Construction, validity and reliability of pre university students stress inventory

Norhisham Abdul Razak

Abstract

The study aims to build, and acquire content validity and reliability of Pre University Students Stress Inventory. The Pre University Students Stress Inventory’s questionnaires aim at measuring the stress that students at the Foundation Level, Matriculation, Form Six and Pre University students in all Public Universities and Private Institutions of Higher Learning Suffer. Its theoretical basic is based on the theory of Reality by William Glasser (1965). It contains 42 items divided into 5 subscales. These subscales are categorized as follows: subscale 1, the desire for survival, sub-scale 2, the sense of belonging, sub-scale 3 is the desire for power, sub-scale 4 is the desire for freedom and sub-scale 5 is the desire for pleasure. Pre-University Students Stress Inventory content validity was assessed by 7 experts consisting of five lectures and two counselors. The pilot study involved 50 subjects made up of students at a Matriculation College as samples to check for reliability and validity.. Reliability value is .820 while the validity value is 0885 (88.5%). With these readings of the instrument’s reliability and validity, this study has been able to come up with a Pre-University Students Stress Inventory for use in the field of psychology in Malaysia.

References

1. Agolla, J. & Ongori, H. (2009). An Assessment Of Academic Stress Among Undergraduate Students : The case of University of Botswana. Educational Research and Review, 4(2): 60-70. 2. Angela, M. (2009). Stress Definition. http://dying.about.com/od/glossary/g/stress.htm 3. Asmawati, D. (2006). Academic Stress And Reactions To Stressors Among Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia students. Jurnal Personalia Pelajar, bil. 9 (Jun): 78-89. 4. Azhar M. Z. (2002). 35% Pelajar Alami Tekanan Perasaan. Berita Harian : 6 Mac.12. 5. Ball, J., Sharifah, M. S. M. and Mosselle, K. (1999a). Help-Seeking Psychological Problem among Malay College Students, 79-90. Dlm. Mohammad Haji-Yusuf and Abdul Halim Othman (peny.). Afro-Asia Psychology: Clinical, Counseling and Physiological Perspectives. Bangi :UKM. 6. Deckro, G. R., Ballinger, K.M., Hoyt, M. H., Ilcher, M., Dusek, Myers, P., Greenberg, B.,Rosenthal, D.S. and Benson, H. (2002). The Evalua tion of Mind, Body Intervention To Reduce Psychological Distress and Perceived Stress In College Students. Journal of Americn College Health. 50(6).281-287. 7. Ferlis, B., Balan, R. dan Rosnah, I. (2009). Sumber Stres, Strategi Daya Tindak Dan Stres Yang Dialami Pelajar Universiti. Jurnal Kemanusiaan, 13: 46-62. Kamus Dewan (2005). Kuala Lumpur : DBP. 8. Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size For Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30: 607-610 9. Landis, J. R., & Koch, G. G. (1977). The Measurement Of Observer Agreement For Categorical Data. Biometrics, 33(1), 159-174. 10. Lessard, J.J., (1998). Adolescent Stress an Workload: From Bamboo Seed to Flying. Guidance & Counseling. 14: 15-19. 11. MacGeorge, E.L., Samter, W., & Gillihan, . J. ( 2005). Academic Stress, Supportive Communication, And Health. Communication Education, 54: 365-372 12. Najeemah, M. Y. (2005). Stres Pelajar Dan Hubungannya Dengan Keputusan Peperiksaan Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Tingkatan Lima Di Sungai Petani, Kedah. Prosiding Persidangan Psikologi Malaysia 2005. 13. Pfeiffer, D. (2001). Academic And Environmental Stress Among Undergraduate And Graduate College Students : A Literature Review. Unpublish Research Paper: University of Wisconsin-Stout. 14. Redhwan, A.A.N., Sami, A.R., Karim, A.J., Chan, R. dan Zaleha, M. I. (2009). Stress And Coping Strategies Among Management And Science University Students: A Qualitative Study. The International Medical Journal, 8 (2): 11-15. 15. Romas, J.A. and Sharma, M. (2004). Practical Stress Management: A Comprehensive Workbook For Managing Health and Promoting Health . 3rd edition. Pearson : Benjamin Cummings. 16. Shaher, H. (2009). Stressor And Reactions To Stressors Among University Students.International Social Psychiatry,October 15, 1-12. 17. Glasser, W. (1965). Reality Therapy. A New Approach To Psychiatry. New York: Harper & Row 18. Wright, J.J. (1967), Reported Personal Stress Sources And Adjustment Of Entering Freshmen,Journal Of Counseling Psychology, Vol. 14 No. 4, pp. 371-373 19. Towbes, L.C. and Cohen, L.H. (1996). Chronic Stress in the Lives of College Students: Scale Development and Perspective Prediction of Distress. Journal of Youth & Adolescence.25: 199-217.