UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
Start | FAQ | About
Menu Icon

QR Code Link :

Type :thesis
Subject :GV Recreation Leisure
Main Author :Amril Md. Hashim
Title :Kesan latihan imageri video modeling pelbagai kelajuan terhadap prestasi servis Bola Tampar
Place of Production :Tanjong Malim
Publisher :Fakulti Sains Sukan dan Kejurulatihan
Year of Publication :2018
Corporate Name :Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
PDF Guest :Click to view PDF file

Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
Kajian ini bertujuan melihat kesan latihan imageri video modeling pelbagai kelajuan terhadap prestasi servis bola tampar dalam kalangan pemain-pemain bola tampar perempuan bawah 15 tahun di  daerah Klang. Kajian ini menyelidiki bagaimana tiga kelajuan imageri yang berbeza memberi kesan  terhadap dua teknik servis dalam permainan bola tampar iaitu servis bawah tangan dan servis atas  tangan. Seramai 45 orang pemain bola tampar telah dipilih dan diletakkan dalam salah satu daripada  tiga kumpulan imageri (gerak pantas, gerak sebenar dan gerak perlahan). Pemain melakukan penilaian  servis sebanyak dua kali (ujian pra dan ujian pasca). Instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian ini  ialah borang soal selidik imageri pergerakan (MIQ-R), video modeling, audio imageri serta borang  rekod percubaan servis. Dapatan kajian berdasarkan ujian t bersandar yang dijalankan telah  menunjukkan bahawa terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan antara ujian pra dan ujian pasca dalam  ketiga-tiga kumpulan imageri bersama video modelling iaitu gerak pantas [servis bawah (t=-5.228,  p

References

 

AAHPER skill test manual: volleyball, (1969). Clayton shay, test consultant, Washington

D.C American alliance for health, Physical education and  recreation.

 

Abma, C.L., Fry, M.D., Li, Y., & Relyea, G. (2002). Differences in imagery content and imagery 

ability between high and low confident track and field athletes. Journal of Applied Sport 

Psychology, 14, 67-75.

 

Adashevskiy, V. M., Iermakov, S. S., Korzh, N. V., Muszkieta, R., Krzysztof, P., & Cieślicka,M. 

(2014). Biomechanical study athletes’ movement techniques in the hurdles (on example of phase of 

flight).

 

Ahsen,  A.  (1984).  ISM:  The  Triple  Code  Model  for  imagery   and psychophysiology. Journal 

Of mental imagery.

 

Ay, K., Halaweh, R., & Al-Taieb, M. (2013). The Effect of Movement Imagery Training on Learning 

Forearm Pass in Volleyball.Education, 134(2), 227-239.

 

Bandura, A. (1986). Social Cognitive Theory. Englewood Cliffs, 1967; 8: 287–92. Bandura, A. (1977). 

Social learning theory Englewood Cliffs.

 

Barzouka, K., Bergeles, N., & Hatziharistos, D. (2007). Effect of simultaneous model observation 

and self-modeling of volleyball skill acquisition. Perceptual and motor skills, 104(1), 32-42.

 

Beilock, S. L., & Gonso, S. (2008). Putting in the mind versus putting on the green: Expertise, 

performance time, and the linking of imagery and action. The Quarterly journal of experimental 

psychology, 61(6), 920-932.

 

Betts, G. H. (1909). The distribution and functions of mental imagery (No. 26). Teachers College, 

Columbia University.

 

Boyer, E., Miltenberger, R. G., Batsche, C., Fogel, V., & LeBlanc, L. (2009). Video modeling by 

experts with video feedback to enhance gymnastics skills. Journal of applied behavior analysis, 

42(4), 855-860.

 

Brewer, W. F., & Schommer-Aikins, M. (2006). Scientists are not deficient in mental

imagery: galton revised. Review of General Psychology, 10(2), 130.

 

 

Buck, D. J., Hutchinson, J. C., Winter, C. R., & Thompson, B. A. (2016). The Effects of

Mental Imagery with Video-Modeling on Self-Efficacy and Maximal Front Squat Ability. Sports, 4(2), 

23.

 

Carpenter, C. B. (1894). Principles of mental physiology (4th ed.). New York, NY: Appleton.

