UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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| Abstract : Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun |
| The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of integrating biofeedback training into a
periodized training program on psychophysiological, physical fitness and shooting performance
outcomes among junior archers. This study involves a pre and post experimental design with a
control group and two experimental groups. Twenty-one junior archers (Mean age=15.0±1.7 years)
completed the whole study protocol. Participants were matched according to their shooting scores
and they were assigned into either three groups; biofeedback training group (BFT), physical
training group (PT) and control group. Both experimental groups underwent three months of
periodized training program provided by the researcher, while the control group continued their
training program provided by their coach until the end of the study period. All parameters were
measured at pre-intervention, after one month of
intervention, after two months of intervention, and after three months of intervention.
The revised Competitive State Anxiety-2 (CSAl-2R) was used to measure
competitive state anxiety. Skin Conductance sensor (SC-Flex/Pro) was used to measure galvanic skin
response (GSR). BioGraph Infiniti version 5.1 (Montreal, Canada) and polar heart rate monitor
(S710i, Polar Electro Oy, Finland) were used to measure the physiological variables and Sport
Psychology Attitudes-Revised (SPA-R) to evaluated athletes' attitudes toward sport psychology. The
results of Mixed Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOV A) revealed significant interactions between
experimental groups across the measurement sessions (p < 0.05) compared to the control group for
galvanic skin response (GSR), core strength test, bow arm holding test, multi-stage fitness test,
and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) test. No significant interaction between the experimental group
across measurement session for heart rate, competitive state anxiety, stork stand, push up and
archer performance. Furthermore, the positive attitude and negative attitude across the measurement
sessions for all the tests showed that most of the athletes in BFT and PT groups were positive
toward sport psychology consulting and performance outcome in most of the parameters. It can be
concluded that the biofeedback and periodized training program are effective in improving the
psychophysiological and physical fitness among junior archers.
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