Method of analogy (Uslub Al-Tashbih)in Arabic and Chinese rhetoric : the analysis and comparative study

Arab rhetoric is good statement and a powerful of influence. However, Chinese rhetoric  is  used   to  express  the  meaning  beautifully  and  clearly,  and  contains accuracy  and   comprehensiveness.  There  are  many  researchers  study  about  of Arabic and Chinese rhetoric,  but there are few comparative studies of “analogy style”  in  Arabic  and  Chinese  rhetoric.   Therefore,  this  research  aims  to  clarify the concept of rhetoric in Arabic literature and  Chinese literature. Also, it aims to know  the  opinion  of  scholars  in  the  “analogy  style”   in  Arabic  rhetoric  and Chinese rhetoric. This research analyzes the similarities and differences  in the analogy   between   Arabic   rhetoric   and   Chinese   rhetoric.   It   also   analyzes  similarities and differences in the analogy between selected short stories "Shams wa Layl" by  Mahmoud Taymour and "zhong guo yu yan gu shi" by Chen jin an. This  research  is  based  on  the   inductive  method,  the  analytical  descriptive approach and the comparative approach. The  research found that there are four types of analogy in Arabic and Chinese rhetoric, which are:  al-tashbih al-mursal is  similar  to  the  ming  yu,  al-tashbih  al-mu’akkad  similar  to  an  yu,   and  al- tashbih   al-tamthiliy   is   similar   to   duo   xiang   yu,   al-tashbih   al-maqlub  resemblance  to  dao  yu.  Although  the  language  used  by Arabs  and  Chinese is very different,  the objectives of the analogy are also the same. The differences between them including the  components of the analogy, in the Arabic analogy, are  four  components:  al-mushabbah,   al-mushabbah  bih,  adah  al-tashbih  and wajh al-shabh, but in the Chinese analogy, there are only  three components: ben ti, yu ti and yu ci. As for the type of analogy, it is very much in Chinese  rhetoric compared  to  Arabic.   In  conclusion,  there   are  similarities  and  differences between the analogy style in Arabic and Chinese languages.