 

Castro, J., Souza, A., & Mesquita, I. (2011). Attack efficacy in volleyball: elite male teams. 

Perceptual and motor skills, 113(2), 395-408.

 

Chua, Y. P. (2006). Kaedah dan Statistik Penyelidikan Buku 1.

 

Coelho, R. W., De Campos, W., Silva, S. G. D., Okazaki, F. H. A., & Keller, B. (2007).

Imagery     intervention     in     open     and     closed     tennis     motor     skill 

performance. Perceptual and motor skills, 105(2), 458-468.

 

Cohen,  J.  (1988).  Statistical  power  analysis  for  the  behavioral  sciences(2nd  ed.).

Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.

 

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2003). Research methods in education. London: 

RoutledgeFalmer.

 

Corbin, C. B. (1972). Mental practice. Ergogenic aids and muscular performance, 93- 118.

 

Cox,  T.  (1994). Cultural  diversity  in  organizations:  Theory,  research  and  practice.

Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

 

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. 

Sage publications.

 

Cumming, J., & Williams, S. E. (2013). Introducing the revised applied model of deliberate imagery 

use for sport, dance, exercise, and rehabilitation. Movement & Sport Sciences, (4), 69-81.

 

Debarnot, U., Louis, M., Collet, C., & Guillot, A. (2011). How does motor imagery speed affect 

motor performance times? Evaluating the effects of task specificity. Applied cognitive psychology, 

25(4), 536-540.

 

Denis, M. (1985). Visual imagery and the use of mental practice in the development of motor skills. 

Canadian journal of applied sport sciences. Journal canadien des

sciences appliquees au sport, 10(4), 4S-16S.

 

Driediger,  M.,  Hall,  C.,  &  Callow,  N.  (2006).  Imagery  use  by  injured  athletes:  a

qualitative analysis. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(3), 261-272.

 

Drikos, S., Kountouris, P., Laios, A., & Laios, Y. (2009). Correlates of team performance in 

volleyball. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 9(2), 149-156.

 

Elftmann, J. M. (2012). The effectiveness of serve location in Division 1 women's volleyball 

(Doctoral dissertation).

 

Farah, M. J., & Kosslyn, S. M. (1981). Structure and strategy in image

generation. Cognitive Science, 5(4), 371-383.

 

Faulkner, L. (2003). Beyond the five-user assumption: Benefits of increased sample sizes

in usability testing. Behavior Research Methods, 35(3), 379-383.

 

Faw, B. (1997). Outlining a brain model of mental imaging abilities. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral 

Reviews, 21(3), 283-288.

 

Faw, B. (2009). Conflicting intuitions may be based on differing abilities: Evidence from mental 

imaging research. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 16(4), 45-68.

 

Feltz, D. L., & Landers, D. M. (1983). The effects of mental practice on motor skill learning and 

performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of sport psychology, 5(1), 25-57.

 

Forlenza, S. T., Weinberg, R. S., & Horn, T. S. (2013). Imagery Speed and Self-Efficacy: How Fast 

(or Slow) To Go?. International Journal of Golf Science, 2(2), 126-141.

 

Fournier, J. F., Deremaux, S., & Bernier, M. (2008). Content, characteristics and function of 

mental images. Psychology of sport and exercise, 9(6), 734-748.

 

Galton, F. (1880). Statistics of mental imagery. Mind, 5(19), 301-318.

 

Galton, F. (1883). Inquiries into the human faculty & its development. JM Dent and Company.

 

Gay, L. R. dan Diehl, PL 1992. Research Methods for Business and. Management, MacMillan Publishing 

Company, New York.

 

Gay, L. R., Mills, G.E., & Airasian P. (2009). Educational research competencies for analysis and 

application (6th ed.) New Jersey: Pearson Educational, Inc.

 

Gay, L. R., & Airasian, P. (2000). Educational research: Competencies for analysis and

experience

 

Goodson, J., Sigafoos, J., O’Reilly, M., Cannella, H., & Lancioni, G. E. (2007).

Evaluation of a video-based error correction procedure for teaching a domestic

skill to individuals with developmental disabilities. Research in developmental

disabilities, 28(5), 458-467.

 

Gregg, M., Hall, C., & Nederhof, E. (2005). The imagery ability, imagery use, and

performance relationship. The Sport Psychologist, 19(1), 93-99.

