UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membentuk model pengurusan bekalan air domestik
berkualiti semasa banjir di Pusat Pemindahan Sementara (PPS), Jajahan Kuala Krai. Pendekatan
digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Reka bentuk kajian adalah penerokaan dengan pencerapan sampel air dan
soal selidik. Penilaian kualiti air melibatkan air telaga, air banjir dan air hujan berdasarkan
Indeks Kualiti Air yang ditetapkan oleh Jabatan Alam Sekitar. Parameter yang digunakan adalah
oksigen terlarut, keperluan oksigen biokimia, keperluan oksigen kimia, ammonia nitrogen, pepejal
terampai, pH, kekeruhan, nitrat, ferum, magnesium, kalsium, kuprum dan bakteria Escherichia Coli.
Sampel air dikutip dua kali iaitu bulan Disember 2016 hingga Januari 2017 dan Mei hingga Jun 2017.
Seramai 300 orang responden dipilih melalui kaedah pensampelan rawak daripada ketua isi rumah
penduduk terlibat banjir. Analisis pemetaan iaitu data query, locational dan proximity analysis,
map overlay dan pemilihan tapak bagi penentuan lokasi PPS dan lokasi sumber air menggunakan
perisian ArcGIS 10.1. Analisis kuantitatif melibatkan analisis deskriptif dan inferens. Adaptasi
Pelan Keselamatan Air (PKA), WHO digunakan dalam pembentukan model. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan
kualiti air bagi telaga dan banjir berada pada Kelas III, berstatus sederhana tercemar dan
memerlukan proses rawatan sepenuhnya untuk tujuan minuman. Sedangkan air hujan berada pada Kelas
II, berstatus bersih dan memerlukan beberapa proses rawatan biasa untuk tujuan air minuman.
Dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan kecenderungan responden menggunakan air hujan (Min=4.35, SP=0.417)
adalah lebih tinggi berbanding air banjir (Min=4.27, SP=0.352) dan air telaga (Min=3.93, SP=0.572).
Model pengurusan bekalan air domestik berkualiti semasa bencana banjir yang dibangunkan melibatkan
tujuh aspek penting iaitu risiko, sistem bekalan air sedia ada, pencarian sumber air, penilaian
kualiti air, sistem pengagihan, kaedah rawatan air dan penggunaan mengikut tiga jenis sumber air
yang boleh dimanfaatkan. Kesimpulannya, air hujan adalah sumber air alternatif yang boleh menjadi
sumber air minuman semasa banjir berlaku. Implikasi kajian ini dapat digunakan oleh agensi kerajaan
bagi meningkatkan kecekapan pengurusan bantuan
bekalan air domestik berkualiti di Malaysia.
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