Effect of Virtual Reality Headset towards anxiety and kick serve performance among Sabah MSSM male Tennis players

Subramaniam Soorinarayanan

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Type :	Thesis
Subject :	GV Recreation Leisure
Main Author :	Subramaniam Soorinarayanan
Additional Authors :	Gunathevan Elumalai
Title :	Effect of Virtual Reality Headset towards anxiety and kick serve performance among Sabah MSSM male Tennis players
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Place of Production :	Tanjong Malim
Publisher :	Fakulti Sains Sukan dan Kejurulatihan
Year of Publication :	2025
Corporate Name :	Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun
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Abstract : Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun

This study examined the effectiveness of using Virtual Reality (VR) Headset Gear to reduce anxiety among male Sabah MSSM tennis players during the execution of a kick serve. A quasi-experimental design was utilized, comprising three phases: needs analysis with 26 coaches, validation by 10 experts, and an assessment of 40 male MSSM tennis players, 14 and 17 years old. The research instruments included the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R (CSAI-2R) for measuring anxiety levels, the Sports Imagery Ability Measure (SIAM-M) for assessing mental imagery related to the kick serve, and the Relaxation State Questionnaire (RSQ) to evaluate relaxation levels. Results from the needs analysis indicated that 63.34% of the coaches agreed or strongly agreed on the potential benefits of VR in enhancing the training environment, with a mean score of 3.63 (SD = 1.22). Expert validation of the VR-based Psychological Mental Training Assessment demonstrated high reliability, achieving an overall mean of 4.31 (SD = 0.321). The pre-test mental imagery ability scores showed no significant difference between the control group and treatment group, indicating homogeneity prior to the intervention. Following the intervention, serve performance and anxiety levels showed significant improvement in the treatment group, with substantial increases in serve performance scores and decreases in anxiety levels, while relaxation levels remained stable. Statistical analysis confirmed that the VR-based mental imagery training produced significant improvements across mental imagery ability, serve performance, anxiety, and relaxation, F(6, 33) = 11618.493, p < 0.05. These findings suggest that VR-based mental imagery training can be a valuable tool for reducing anxiety and enhancing performance in sports. This technology offers an immersive and controlled environment that helps athletes practice mental skills more effectively, potentially leading to improved mental readiness and focus in high-pressure situations.

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