UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : |
Teori Pengkelasan Umur Sebagai Kawalan Sosial Tidak-Formal menekankan kepentingan perkahwinan sebagai salah satu peristiwa hidup yang penting dan dapat mengubah keputusan individu bagi mengelakkan diri dari aktiviti jenayah. Kertas kajian ini telah bertitik tolak dari sebuah kajian doktor falsafah yang mengkaji tentang pengulangan jenayah yang berlaku dalam kalangan bekas banduan di Malaysia. Hasil kajian doktor falsafah tersebut telah mendapati bahawa rata-rata bekas banduan terus memilih hidup bujang akibat kesukaran memasuki alam perkahwinan. Perkahwinan bukan lagi menjadi perkara utama yang ingin dikecapi sepanjang dibebaskan. Ianya berbeza dengan andaian Sampson dan Laub yang meletakkan perkahwinan sebagai institusi terpenting yang mampu membentuk kawalan sosial tidak-formal dalam kalangan individu. Andaian Sampson dan Laub tentang institusi perkahwinan sebagai suatu trajektori yang baik di dalam kehidupan dan mampu mengubah tingkah laku jenayah menerusi ikatan kawalan sosial yang dibentuk bersama pasangan ternyata tidak berlaku dengan mudah. Kajian ini telah mengunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan menemubual 19 orang bekas banduan yang dikenalpasti menerusi teknik persampelan bola salji. Hasil dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa hanya 4 orang bekas banduan sahaja yang berjaya memasuki alam perkahwinan, manakala 14 orang selebihnya terus memilih untuk hidup secara bujang dan seorang mempunyai pasangan kekasih. Berdasarkan dapatan kajian lalu memasuki alam perkahwinan adalah sangat sukar dan bukanlah suatu yang sering berlaku dalam kalangan bekas banduan ini. Maka dengan itu, alam perkahwinan tidak dapat diletakkan sebagai insitusi yang penting dalam peristiwa hidup seperti apa yang ditekankan di dalam Teori Pengkelasan Umur sebagai Kawalan Sosial Tidak-Formal. Kegagalan terbesar bekas banduan memasuki alam perkahwinan apabila penyakit HIV/AIDS yang dihidapi menyukarkan mereka untuk diterima oleh pasangan hidup. Dapatan awal kajian memperlihatkan bahawa kebanyakan bekas banduan berstatus bujang dan gagal menemui pasangan selepas dibebaskan ke dalam kehidupan berkomuniti disebabkan oleh halangan penyakit HIV/AIDS. Kajian cuba membuktikan bahawa institusi perkahwinan jelas tidak dapat dilalui oleh seluruh bekas banduan dan perkara ini tidak boleh dijadikan sebagai peristiwa hidup yang dapat mengubah tingkah laku jenayah dalam kalangan bekas banduan. |
References |
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