 

Gregg, M., Hall, C., & Butler, A. (2007). The MIQ-RS: A suitable option for examining

movement imagery ability. eCAM, 7(2), 249-257

 

Guillot, A., & Collet, C. (2008). Construction of the motor imagery integrative model in

sport: a review and theoretical investigation of motor imagery use. International

Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(1), 31-44.

 

Guillot, A., Genevois, C., Desliens, S., Saieb, S., & Rogowski, I. (2012). Motor imagery

and placebo-racket effects’ in tennis serve performance. Psychology of Sport and

Exercise, 13(5), 533-540.

 

Guillot, A., Hoyek, N., Louis, M., & Collet, C. (2012). Understanding the timing of

motor imagery: recent findings and future directions. International Review of

Sport and Exercise Psychology, 5(1), 3-22.

 

H Shirazipour, C., J Munroe-Chandler, K., Loughead, T. M., & Vander Laan, A. G.

(2016). The Effect of Image Speed on Novice Golfers’ Performance in a Putting

Task. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 11(1), 13-24.

 

Hall, C., Pongrac, J., & Buckholz, E. (1985). The measurement of imagery

ability. Human Movement Science, 4(2), 107-118.

 

Hall, C. R., & Pongrac, J. (1983). Movement imagery: questionnaire. University of

Western Ontario Faculty of Physical Education.

 

Hall, C. R., Mack, D., Paivio, A., & Hausenblas, H. A. (1998). Imagery use by athletes:

Development of the Sport Imagery Questionnaire. International Journal of Sport

Psychology, 29, 73–89.

 

Hall, C.R. & Martin, K.A. (1997). Measuring movement imagery abilities: A revision Of

the Movement Imagery Questionnaire.Journal of Mental Imagery, 21,143-154.

 

Hardy,  L.,  &  Callow,  N.  (1999).  Efficacy  of  external  and  internal  visual  imagery

perspectives  for  the  enhancement  of  performance  on  tasks  in  which  form  is important. 

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 21(2), 95-112.

 

Harris, D. V., & Robinson, W. J. (1986). The effects of skill level on EMG activity during internal 

and external imagery. Journal of Sport Psychology, 8(2), 105-111.

 

Harvey, S., & Gittins, C. (2014). Effects of integrating video-based feedback into a Teaching Games 

for Understanding soccer unit. Agora para la educación física y el deporte, 16(3), 271-290.

 

Holmes, P. S., & Collins, D. J. (2001). The PETTLEP approach to motor imagery: A functional 

equivalence model for sport psychologists. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 13(1), 60-83.

 

lnternationale  de  Volleyball,  F.  (2012).  FIVB  official  volleyball  rules  2013-2016.

Retrieved 10/07/2014.

 

Jacobson, E. (1932). Electrophysiology of mental activities. The American Journal of Psychology, 

44(4), 677-694.

 

Jantan,  R.,  &  Razali,  M.  (2004). Psikologi  pendidikan:  pendekatan  kontemporari.

McGraw Hill.

 

Jenny, O., & Munroe-Chandler, K. J. (2008). The effects of image speed on the performance of a 

soccer task. The Sport Psychologist.

 

Jenny, O., & Hall, C. (2009). A quantitative analysis of athletes’ voluntary use of slow motion, 

real time, and fast motion images. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology.

 

Jenny, O., & Hall, C. R. (2013). A qualitative analysis of athletes’ voluntary image speed use. 

Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 8(1), 1-12.

 

Jenny, O., Munroe-Chandler, K. J., Hall, C. R., & Hall, N. D. (2014). Using motivational 

general-mastery imagery to improve the  self-efficacy  of  youth  squash players. Journal of 

Applied Sport Psychology.

 

Kearns, D. W., & Crossman, J. (1992). Effects of a cognitive intervention package on the free-throw 

 performance  of  varsity  basketball  players  during  practice  and

competition. Perceptual and motor skills, 75(3_suppl), 1243-1253.

 

 

Kernodle, M. W., McKethan, R. N., & Rabinowitz, E. (2008). Observational learning of

fly casting using traditional and virtual modeling with and without authority figure. Perceptual 

and motor skills, 107(2), 535-546.

