UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
| Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji penggunaan Kaedah Model Bar dalam membantu murid Tahun Lima
menyelesaikan masalah matematik berbentuk Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi (KBAT). Aspek pertama yang
dikaji adalah keupayaan sedia ada murid dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematik berbentuk KBAT. Aspek
kedua yang dikaji adalah keberkesanan Kaedah Model Bar dalam membantu murid Tahun
Lima menyelesaikan masalah matematik berbentuk KBAT. Aspek ketiga yang dikaji adalah persepsi
murid Tahun Lima terhadap soalan penyelesaian masalah matematik berbentuk KBAT
setelah diperkenalkan dengan Kaedah Model Bar. Kaedah kuasi- eksperimen digunakan dalam
kajian ini. Seramai 70 orang murid Tahun Lima dari sebuah sekolah rendah di Daerah
Kinta, Perak terlibat di dalam kajian ini. Analisis data kuantitatif adalah statistik
deskiptif dan statistik inferensi (ujian-t). Analisis kualitatif melibatkan data daripada
temu bual. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan bahawa min markah Ujian Pasca melebihi min Ujian
Pra secara signifikan bagi murid kumpulan kawalan. Min markah Ujian Pasca murid kumpulan
rawatan juga mengatasi min markah Ujian Pasca murid kumpulan kawalan secara signifikan. Melalui
analisis temubual, didapati terdapat tiga faktor utama murid sukar menyelesaikan masalah
matematik berbentuk KBAT iaitu, tidak memahami soalan yang dikemukakan; tidak dapat memahami
kehendak soalan; dan tidak dapat menentukan apakah operasi yang sesuai untuk digunakan. Melalui
analisis soal selidik, didapati terdapat perubahan positif persepsi murid terhadap soalan
penyelesaian masalah matematik berbentuk KBAT selepas Kaedah Model Bar digunakan. Kesimpulannya,
murid yang mengikuti proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran Kaedah Model Bar menunjukkan
pencapaian yang lebih baik berbanding murid kumpulan kawalan serta mempunyai persepsi yang positif
terhadap soalan penyelesaian masalah matematik berbentuk KBAT. Implikasi kajian ini
menunjukkan penggunaan Kaedah Model Bar dapat membantu meningkatkan pencapaian
dan mengubah persepsi murid Tahun Lima terhadap soalan
penyelesaian masalah matematik berbentuk KBAT.
|
| References |
Abu Bakar Nordin (2013). Kurikulum Ke arah Penghasilan Kemahiran Berfikir Kritis, Kreatif dan Inovatif. Jurnal Kurikulum dan Pengajaran Asia Pasifik.,1, 10-18.
Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Ayub, Rohani Ahmad Tarmizi, Kamariah Abu Bakar & Aida Suraya Mohd Yunus. (2008). A Comparison Of Malaysian Secondary Students Perceived Ease Of Use And Usefulness Of Dynamic Mathematical Software. International Journal of Education And Information Technologies, 2, 194–201.
Aiken, L. R., & Groth-Marnat, G. (2008). Pengetesan dan Pemeriksaan Psikologi (Edisi Kedua Belas). Jakarta: PT Indeks.
Altman, D.G. (1991). Practical statistics for medical research. London: Chapman and Hall.
Anderson, L. W. & Krathwohl, D. R., et al (Eds..) (2001). A Taxonomy for Learning,Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. Allyn & Bacon. Boston, MA: Pearson Education Group.
Andy, F. (2009). Discovering Statistic Using SPSS (Third Edit.). Singapore: Sage Publications.
Bahagian Pengembangan Kurikulum (BPK). (2012). Higher Order Thinking Skills In Science And Mathematics (HOTSSM). Putrajaya: Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
Bahagian Pengembangan Kurikulum (BPK). (2013). Bahan Sumber Peningkatan Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi. Putrajaya: Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
Barry, G. (2006). Miracle math: A successful program from Singapore tests the limits of school reform in the suburbs. Educational Next, 6, 38-45.
Bereiter, C., & Scardamalia, M. (1987). An attainable version of high literacy: Approaches to teaching high-order skills in reading and writing. Curriculum Inquiry, 17, 9-30.
Berita Harian. (2014, 26 Nov). Kebocoran kertas soalan bukan faktor utama penurunan keputusan UPSR. Diperolehi dari http://www.bharian.com.my /node/19835.
Bloom, B., Englehart, M. Furst, E., Hill, W., & Krathwohl, D. (1956). Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals. Handbook I: Cognitive domain. New York, Toronto: Longmans, Green.
