UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract : Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun |
| The use of smartphones among young children is increasing rapidly with the advancement of technology. However, excessive use can lead to addiction and have negative impacts on children. This study aims to translate the Smartphone Addiction Instrument for early childhood into Indonesian and subsequently verify the validity and reliability of the instrument. This study is a cross-sectional observational survey involving the participation of 50 parents of children aged 4-5 years in data collection. There are three stages in this study: the translation process was developed through translation and back-translation; the validity involves three types of testing: content validity by consulting three experts: a psychologist, a psychiatrist, and an early childhood education lecturer; structural validity conducted through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis; and construct validity conducted using the Pearson test; and the reliability test was assessed using Cronbach's Alpha. The study results showed that the Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and the Scale Content Validity Index (S-CVI) of the instrument were both 1, indicating excellent content validity. The exploratory factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure, supported by eigenvalues, total explained variance, and the scree plot. Additionally, all recommended fit indices fell within acceptable ranges as determined by confirmatory factor analysis. The Cronbach's _ value of 0.796 for the Indonesian version of the Smartphone Addiction Instrument indicates good reliability. Therefore, this instrument is both valid and reliable for use among early childhood populations and can be employed to collect actual data. The developed three-factor structure, comprising self-control failure, salience, and serious consequences, will help identify smartphone addiction in early childhood and can be used to plan educational interventions for parents, educators, and researchers in addressing smartphone addiction issues in early childhood.
Keywords: Reliability, Smartphone Addiction Instrument, Translation, Validation |
| References |
Nalika, U. (2014). Mobile Device Usage Among Young Kids: A Southeast Asia Study. Asianparent Insights Mobile, November, 1–61. https://s3-ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/tap-sgmedia/ theAsianparent+Insights+Device+Usage+A+Southeast+Asia+Study+November+2014.pdf
Warisyah, Y. (2019). Pentingnya “pendampingan dialogis” orang tua dalam penggunaan gadget pada anak usia dini. In Seminar Nasional Pendidikan 2015, 130–138
Chen, L., Yan, Z., Tang, W., Yang, F., Xie, X., & He, J. (2016). Mobile phone addiction levels and negative emotions among Chinese young adults: The mediating role of interpersonal problems. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 856–866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.10.030
Kwon, M., Lee, J.-Y., Won, W.-Y., Park, J.-W., Min, J.-A., Hahn, C., Gu, X., Choi, J.-H., & Kim, D.-J. (2013). Development and Validation of a Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS). PLoS ONE, 8(2), e56936. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056936
Amalina, A., & Samat, N. A. (2023). Risk Factors and Adverse Effects of Smartphone Addiction in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review (pp. 3–12). https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-142-5_2
Muttaqin, Fakhrul; Arifin, M. (2024). Dampak Penggunaan Smartphone Pada Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun. Ilmu Pembangunan Sosial, 12(3), 429–441. https://ejournal.ps.fisip-unmul.ac.id/site/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/
Santika, E. F. (2023). Hampir Separuh Anak Usia Dini Sudah Gunakan HP dan Mengakses Internet pada 2022. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/demografi/statistik/f561c07efa4d0ce/hampir-separuh-anak-usia-dini-sudahgunakan- hp-dan-mengakses-internet-pada-2022
Kwon, M., Kim, D.-J., Cho, H., & Yang, S. (2013). The Smartphone Addiction Scale: Development and Validation of a Short Version for Adolescents. PLoS ONE, 8(12), e83558. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083558
Park, J. H. (2019). Factors associated with smartphone addiction risk in preschool children. 1–13. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.12654/v1
Hair, Joseph F, lack, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis. Prentice Hall.
Sapnas, K. G., & Zeller, R. A. (2002). Minimizing Sample Size When Using Exploratory Factor Analysis for Measurement. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 10(2), 135–154. https://doi.org/10.1891/jnum.10.2.135.52552
Ismail, R., Noh, M., Ismail, N. H., & Tamil, A. M. (2015). A tale of two construct validation analysis: Rasch model and exploratory factor analysis approach for Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21) among Malaysian male workers. Med J Malaysia, 70(3), 169–176.
Cheung, H., Mazerolle, L., Possingham, H. P., Tam, K. P., & Biggs, D. (2020). A methodological guide for translating study instruments in cross-cultural research: Adapting the ‘connectedness to nature’ scale into Chinese. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 11(11), 1379–1387. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13465
Lynn, M. R. (1986). Determination and Quantification Of Content Validity. Nursing Research, 35(6), 382???386. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-198611000-00017
Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T., & Owen, S. V. (2007). Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Research in Nursing & Health, 30(4), 459–467. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20199
Braeken, J., & van Assen, M. A. L. M. (2017). An empirical Kaiser criterion. Psychological Methods, 22(3), 450– 466. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000074
Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88(3), 588–606. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588
Tho’in, M. (2017). Pembiayaan Pendidikan Melalui Sektor Zakat Muhammad. In Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Ed.), Al-Amwal (Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syari’ah) (Vol. 9, Issue 2, pp. 162– 175). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.24235/amwal.v9i2.1794.g1189
Wang, Y., & Sun, A. F. (2011). Statistical estimation of correlation validity of test criteria. Chin. Med. Guide, 9, 234–235. https://doi.org/10.15912/j.cnki. gocm.2011.31.025
Nunnally J. (1978). Psychometric methods. McGraw-Hill.
Hidayati, I., & Afiatin, T. (2020). Peran Kontrol Diri dan Mediasi Orang Tua terhadap Perilaku Penggunaan Internet Secara Berlebihan. Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP), 6(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.52744
Novrialdy, E. (2019). Kecanduan Game Online pada Remaja: Dampak dan Pencegahannya. Buletin Psikologi, 27(2), 148. https://doi.org/10.22146/buletinpsikologi.47402
Chang, Q., Sha, F., Chan, C. H., & Yip, P. S. F. (2018). Validation of an abbreviated version of the Lubben Social Network Scale (“LSNS-6”) and its associations with suicidality among older adults in China. PLOS ONE, 13(8), e0201612. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201612 |
| This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. |