 

Kosslyn, S. M. (1980). Image and mind. Harvard University Press.

 

Kosslyn,  S.  M.  (1994).  Image  and  brain,  the  resolution  of  the  imagery  debate.

Cambridge, MA: Bradford.

 

Lang, P. J. (1977). Imagery in therapy: An  information  processing  analysis  of fear. Behavior 

Therapy, 8(5), 862-886.

 

Lobietti, R., Coleman, S., Pizzichillo, E., & Merni, F. (2010). Landing techniques in volleyball. 

Journal of Sports Sciences, 28(13), 1469-1476.

 

Louis, M., Guillot, A., Maton, S., Doyon, J., & Collet, C. (2008). Effect of imagined movement 

speed on subsequent motor performance. Journal of motor behavior, 40(2), 117-132.

 

Louis, M., Collet, C., Champely, S., & Guillot, A. (2012). Differences in motor imagery time when  

predicting  task  duration  in  alpine  skiers  and  equestrian riders. Research quarterly for 

exercise and sport, 83(1), 86-93.

 

Louis, M., Collet, C., & Guillot, A. (2011). Differences in motor imagery times during aroused and 

relaxed conditions. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 23(3), 374-382.

 

Mackay, D. G. (1981). The problem of rehearsal or mental practice. Journal of motor behavior, 

13(4), 274-285.

 

Marcelino, R., Mesquita, I., Sampaio, J., & Moraes, J. C. (2010). Study of performance indicators 

in male volleyball according to the set results. Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte, 

24(1), 69-78.

 

Marks, D. F. (1973). Visual imagery differences in the recall of pictures. British journal of 

Psychology, 64(1), 17-24.

 

Marks, D. F. (1999). Consciousness, mental imagery and action. British journal of psychology, 

90(4), 567-585.

 

Martin, K. A., Moritz, S. E., & Hall, C. R. (1999). Imagery use in sport: A literature

review and applied model. The sport psychologist, 13(3), 245-268.

 

 

McCullagh,  P.,  &  Weiss,  M.  R.  (2001).  Modeling:  Considerations  for  motor  skill

performance and psychological responses. Handbook of sport psychology, 2, 205- 238.

 

McCullagh, P., & Weiss, M. R. (2002). Observational learning: The forgotten psychological method in 

sport psychology.

 

McGown, C., Fronske, H. A., & Moser, L. (2001). Coaching volleyball: building a winnin  team. Allyn 

and Bacon.

 

Mc Millan, J. H. (2008). Educational research: Fundamental for the consumer (5th ed.).

Pearson International Edition: Boston.

 

Miskin, M. A., Fellingham, G. W., & Florence, L. W. (2010). Skill Importance in Women's Volleyball. 

Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports, 6(2).

 

Morris, T. (1997). Psychological skills training in sport: An overview (2nd ed). Leeds:

National Coaching Foundation.

 

Morris, T., Spittle, M., & Watt, A. P. (2005). Imagery in sport. Human Kinetics.

 

Munroe, K. J., Giacobbi Jr, P. R., Hall, C., & Weinberg, R. (2000). The four Ws of imagery use: 

Where, when, why, and what. The Sport Psychologist, 14(2), 119- 137.

 

Munroe-Chandler, K., Hall, C., & Fishburne, G. (2008). Playing with confidence: The relationship 

between imagery use and self-confidence and self-efficacy in youth soccer players. Journal of 

sports sciences, 26(14), 1539-1546.

 

Munroe-Chandler, K. J., & Hall, C. (2016). Sport psychology interventions. In P. R.E. Crocker 

(Ed.), Sport and exercise psychology: A Canadian perspective, third Edition (pp. 169–198). Toronto, 

Ontario: Pearson Canada Inc.

 

Murphy, S. M., & Martin, K. A. (2002).The use of imagery insport. In T. S. Horn (Ed.), Advances in 

sport psychology (2ndedn., pp. 405 – 440). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

 

Neuman, B., & Gray, R. (2013). A direct comparison of the effects of imagery and action observation 

on hitting performance. Movement & Sport Sciences, (1), 11-21.

 

Nideffer, R. (1985). Athletes' guide to mental training. Human Kinetics Publishers.

