Measuring form 2 students’ reading skills based on flashcards designed using the bottom-up theory

Abstract: This study investigates the enhancement of Form 2 students’ reading skills using Flashcards designed based on the Bottom-Up Theory. The researcher implemented The Bottom-Up Theory to identify key reading skill components such as Pronunciation, tone, speed, and fluency. Findings revealed that most students face Challenges in developing their reading skills. The study aimed to (1) assess the Baseline reading skills of Form 2 students before the intervention using flashcards. Based on the Bottom-Up Theory, (2) evaluate their reading skills after the Intervention, and (3) analyze the overall impact of the flashcard-based training on Their reading abilities. The research was conducted at a secondary school in Jasin District, Malacca, involving three Form 2 students who had opted for Tamil as a subject. This qualitative study utilized tools such as flashcards, pre-tests, training sessions, post-tests, and structured questionnaires to collect data. The findings confirmed that training with flashcards designed based on the Bottom-Up Theory significantly improved students reading skills, particularly in pronunciation, tone, speed, and fluency. This research highlights the effectiveness of employing structured, theory-based learning tools to address reading challenges among secondary school students. Key Words: Flashcard, Reading