UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
Start | FAQ | About

QR Code Link :

Type :thesis
Subject :RA Public aspects of medicine
Main Author :Nadirah Mohd Azmi
Title :The consequences of securitizing health crises in Southeast Asia: opportunities or obstacles
Place of Production :Tanjong Malim
Publisher :Fakulti Sains Kemanusiaan
Year of Publication :2018
Corporate Name :Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
PDF Guest :Click to view PDF file
PDF Full Text :Login required to access this item.

Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
The debate on the positive and negative dimensions of security tends to draw from securitization theory. Securitization theory has provided a service to this debate by exploring what happens when particular threats are labelled as a security issue by the securitizing actors. The positive/negative debate of securitization theory, especially in relation to migration, the environment and health, has been well established over the last decade. However, like other international relations (IR) theories, securitization theory is arguably 'western-centric' in outlook and scope, and the debate has not reflected the voices and experiences of other regional contexts. This thesis contributes to securitization debates by adding the perspective and experience of the Southeast Asia region. Southeast Asia provides a complex testing site for the securitization processes and debates in relation to a key public 'security' challenge, that of public health. The thesis empirically tests the consequences of securitizing health issues in Southeast Asia, focussing in particular upon contagious disease. Although public health challenges are a global phenomenon, how they are addressed varies across geographic regions, and Southeast Asia is often associated with a particular political culture which shapes its governing norms. By examining how public health crises have been approached as security threats in the regional context, the thesis challenges some of the assumptions at the heart of securitization theory. It also challenges the narrow perceptions of the ASEAN 's practice of the regional norms.   This project explores the impact of securitizing infectious diseases in Southeast Asia through the methodology of process tracing, relying on document analysis and semi­ structured elite interviews for data. The series of infectious disease outbreaks that occurred between 2003 and 2010 provide the empirical focus. The analysis demonstrates that ASEAN has collectively securitized diseases that bring pandemic risk and that such securitization has clearly made a positive impact upon health security cooperation in the region. Instead of encouraging state-centric thinking, the securitization of health crises has promoted ASEAN to become more regional­ centric, in some ways transcending the region's norms, which have historically obstructed cooperation.  

References

Abraham, T., 2011. The chronicle of a disease foretold: pandemic H1 N1 and the

construction of a global health security threat. Political Studies, 59(4), pp.797-

812.

 

Abrahamsen, R., 2005. Blair's Africa: the politics of securitization and fear.

Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, 30, pp.55-80.

 

Abu Bakar, M., 2003. Semua perkara SARS isu keselamatan negara. Berita Harian.

Acharya, A., 2016. Advancing globallR: Challenges, contentions, and contributions.

International Studies Review, 18( 1), pp.4-15.

 

Acharya, A., 2009a. Arguing about ASEAN: what do we disagree about? Cambridge

Review of International Affairs, 22(3), pp.493-499. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doilabs/1 0.1 080109557570903138444 [Accessed

December 17, 2014].

 

Acharya, A., 2009b. Constructing a security community in Southeast Asia. ASEAN

and the problem of regional order Second., New York: Routledge.

 

Acharya, A., 2005. Do norms and identity matter? Community and power in

Southeast Asia's regional order. The Pacific Review, 18(1), pp.95-118.

Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1080109512740500047199

[Accessed December 17, 2014].

 

Acharya, A., 2014. Global International Relations (IR) and Regional Worlds.

International Studies Quarterly, 58(4), pp.647-659. Available at:

https://academic.oup.com/isq/article-lookup/doi/1 0.1111/isqu.12171.

 

Acharya, A., 2007. Promoting human Security: ethical, normative and educational

frameworks in South East Asia, Paris: UNESCO.

 

Achenbach, J., 2014. Obama seeks $6 billion from Congress to fight Ebola in Africa,

United States. Washington Post.

 

Acuin, J. et aI., 2011. Southeast Asia: An emerging focus for global health. The

Lancet, 377(9765), pp.534-535. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-

6736(10)61426-2.

 

Adisasmito, W., Suwandono, A. & Dewi Nur Aisyah, 2014. Measuring Indonesia

H1 N1 Pandemic Preparedness through Stakeholder Analysis. Health Care

Current Reviews, 2(1), pp.1-5. Available at:

http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/hccr.1000119 [Accessed October 26, 2016].

 

Agence France Presse, 2005a. ASEAN considering redirecting resources to combat

bird flu. Agence France Press, pp.3-4.

 

Agence France Presse, 2004a. Asian nations agree to co-operate to step up battle

against bird flu. Agence France Press, pp.28-29.

 

Agence France Presse, 2004b. East Asia Summit due to unveil bird flu strategy.

Agence France Press, pp.8-10. .