 

 

Orlick, T. (2007). In pursuit of excellence (4th ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics

 

Paivio, A. (1985). Cognitive and motivational functions of imagery in human performance. Canadian 

journal of applied sport sciences. Journal canadien des sciences appliquées au sport, 10(4), 

22S-28S.

 

Paivio, A. (1971). Imagery and Verbal Processes, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, New York (Reprinted 

1979, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, New Jersey).

 

Palao, J. M., Santos, J. A., & Ureña, A. (2005). The effect of the setter's position on the spike 

in volleyball. Journal of Human Movement Studies, 48(1), 25-40.

 

Pallant, J. (2007). SPSS Survival Manual, 3rd Edition, Crows West, New South Wales.

 

Papageorgiou, A., & Spitzley, W. (2003). Handbook for competitive volleyball. Meyer & Meyer Verlag.

 

Perry, C., & Morris, T. (1995). Mental imagery in sport. Sport psychology: Theory, applications and 

issues, 339-385.

 

Piaw, C. Y. (2006). Kaedah dan Statistik Penyelidikan. Malaysia: Mc. Graw Hill Sdn Bhd.

 

Ram, N., & McCullagh, P. (2003). Self-modeling: Influence on psychological responses and physical 

performance. The Sport Psychologist, 17(2), 220-241.

 

Ram, N., Riggs, S. M., Skaling, S., Landers, D. M., & McCullagh, P. (2007). A comparison of 

modelling and imagery in the acquisition and retention of motor skills. Journal of Sports Sciences, 

25(5), 587-597.

 

Richardson, A. (1967). Mental practice: A review and discussion part II. Research Quarterly. 

American Association for Health,  Physical  Education  and Recreation, 38(2), 263-273.

 

Richardson,  A.   (1964).   Has   mental   practice   any   relevance   to physiotherapy?. 

Physiotherapy, 50, 148-151.

 

Roosink, M., & Zijdewind, I. (2010). Corticospinal excitability during observation and imagery of 

simple and complex hand tasks: implications for motor rehabilitation. Behavioural brain research, 

213(1), 35-41.

 

Rushall, B. S. (1995). Mental skills training for sports. Spring Valley, CA: Sports Science

Associates.

 

Ryan, E. D., & Simons, J. (1983). What is learned in mental practice of motor skills: A

test of the cognitive-motor hypothesis. Journal of Sport Psychology, 5(4), 419- 426.

 

Sackett, R. S. (1934). The influence of symbolic rehearsal upon the retention of a maze habit. The 

Journal of General Psychology, 10(2), 376-398.

 

Scates, A.E. (1984).  Winning volleyball (3rd ed.).  Newton, MA: Allyn and Bacon, Inc

 

Schunk, D. H., Hanson, A. R., & Cox, P. D. (1987). Peer-model attributes and children's achievement 

behaviors. Journal of Educational Psychology, 79(1), 54.

 

Shaffer, D. (2000) Social and Personality Development (4th Ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thompson 

Learning.

 

Short, S. E., Bruggeman, J. M., Engel, S. G., Marback, T. L., Wang, L. J., Willadsen, A.,

& Short, M. W. (2002). The effect of imagery function and imagery direction on self-efficacy  and  

performance  on  a  golf-putting  task. The  Sport Psychologist, 16(1), 48-67.

 

Short, S. E., Ross-Stewart, L., & Monsma, E. V. (2006). Onwards with the evolution of imagery 

research in sport psychology. Athletic Insight, 8(3), 47-63.

 

Short, S. E., Zostautas, N., & Monsma, E. V. (2012). The use of imagery by successful hockey 

players: A comparison among skill levels.

 

Smith, D., & Wakefield, C. (2013). A timely review of a key aspect of motor imagery: a commentary 

on Guillot et al.(2012). Frontiers in human neuroscience, 7.

 

Smith, D., Wright, C. J., & Cantwell, C. (2008). Beating the bunker: The effect of PETTLEP imagery 

on golf bunker shot performance. Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 79(3), 385-391.

 

Simonsmeier, B. A., & Buecker, S. (2017). Interrelations of imagery use, imagery ability, and 

performance in young athletes. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 29(1), 32-43.

 

Spyridakis, J. H., & Fisher, J. R. (1992). Usability testing in technical communication: The    

application    of    true    experimental    designs    (pp.    469-72). Technical

Communication.

