UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
|
|
Full Text : |
This study aimed to investigate the practice of transformational leadership among academic administrators of a faculty at one of the public universities in Malaysia. Further, this study measured the level of leadership outcomes namely extra effort, effectiveness, and satisfaction. This study used all its population in the faculty, which consists of 71 full-time academicians. The MLQ 5X-Short was utilized as an instrument used to obtain the data. Academicians perceived their academic administrators’ leadership style as transformational (M = 2.42, SD = .55). The most practiced leadership style was inspirational motivation (M=2.72, SD = .60), followed by idealized influence (behavior) (M = 2.60, SD = .63) and idealized influence (attributed) (M = 2.42, SD = .64). The least frequent types of leadership styles were individual consideration (M=2.05, SD = .65), and intellectual stimulation (M = 2.32, SD = .71). However, the findings of this study revealed that the mean scores of the academicians at the university were below the mean scores of the normative sample for all transformational subscales. The result described that academic administrators displayed transformational leadership styles less than the normative sample. The study also discovered that the mean scores of the academicians were below the mean scores of the normative sample for all the leadership outcomes factors: extra effort, effectiveness, and satisfaction. |
References |
1. Ahsan, N., Abdullah, Z., Fie, D. Y. G. & Alam, S. S. (2009). A study of job stress on job satisfaction among university staff in Malaysia: Empirical study. European Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1), 121-131.
2. Avolio, B. J., & Bass, B. M. (2004). Multifactor leadership questionnaire: Manual and sampler set (3rd ed.). Redwood City, CA: Mind Garden.
3. Basham, L. M. (2012). Transformational leadership characteristics necessary for today’s leaders in higher education. Journal of International Education Research, 8, 343-348. Retrieved from http://www.cleinstitute.com/
4. Bass, B. M., & Bass, R. (1974). The Bass handbook of leadership: theory, research, and managerial applications (4th ed.). New York, NY: Free Press
5. Bass, B. M. & Bass, R. (2008). The Bass handbook of leadership: theory, research and managerial applications (4th ed.). New York, NY: Free Press.
6. Bono, J. E., Foldes, H. J., Vinson, G., & Muros, J. P. (2007). Workplace emotions: the role of supervision and leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 1357-1367. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.5.1357
7. Bronkhorst, B., Steijn, B., & Vermeeren, B. (2015). Transformational leadership, goal setting, and work motivation: The case of a Dutch municipality. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 35, 124-145. doi:10.1177/0734371X13515486
8. Bryman, A. (2007). Effective leadership in higher education: a literature review. Studies in Higher Education, 32, 693-710. doi:10.1080/03075070701685114
9. Chen, S. H., Yang, C. C., Shiau, J. Y., & Wang, H. H. (2006). The development of employee satisfaction model for higher education. The TQM Magazine, 18(5), 484-500. doi:10.1108/09544780610685467
10. Cohen, J. W. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
11. Creswell, J. W. (2008). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson
12. Czech, K., & Forward, G. L. (2015). Leadership communication: faculty perceptions of the department chair. Communication Quarterly, 58, 431-457. doi:10.1080/01463373.2010.525158
13. Daft, R. L. (2011). Leadership (5th ed.). Stanford, CT: Cengage Learning.
14. Erkutlu, H. (2008). The impact of transformational leadership on organizational and leadership effectiveness: the Turkish case. Journal of Management Development, 27, 708-726. doi:10.1108/02621710810883616
15. Fairholm, G. W. (2011). Real leadership: How spiritual values give leadership meaning. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger.
16. Fernandez, S. (2008). Examining the effects of leadership behavior on employee perceptions of performance and job satisfaction. Public Performance and Management Review, 32, 175-205. doi:10.2753/PMR1530-9576320201
17. Flowers, L. A., & Moore, J. L. III (2008). Unraveling the composition of academic leadership in higher education: Exploring administrative diversity at 2-year and 4-year institutions. Journal of Thought, 43(3), 71-81, 126-127. doi:10.2307/jthought.43.3-4.71
18. Hamidifar, F. (2009). A study of the relationship between leadership styles and employee job satisfaction at Islamic Azad University branches in Tehran, Iran. AU-GSB-e-Journal, 3(1), 45-58.
19. Ho, J. S. Y., Fie, D. Y. G., Ching, P. W., & Ooi, K. B. (2009). Relationship between the full-range leadership and insurance salesperson’s job satisfaction. International Journal of Business and Management Science, 2(1), 43-60.