Budai, L. (2013). Improving Problem-Solving Skills with the Help of Plane-Space. CEPS Journal, 3, 79–99.
Burn, R.B. (1995). Introduction to Research Methods. Melbourne: Longman.
Chan Y.K., Ramlah Majid & Khadijah Noordin. (2015). Matematik Tahun 4 Sekolah Kebangsaan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Clark, A. (2010). Singapore math: a visual approach to word problems. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Education.
Creswell, J.W. (2002). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative approaches to research. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill/Pearson Education.
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Method Approaches (3rd Edition). California: Sage Publications.
Creswell, J. W. & Clark, V. L. P. (2011). Designing And Conducting Mixed Method Research (2nd Edition). California: Sage Publications.
Cris, P. (2004, December 13). As math skills slip, U.S. schools seek answers from Asia. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://www.wsj.com/articles /SB110288916514797758.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Cronbach, L.J. (1946). Response sets and test validity. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 6, 475-494.
Davies, J.A. (1971). Elementary survey analysis. New Jersey : Prentice Hall. Dillon, S. (2010, December 7). Top Test Scores from Shanghai Stun Educators. New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/07/education/07 education.html?_r=3&src=me&ref=homepage).
Drost, E. (2004). Validity and Reliability in Social Science Research. Education Research and Perspectives, 38, 105–123.
Fatin, Aliah Phang, Mohd Salleh Abu,Mohammad Bilal Ali & Salmiza, S. (2012). Faktor penyumbang kepada kemerosotan penyertaan pelajar dalam aliran Sains : Satu analisis sorotan tesis. MEDC 2012, 17.
George, D., & Paul, M. (2003). SPSS for Windows Step by Step (11th ed.). Retrieved from http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/385/394732/george4answers. pdf.
George, A.M., Nancy. L.L., Gene, W.G. & Karen, C.B (2013). SPSS for Introductory Statistics : Use and Intepretation. (Fitth Edition). New York : Routledge.
Gilligan, M.E. (2007). Traditional Versus Alternative Assesments : Which Type Do High School Teachers Perceive As Most Effective In The Assesment of Higher- Order Thinking Skills?. Tesis PhD. Saint Louis University.
Haladyna, T.M. (1997). Writing tests items to evaluate higher-order thinking. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Heong, T.L. (2005). Problem Solving Abilities and Strategies in Solving Multistep Mathematical Problems among Form 2 Students. Kertas Projek Sarjana. Universiti Malaya.
Hue, W. (2010, September 2010). Making Math Lessons as Easy as 1, Pause, 2, Pause.... The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/ 2010/10/01/ education /01math.html?_r=0.
John, H. & Barry, G. (2007). Singapore Math: Using the bar model approach, Singapore textbooks enable students to solve difficult math problems and learn how to think symbolically. Educational Leadership, 65, 38–21. Kamus Dewan (2007). Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat. Kuala Lumpur : Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Kamus Melayu-Inggeris Dewan. (2012). Kamus Melayu-Inggeris Dewan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (2010). Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah: Matematik. Kuala Lumpur : Pusat Perkembangan Kurikulum, Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia (KPM). (2012a). Laporan Awal Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025. Putrajaya: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia (KPM). (2012b). Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi dalam Sains dan Matematik (HOTsSM). Putrajaya: Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia (KPM). (2012c). Laporan Strategi Mencapai Dasar 60:40 Aliran Sains / Teknikal : Sastera. (Mahanom Mat Sam Ed.). Putrajaya: Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM). (2013b). Program Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi: Konsep KBAT. Putrajaya: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM). (2013c). Dokumen Standard Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran Matematik Tahun 4. Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum, Putrajaya: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Khairi Ariffin. (2000). Kemahiran berfikir secara kritis dalam pengajaran sejarah : Perspektif murid tingkatan empat di Teluk Intan. Tesis Sarjana, Universiti Malaya.
Kilpatrick, J. & Swafford, J. (2002). Helping children learn mathematics. Washington DC : National Academy Press.
King, F., Goodson, L., & Rohani, F. (2011). Higher order thinking skills: Definitions, strategies, assessment. Center for Advancement of Learning and Assessment. Tallahassee, FL; Florida State University.
Knake, L. (2011, December 12). Saginaw Township elementary schools implement hands-on Singapore math program. MLive (Grand Rapids, MI). Retrieved from http://www.mlive.com/news/saginaw/index.ssf/2011/12/saginaw_township_eleme nty_ sc.html.