 

 

Ste-Marie, D. M., Vertes, K., Rymal, A. M., & Martini, R. (2011). Feedforward self-

modeling    enhances    skill    acquisition    in    children    learning    trampoline

skills. Frontiers in psychology, 2.

 

Stanescu, M., & Stoicescu, M. (2012, January). New Competencies for Physical Education Teachers: 

Software for Movement Analysis. In The International Scientific Conference eLearning and Software 

for Education (Vol. 1, p. 561). " Carol I" National Defence University.

 

Taylor, J., & Wilson, G. S. (2005). Applying sport psychology: four perspectives. Human Kinetics.

 

Trout, J. (2013). Digital Movement Analysis in Physical Education. Journal of Physical Education, 

Recreation & Dance, 84, 47-50.

 

Turner, C. W., Lewis J. R., & Nielsen, J. (2006). Determining usability test sample size.

In Karwowski, W. & Raton, B., (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of ergonomics and human factors, 

Second Edition, Vol. 3.

 

Ungerleider, S. (2005). Mental training for peak performance: Top athletes reveal the mind 

exercises they use to excel. Rodale.

 

Vealey, R.S., & Greenleaf, C.A. (2009). Seeing is believing: Understanding and using imagery in 

sport. In J.M. Williams (Ed.), Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance (6th 

ed., pp. 267–304). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

 

Vealey, R.S., & Greenleaf, C.A.(1998). Seeing is believing: Understanding and using imagery in 

sport. In J.M, Williams (Ed.), Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance (3rd 

ed., pp,237-269). Mountain View, CA: Mayfield.

 

Vealey, R. S., & Greenleaf, C. A. (2001). Seeing is believing: Understanding and using imagery in 

sport. In J. M. Williams, (Ed.), Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peakperformance (pp. 

247-283). Mountain View, CA.: Mayfield Publishing Co.

 

Viera, B. L., & Ferguson, B. J. (1989). Volleyball. Steps to Success. Leisure Press, Box

5076, Champaign, IL 61825-5076.

 

 

Wakefield, C., Smith, D., Moran, A. P., & Holmes, P. (2013). Functional equivalence or behavioural 

matching? A critical reflection on 15 years of research using the PETTLEP model of motor imagery. 

International Review of Sport and Exercise

Psychology, 6(1), 105-121.

 

Weinberg,  R.  (2008).  Does  imagery  work?  Effects  on  performance  and  mental

skills. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 3(1), 1-21.

 

Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2011).Foundations of sport and exercise psychology (5th ed.). 

Champaign,IL: Human Kinetics.

 

Weinberg, R.S. (1982). The relationship between mental preparation strategies and motor 

performance: A review and critique. Quest, 33, 728-734.

 

Williams, S. E., Cumming, J., & Edwards, M. G. (2011). The functional equivalence between movement 

imagery, observation, and execution influences imagery ability. Research Quarterly for Exercise and 

Sport, 82(3), 555-564.

 

Williams, S. E., & Cumming, J. (2012). Athletes’ ease of imaging predicts their imagery and 

observational learning use. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(4), 363- 370.

 

Weiss, M. R., McCullagh, P., Smith, A. L., & Berlant, A. R. (1998). Observational learning and the 

fearful child: Influence of peer models on swimming skill performance and psychological responses. 

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 69(4), 380-394.

 

Yusop Ahmad, Nur Haziyanti Mohamad Khalid, & Philip, T. G. (2012). Kesan Latihan Imageri Modaliti 

Ke Atas Prestasi Kemahiran Servis Atas Kepala Permainan Bola Tampar. Jurnal Sains Sukan dan 

Pendidikan Jasmani ISSN 2232-1926 / Mei 2012/ (82-88)

 

Zetou, E., Moustakidis, A., Tsigilis, N., & Komninakidou, A. (2007). Does effectiveness of skill in 

Complex I predict win in men's Olympic volleyball games?. Journal of

Quantitative Analysis in Sports, 3(4).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials.
You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research.

Back to previous page

Installed and configured by Bahagian Automasi, Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
If you have enquiries, kindly contact us at pustakasys@upsi.edu.my or 016-3630263. Office hours only.