20. Kouzes, J. M., & Posner, B. Z. (2007). The leadership challenge (4th ed.). San Francisco, CA: John Wiley and Sons.
21. Krishnaveni, R., & Anitha, J. (2007). Educators’ professional characteristics. Quality Assurance in Education, 15(2), 149-161.
22. Long, C. S., & Thean, L. Y. (2011). Relationship between leadership style, job satisfaction and employees’ turnover intention: A literature review. Research Journal of Business Management, 5, 91-100. doi:10.3923/rjbm.2011.91.100
23. MaJesus, F. S., & Mercedes, T. A. (2010). Competencies of graduates as an indicator of external quality assurance in universities. Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, 10(3), 77-91.
24. McShane, S. L., & Von Glinow, M. A. (2005). Organizational behavior (3rd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
25. Menon, M. E. (2013). The relationship between transformational leadership, perceived leader effectiveness and teachers’ job satisfaction. Journal of Educational Administration, 52, 509-528. doi:10.1108/JEA-01-2013-0014.
26. Ministry of Education Malaysia. (2015). Malaysia education blueprint 2013-2025. Retrieved from http://www.moe.gov.my/en/pelan-pembangunan-pendidikan-malaysia-2013-2025
27. Mosadeghrad, A. M., & Yarmohammadian, M. H. (2006). A study of relationship between managers’ leadership style and employees’ job satisfaction. Leadership in Health Services, 19(2), 11-28. doi:10.1108/13660750610665008
28. Noordin, F., & Jusoff, K. (2009). Levels of job satisfaction amongst Malaysian academic staff. Asian Social Science, 5(5), 122-128. doi:10.5539/ass.v5n5p122
29. Northouse, P. G. (2007). Leadership theory and practice (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
30. Otara, A. (2015). Academic dean and the challenges of meeting changing expectations within a competitive higher education environment in Africa. Creative Education, 6, 134-143. doi:10.4236/ce.2015.62012
31. Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational behavior (15th ed.). London, England: Pearson.
32. Sabharwal, M., & Corley, E. A. (2009). Faculty job satisfaction across gender and discipline. The Social Science Journal, 46, 539-556. doi:10.1016/j.soscij.2009.04.015
33. Siddique, A., Hassan, D. A., Khan, M., & Fatima, U. (2011). Impact of academic leadership on facultys’ motivation, and organizational effectiveness in higher education system. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(8), 184-191.
34. Sosik, J. J. (2006). Full rage leadership: Model, research, extensions, and training. In R. J. Burke & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), Inspiring leaders (pp. 33-66). New York, NY: Routledge.
35. Sternberg, R. J. (2013, September). Leadership styles for academic administrators: What works when? Change, 45, 24. Retrieved from ProQuest Journals database. (UMI No. 1678885112)
36. Storen, L. A., & Aamodt, P. O. (2010). The quality of higher education and employability of graduates. Quality in Higher Education, 16, 297-313. doi:10.1080/13538322.2010.506726.
37. Tahir, L., Abdullah, T., Ali, F., & Daud, K. (2014). Academic transformational leadership: an investigation of heads of department leadership behaviors in Malaysian public universities. Educational Studies, 40, 473-495. doi:10.1080/03055698.2014.932272
38. Thacker, R. A., & Holl, K. B. (2008). Behaviorally-based management training: linking behaviors to employees’ satisfaction. Industrial and Commercial Training, 40, 102-108. doi:10.1108/00197850810858947
39. Warrick, D. D. (2011). The urgent need for skilled transformational leaders: integrating transformational leadership and organization development. Journal of Leadership, Accountability and Ethics, 8(5), 11-26.
40. Waters, M. A., & Bardoel, E. A. (2006). Work-family policies in the context of higher education: useful or symbolic? Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 44(1), 67-82. doi:10.1177/1038411106061510
41. Wells, J. E., & Peachey, J. W. (2011). Turnover intentions: do leadership behaviors and satisfaction with the leader matter? Team Performance Management, 17(1/2), 23-40. doi:10.1108/13527591111114693
42. Yiing, L. H., & Ahmad, K. Z. (2009). The moderating effects of organizational culture on the relationships between leadership behavior and organizational commitment and between organizational commitment and job satisfaction and performance. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 30(1), 53-86. doi:10.1108/01437730910927106
43. Yulk, G. (2006). Leadership in organizations (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
44. Zikmund, W. G., Babin, B. J., Carr, J. C., & Griffin, M. (2013). Business research methods (9th ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western. |
This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. |