Pembinaan dan penilaian instrumen ujian aptitud kemasukan ke Institut Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia

Mohamed Zulkifley, Lebar Othman, Shamsuddin Shahrizal,

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Artikel ini membincangkan pembinaan dan penilaian instrumen Ujian Aptitud (UA) yang digunakan bagi kemasukan ke program Sarjana Muda, Institut Pengajian Tinggi (IPT) Malaysia. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan reka bentuk pembangunan penyelidikan yang melibatkan kaedah tinjauan digunakan dalam kajian ini. Pembinaan instrumen UA adalah berdasarkan model Benson dan Clark. Instrumen UA yang dibina terdiri daripada atribut taakulan matematik yang dikenal pasti melalui penelitian karya. Instrumen UA dinilai oleh enam orang pakar dalam bidang matematik, statistik, bahasa dan pentaksiran pendidikan dan diuji ke atas sampel kajian. Kesahan soalan UA dinilai berdasarkan Nisbah Kesahan Kandungan (NKK) manakala pekali Kuder Richardson (KR20) digunakan bagi menilai kebolehpercayaan. Sampel yang menjadi subjek kajian dipilih menggunakan kaedah pensamplean berstrata terdiri daripada 270 pelajar Sijil Tinggi Persekolahan Malaysia (STPM), Matrikulasi dan Diploma yang memasuki salah sebuah IPT tempatan. Kajian yang dilakukan berjaya membina instrumen UA yang mengandungi 15 soalan algebra, 13 soalan analisis data dan kebarangkalian, 13 soalan nombor dan operasi, dan 16 soalan geometri dan pengukuran. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa 91 peratus soalan memenuhi kesahan kandungan dengan NKK melebihi .67. Ujian kebolehpercayaan terhadap soalan yang dibina mendapat nilai KR20 pada julat .80 dan .93, manakala nilai KR20 bagi keseluruhan soalan adalah .87. Kesimpulannya, kajian yang dijalankan berjaya membina dan menilai instrumen UA bagi kemasukan ke IPT. Implikasinya, instrumen UA yang dibina sesuai digunakan sebagai salah satu kaedah penilaian kemasukan ke IPT dan boleh diperluas penggunaannya kepada agensi-agensi yang menawarkan pembiayaan pengajian dalam memilih set pelajar yang terbaik.

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