UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk menentukan faktor sosio-demografi dan ekonomi
iaitu jantina, taraf perkahwinan, umur, bangsa, lokasi kediaman, tahap pendidikan,
pekerjaan, bilangan tanggungan, pendapatan, perbelanjaan, simpanan dan pinjaman yang mempengaruhi
pemilikan dan keinginan pemilikan insurans (Hayat, Kesihatan dan Perubatan, Kemalangan Diri &
Keluarga) dalam kalangan isi rumah B40 di Perak. Instrumen kajian telah dikumpulkan
melalui pengagihan borang soal selidik yang diedarkan kepada 662 isi rumah B40
melalui penggunaan teknik persampelan berkelompok. Selanjutnya, kaedah kuantitatif dengan reka
bentuk kajian kes, telah menggunakan pendekatan Model Logit dan Model Kuasa Dua Terkecil
dalam menganalisis data-data yang diperolehi dari borang soal selidik. Dalam
mencapai objektif kajian, empat model telah dibentuk iaitu, Model 1 (kebarangkalian memiliki
insurans), Model 2 (perbelanjaan insurans), Model 3 (kebarangkalian keinginan
memiliki insurans) dan Model 4 (kesanggupan perbelanjaan insurans) untuk melihat peranan pemboleh
ubah pendapatan yang merupakan indikator utama dalam mempengaruhi empat pemboleh ubah
bersandar tersebut. Dapatan kajian Model 1 menunjukkan bahawa pendapatan ( ?1 = 0.216 )
mempengaruhi pemilikan insurans secara positif iaitu, peningkatan dalam pendapatan menyebabkan
golongan B40 yang memiliki insurans adalah lebih tinggi sebanyak 21.6% berbanding mereka yang tidak
memiliki insurans. Sebaliknya, dapatan kajian pada Model 3 bertentangan dengan dapatan
kajian Model 1 iaitu apabila mereka diberi RM1,000 mereka tidak membelanjakan ke
arah pembelian insurans dan ini disokong oleh hubungan negatif pemboleh ubah pendapatan (
?? = -0.226 ) terhadap pemboleh ubah bersandar
kebarangkalian keinginan memiliki insurans. Kesimpulannya, kajian menunjukkan wujud
keinginan untuk membeli dan memiliki insurans dalam golongan B40 namun pendapatan yang terhad
menyebabkan mereka tidak dapat mengutamakan perbelanjaan insurans. Implikasi
kajian menunjukkan bahawa pemilikan insurans merupakan perbelanjaan yang penting dan harus
dimiliki dalam golongan ini, namun ia bergantung kepada corak perbelanjaan dan keutamaan
mereka. Justeru itu, pihak kerajaan perlu bekerjasama dengan syarikat insurans bagi menghasilkan
produk yang mesra pengguna isi rumah berpendapatan terendah (B40) bagi menggalakkan
penyertaan mereka dalam pemilikan insurans.
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