Krathwohl, D.R. (2002). A revision of Bloom's Taxonomy : An overview. Theory Into Practice, 41(4), 212-218.
Krongthong Khairiree, (2011). Enhancing Students’ Understanding in Word Problems Through Bar Model Strategy. Internationnal College, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand.
Lay, Y. F., & Khoo, C. H. (2013). Pengenalan Kepada Pendekatan Kuantitatif Dalam Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Kota Kinabalu: Penerbit Universiti Malaysia Sabah.
Leinwand. S. (2009). Accessible matehmatics: 10 instructional shifts that raise student achievement. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemen.
Marin K.A. (2015). Modeling Whole Number Operations. Lesley University Summer Institute.
Marlina Ali. (2006). Tahap Penguasaan Kemahiran Berfikir Kritis di Kalangan Pelajar Pendidikan Fizik Merentasi Jantina. Buletin Persatuan Pendidikan Sains dan Matematik, 15, 1-12.
Marzita Puteh & Muhamad Hafizhuddin Abdul Rahman (2015). Are Under Achiever Pupils Motivated? : Learning Trigonometry Using Geogebra Learning Module. Istanbul 8th International Conference on "Business, Economics, Social Science & Humanities (BESSH 2016), Instanbul, Turki February 20-21.
Marzita Puteh, & Rohaidah Masri. (2006). Geometer Sketchpad: Penggunaannya dalam Pembelajaran Matematik Tambahan. Menanggapi Keberkesanan Dan Perubahan, 101–115.
Marzano, R.J., Brandt, R.S., Hughes, C.S., Jones, B.F., Presseisen, Rankin, C.S.& Suhor, C. (1988). Dimensions of Thinking A Framework for Curriculum and Instruction. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 703, 549- 9110.
McDaniel, C. & Gates, R. (2013) Marketing Research (International StudentVersion) (9th Ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
Merriem,S.B. (1998). Qualitative Research and Case Study Applications in Education. (2nd ed.).. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Miles, M.B. & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expended Sourcebook. (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, Califf: Sage.
Miri, B., David, B.C. & Uri, Z. (2007). Purposely Teaching for the Promotion of Higher order Thinking Skills: A Case of Critical Thinking. Research in Science Education, 37, 353–369.
Mohd Majid Konting. (1990). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa Dan Pustaka
Mohd Majid Konting. (1998). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Edisi Keempat. Kuala Lumpur : Dewan Bahasa Dan Pustaka.
Mohamad Najib Abdul Ghafar. (1999). Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Johor: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Murat, A. (2013). Technology Integration In The Mathematics Classroom And The Fatih Project. University of Maryland.
National Council for Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM). (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA : NCTM.
Nik Hartini Nik Latif. (2010). Kesediaan Guru Dalam Perlaksanaan Kemahiran Berfikir Dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Muzik Di Sekolah Rendah : Satu Kajian Kes. Tanjung Malim: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Noor Shah Saad. (2002). Teori dan Perkaedahan Matematik Siri 1. Petaling Jaya : Prentice Hall Pearson Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
Norizatul Azila Ab. Latip, (2009). Peranan Bahasa Dalam Penyelesaian Masalah Matematik Bukan Rutin Di Kalangan Pelajar Tingkatan 2. Masters thesis, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Norusis, M.J. (1977). SPSS/PC+ advanced statistics 4.0. SPSS, Gorinchem, UK.
Onosko, J. J, & Newmann, F. M. (1994). Creating More Thoughtful Learning Environment. in J. Mangieri & C. C. Blocks (Eds.). Creating Powerful Thinking In Teachers And Students Diverse Perspectives. Forth Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers.
Othman Lebar. (2015). Penyelidikan Kuantitatif : Pengenalan Kepada Teori dan Metod. Tanjung Malim: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Othman Talib. (2013). Asas Penulisan Tesis Penyelidikan & Statistik . Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Pallant, J. (2001). SPSS survival manual - a step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for windows. (Version 10). Buckingham: Open University Press.
Philips, A. J. (1997). Pengajaran Kemahiran Berfikir – Teori dan Amalan. Selangor: Utusan Publications & Distributors Sdn Bhd.
Post, T., & Cramer, K. (1987, October). Children’s strategies when ordering rational numbers. Arithmetic Teacher, 35, 33-35
Punch, S. (2001). Multiple Methods and Research Relations with Young People in Rural Bolivia, in Limb, M. and Dwyer, C. (eds) Qualitative Methodologies for Geograpkers, London : Arnold pp165-180.
