Abdul Karim, N., & Yin, K. Y. (2013). Outcome-based education: An approach for teaching and learning
development. Journal of Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers and Teacher Education, 3(1), 26-35.
Abrahams, I. & Reiss, M. J. (2015). The assessment of practical skills. School Science Review, 96(357), 40-44.
Abrahams, I., Reiss, M. J., & Sharpe, R. M. (2013). The assessment of practical work in school science. Studies
in Science Education, 49(2), 209-251. doi:10.1080 /03057267.2013.858496
Baharom, S., Khoiry, M. A., Hamid, R., Mutalib, A. A., & Hamzah, N. (2015). Assessment of psychomotor
domain in a problem-based concrete laboratory. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 1-10.
Chen, H.-J., She, J.-L., Chou, C.-C., Tsai, Y.-M., & Chiu, M.-H. (2013). Development and application of a scoring
rubric for evaluating students’ experimental skills in organic chemistry: An instructional guide for
teaching assistants. Journal of Chemical Education, 90(10), 1296-1302. doi: 10.1021/ed101111g
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (3rd ed.).
Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Curriculum Development Division (2018). Kurikulum standard sekolah menengah: Dokumen standard kurikulum
dan pentaksiran kimia tingkatan 4 dan 5. Putrajaya: Ministry of Education Malaysia.
Fadzil, H. M., & Saat, R. M. (2013). Phenomenographic study of students’ manipulative skills during transition
from primary to secondary school. Jurnal Teknologi, 63(2), 71-75.
Fadzil, H. M., & Saat, R. M. (2017). Exploring students’ acquisition of manipulative skills during science practical
work. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, 13(8), 4591-4607. doi:
10.12973/eurasia.2017.00953a
Fadzil, H. M., & Saat, R. M. (2019). Development of instrument in assessing students’ science manipulative skills.
Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Studies, 7(1), 47-57.
Ferris, T. L, & Aziz, S. M. (2005). A psychomotor skills extension to Bloom’s taxonomy of education objectives
for engineering education. Paper presented at International Conference on Engineering Education and
Research: Exploring Innovation in Education and Research, Tainan, Taiwan.
Hunt, L., Koenders, A., & Gynnild, V. (2011). Assessing practical laboratory skills in undergraduate molecular
biology courses. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 37(7), 861-874
Lian, L. H., & Yew, W. T. (2013). A framework of teachers’ concern about school based assessment of science
practical work (PEKA). Jurnal Sains dan Matematik, 5(1), 1-7.
Macayan, J. V. (2017). Implementing outcome-based education (OBE) framework: Implications for assessment
of students’ performance. Educational Measurement and Evaluation Review, 8(1), 1-10.
Malana, J. C. (2016). Manipulative skills of students in general chemistry. Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary
Research, 2(7), 1030-1034.
Matriculation Division (2019). Chemistry laboratory manual semester I & II SK015 & SK025 (1st ed.). Putrajaya:
Ministry of Education Malaysia.
McFarlane, D. A. (2013). Understanding the challenges of science education in the 21st century: New opportunities
for scientific literacy. International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 4, 35-44.
Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2016). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (4th ed.). San
Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Oloruntegbe, K. O. (2010). Approaches to The assessment of science process skills: A reconceptualist view and
option. Journal of College Teaching & Learning, 7(6), 11-18.
Richie, J., & Spencer, L. (1994). Qualitative data analysis for applied policy research. In A. Bryman & R. G.
Burgess (Eds.), Analysing qualitative data (pp. 173-194). London: Routledge.
Sedumedi, T. D. T. (2017). Practical work activities as a method of assessing learning in chemistry teaching.
EURASIA Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, 13(6), 1765-1784.
Towns, M., Harwood M. J., Robertshaw, M. B., Fish, J., & O’Shea, K. (2015). The digital pipetting badge: A
method to improve student hands-on laboratory skills. Journal of Chemical Education, 92(12), 2038-
2044. doi: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.5b00464
Wright, J. S., Read, D., Hughes, O., & Hyde, J. (2018). Tracking and assessing practical chemistry skills
development: Practical skills portfolios. New Directions in the Teaching of Physical Science.