UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan modul pembelajaran berasaskan projek yang
diintegrasikan dengan konsep Sains, Teknologi, Kejuruteraan dan Matematik (Modul PRO-STEM) dalam
topik Biodiversiti dan Ekosistem serta mengkaji kesannya terhadap kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi
(KBAT) dan kemahiran abad ke-21. Kajian ini menggunakan kajian reka kuasi eksperimen bagi menilai
keberkesanan modul. Pembangunan modul PRO-STEM adalah berpandukan Model Pembangunan Modul Sidek.
Modul PRO-STEM yang dibangunkan mempunyai kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan yang baik dengan indeks
kebolehpercayaan alfa Cronbach sebanyak 0.92. Kajian keberkesanan modul terhadap KBAT dan kemahiran
abad ke-21 dijalankan di sebuah sekolah menengah di daerah Batang Padang, Perak. Sampel kajian
melibatkan seramai 63 orang murid yang dipilih secara rawak kelompok, 33 daripadanya dalam kumpulan
rawatan manakala lagi 30 orang murid berada dalam kumpulan kawalan. Kumpulan rawatan menjalani
proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) dengan menggunakan Modul PRO-STEM manakala kumpulan
kawalan pula menjalani PdP secara konvensional selama tujuh minggu. Ujian pra dan pasca KBAT serta
kemahiran abad ke-21 ditadbirkan kepada kedua-dua kumpulan rawatan dan kawalan. Keputusan analisis
ujian-t sampel bebas mendapati tiada perbezaan yang signifikan dari segi skor min ujian pra KBAT
antara kumpulan kawalan dengan kumpulan rawatan (t(61)=-1.44, p=0.89). Walaubagaimanapun, keputusan
analisis ujian-t sampel untuk ujian pasca KBAT menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan antara
kumpulan rawatan dengan kumpulan kawalan [t(61)=-2.61, p=0.01]. Ujian-t sampel bebas bagi ujian pra
kemahiran abad ke-21 menunjukkan tiada perbezaan yang signifikan antara kumpulan kawalan dengan
kumpulan rawatan (t(61)=0.78, p=0.44), manakala bagi ujian pasca kemahiran abad ke-21, kumpulan
rawatan menunjukkan peningkatan yang lebih baik berbanding dengan kumpulan kawalan (t(61)=-6.00,
p=0.00). Kesimpulannya, penggunaan Modul PRO-STEM dalam PdP dapat meningkatkan KBAT dan kemahiran
abad ke-21 dalam kalangan murid dengan signifikan. Implikasinya, pendekatan pembelajaran berasaskan
projek yang disepadukan dengan konsep STEM boleh digunakan sebagai salah satu pendekatan PdP bagi
meningkatkan lagi kefahaman murid dalam mata pelajaran Sains.
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