Wan Ali Akbar Wan Abdullah & Nursafra Mohd Zhaffar. (2011). Aplikasi  kaedah inkuiri dalam pembelajaran aqidah: kepercayaan kepada rasul.  Proceedings 2nd International Conference On Islamic Education,  Putrajaya, Selangor, Malaysia. 

 

Wan Mohd Zahid Mohd Nordin. (1993). Wawasan Pendidikan Agenda  Pengisian. Kuala Lumpur: Nurin Enterprise. 

 

Winnie & Mohammad Yusof Arshad. (2015). Inquiry practices in Malaysian  secondary classroom and model of inquiry teaching based on verbal  interaction. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 12, 151- 175. 

 

Wong, A. B., & Khairul Azhar Jamaludin. (2021). Pembelajaran Dalam Talian  (E-Pembelajaran) Semasa Pandemik Covid-19. Jurnal Dunia  Pendidikan, 3 (3),  408-414. Retrieved from  http://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jdpd 

 

Yuliawati, F., Rokhimawan, M. A., & Suprihatiningrum, J. (2013).  Pengembangan modul pembelajaran Sains berbasis integrasi Islam- Sains untuk peserta didik  difabel netra mi/sd kelas 5 semester 2  materi pokok bumi dan alam semesta.  Jurnal Pendidikan IPA  Indonesia, 2(2), 169-177. Retrieved from  http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/jpii 

 

Zahida Parveen. (2017). Educational effectiveness of the 5E model for  scientific achievement of students with hearing impairment. Journal of  Baltic Science  Education, 16(5),723-732. Retrieved from  http://www.scientiasocialis.lt/jbse/files/pdf/vol16/723-732.  Parveen_JBSE_Vol.16_No.5.pdf 

 

Zaihan Haron & Hilmun Mohamed. (2016). Tahap Efikasi Dengan Skor  Pemantauan Pembelajaran Dan Pengajaran Pensyarah Di Politeknik  Melaka. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(1). Retrieved  from www.jonatuansarjowo.info/korelasi/korelasi.htm 

 

Zainab Jelani, Johari Surif & Sulaiman Shakib. (2014). Modul pengajaran  sains topik “Nutrisi” berteraskan model konstruktivis bersepadu. 1st  International  Education Postgraduate Seminar 2014, 1-27. Retrieved  from http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/61262/ 

 

Zainah Don & Ong, E. T. (2020). Examining a 5E Inquiry Learning Module  for Malaysian Science Teachers: A Needs Analysis. Solid State  Technology, 63(1), 111-119. 

 

Zaini Abdullah. (2022). Modul Perkembangan Pendidikan di Malaysia  Falsafah dan  Dasar. Tanjong Malim : Penerbit Universiti Pendidikan  Sultan Idris. 

 

Zamista, A. A. (2016). Influence of learning model Process Oriented Guided  Inquiry Learning to the skills of the process of science and student  cognitive ability in  the subject of physics. EDUSAINS (Online),  7(2), 192-201. Retrieved from  http://jounal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/edusains.