Pushpalatha Sivamugam. (2006). Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi Dalam Sukatan Pelajaran Sejarah Tingkatan 4 : Satu Kajian Kes. Tanjung Malim. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Rajendran, N.S. (2001). Pengajaran Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi: Kesediaan Guru Mengendalikan Proses Pengajaran Pembelajaran. Tanjong Malim: Fakulti Sains Kognitif Dan Pembangunan Manusia, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Rajendran, N.S. (2008). Teaching & Acquiring Higher Order Thinking Skills : Theory & Practice. Tanjong Malim: Penerbit Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Ramlee Ismail, Jamal @ Nordin Yunos & Hariri Kamis (2014). Analisis Data Kuantitatif. Kuala Lumpur: Kaisar Media Kreatif.
Reis, Z. A. (2010). Computer Supported Mathematics With Geogebra. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 9, 1449–1455.doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.12.348.
Robson, C. (2002). Real World Research, 2nd ed., Oxford: Blackwell. Samsudin Drahman, (2010). Visualisasi: Satu Anjakan Dalam Teknik Penyelesaian Masalah matematik KBSR. Jurnal Pendidik dan Pendidikan, 19, 47-66.
Sekaran, U. (1992). Research methods for business: a skalal building approach. (2nd Ed.) . New York : John Wiley & Sons.
Sieber, S.D. (1973). The intergration of fieldwork and survey methods. American Journal of Sociology, 78(6), 1335-1359.
Silverman, D. (2000). Doing Qualitative Research : A Practical Handbook. London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: Sage.
Sinar Harian. (2013, 16 Mei). Penggabungan Kementerian akan seragamkan pelaksanaan dasar. Diperolehi dari http://www.sinarharian.com.my/ penggabungan-kementerian-akan-seragamkan-pelaksanaan-dasar-1.160996.
Siti Rahayah Ariffin. (2003). Teori, konsep & amalan dalam pengukuran dan penilaian. Bangi: Pusat Pembangunan Akademik UKM.
Sharifah Nor Puteh. (2012). Keperihatinan Guru Bahasa Melayu dalam Melaksanakan Kemahiran Berfikir Secara Kritis dan Kreatif. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu. 2, 19-31.
Tall, D (1991). The psychology of advanced mathematical thinking. Dalam Tall, D (pnyt.) Advanced Mathematical Thinking. Hlm. 3-21. Dordrecth: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Tesch, R. (1990). Qualitative research: Analysis Types and Software Tools. New York: Falmer.
TIMSS (1999). International Mathematics Report: Finding from IEA's repeat of the third international mathematics and science study at the eight grade. Boston: International Study Centre, Lynch School of Education.
TIMSS (2007). International Mathematics Report: Finding from IEA's repeat of the third international mathematics and science study at the Fourth and Eight grade. Boston: TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Centre, Lynch School of Education. Retrieved from http://timss2007.html.
Thirunavukkarasu. (2014). Effectiveness Of Bar Model In Enhancing The Learning Of Mathematics At Primary Level. International Journal of Teacher Educational Research (IJTER), 3.
Thomas, J. W. (2000). A review of research on project based learning. Retrieved from http://www.autodesk.com/foundation/news/pblpaper.htm. William, W., & Stephen, G. J. (2005). Research Methods in Education (Eight Edit.). Boston: Pearson.
Wong, K.Y. & Lee, N.H. (2009). Singapore Education and Mathematics Curriculum. In Wong, K.Y.; Lee, P.Y.; Berinderjeet Kaur; Foong, P.Y.; ; Ng S.F.; (Eds.). Mathematics Education: The Singapore Journey. Singapore: World Scientific, pp.13-47.
Yee, M.H., Jailani Md Yunos, Widad Othman, Razali Hassan, Tee, T.K. & Mimi Mohaffyza Mohamad (2012). The needs analysis of learning higher order thinking skills for generating idea. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 59, 197-203.
Zaharah Idris. (2011). Sikap Murid-murid Tahun 6 Terhadap Soalan Penyelesaian Masalah Matematik. Tesis Sarjana. Tanjong Malim : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Zamri Mahamod & Noriah Mohd Ishak (2003) Analisis Cohen Kappa Dalam Penyelidikan Bahasa : Satu Pengalaman. Bangi. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Zevin, J. (1995). A guide of classrom testing (with emphasis on higher order questioning). UNESCO Participication Programme (Project No: 8152). Kuala Lumpur: Ministry of Education. |
| This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. |