 

Agence France Presse, 2004c. Malaysia pledges honesty as China reveals bird flu in

pigs. Agence France Press, pp.9-11.

 

Agence France Presse, 2003a. SARS-free Singapore give assistance to poorer

ASEAN countries. Agence France Presse, pp.5-6.

 

Agence France Presse, 2009. SEAsia ministers set swine flu meet next week.

Agence France Presse, pp.91-92.

 

Agence France Presse, 2003b. Singapore rejects Malaysian allegation it breached

SARS accord. Agence France Presse , pp.21-22.

 

Agence France Presse, 2005b. Southeast Asian ministers agree on plan to fight bird

flu. Agence France Press, pp.9-11.

 

Agence France Presse, 2004d. Thailand analysing data on possible bird flu. Agence

France Presse, pp.13-14.

 

Agence France Presse, 2004e. WHO urges Indonesia to start culling to control bird

flu. Agence France Presse.

 

Ahmad, A., 2007. Regional FMD-free zone by 2007. New Straits Times (Malaysia),

pp.1-2.

 

Alagappa, M., 1998. Asian Security Practice: Material and Ideational Influences,

Stanford: Stanford University Press.

 

Alagappa, M., 1989. Comprehensive Security: Interpretations in ASEAN Counties,

Berkeley, California.

 

Alagappa, M., 1994. Regionalism and security: a conceptual investigation. In Andrew

Mack & J. Ravenhill, eds. Pacific Cooperation: Building Economic and Security

Regimes in the Asia-Pacific Region. St Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin, pp.

152-179.

 

Amaya, A.B., Rollet, V. & Kingah, S., 2015. What's in a word? The framing of health

at the regional level: ASEAN, EU, SADC and UNASUR. Global social policy,

15(3), pp.229-260. Available at:

http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-

84946400570&partnerID=tZOtx3y1.

 

Aning, K., 2010. Security, the War on Terror, and official development assistance.

Critical Studies on Terrorism, 3(1), pp.7-26.

 

Anton, 2008. ASEAN+3 perkuat jejaring informasi penyakit infeksi. Antara News.

Available at: https:llwww.antaranews.com/berita/1 05929/asean-3-perkuatjejaring-

informasi-penyakit-infeksi.

 

Aradau, C., 2008. Rethinking Trafficking in Women: Politics out of security, New

York: Palgrave Macmillan.

 

Aradau, C., 2004. Security and the democratic scene: desecuritization and

emancipation. Journal of International Relations and Development, 7(4),

pp.388-413. Available at: http://oro.open.ac.uk/8943/.

 

Arroyo, M., 2007. Chairperson's Statement of the 12th ASEAN Summit H.E. the

President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. "ONE CARING AND SHARING

COMMUNITY. Available at: http://asean.org/?static_post=chairperson-sstatement-

of-the-12th-asean-summit-he-the-president-gloria-macapagal-arroyoone-

caring-and-sharing-community [Accessed October 13, 2016].

 

ASEAN+3, 2009a. Chairman's Statement The 10 ASEAN Plus Three Foreign

Ministers Meeting 22 July 2009 Phuket, Thailand, Phuket. Available at:

http://www.aseansec.org/PR-42AMM-Chairman-Statement-ASEAN+3.pdf.

 

ASEAN+3, 2009b. Joint Ministerial Statement of the ASEAN+3 Health Ministers

Special meeting on Influenza A(H1 N1) Bangkok, 8 May 2009. ASEAN

Secretariat. Available at: http://asean.org/?static_post=joint-ministerialstatement-

of-the-asean3-health-ministers-special-meeting-on-influenza-ah 1 n 1-

bangkok-8-may-2009 [Accessed June 10, 2016].

 

ASEAN+3, 2004. Joint ministerial statement on the current poultry disease situation,

Bangkok.

 

ASEAN+3, 2003a. Joint Statement ASEAN+3 Ministers of Health Special Meeting on

SARS Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. ASEAN, pp.1-4. Available at:

http://asean.org/joint-statement-asean-3-ministers-of-health-special-meeting-onsars-

kuala-Iumpur-malaysial [Accessed May 31,2015].

 

ASEAN+3, 2003b. Joint Statement ASEAN + 3 Ministerial of Health Special Meeting

on SARS, Kuala Lumpur. Available at: http://asean.org/?static_post=jointstatement-

asean-3-ministers-of-health-special-meeting-on-sars [Accessed

October 6, 2016].

 

ASEAN+3, 2003c. Joint Statement of the ASEAN+3 Labour Ministers Meeting

Mataram, Indonesia 9 May 2003 - ASEAN lONE VISION ONE IDENTITY ONE

COMMUNITY, Mataram. Available at: http://asean.org/?static_post=jointstatement-

of-the-asean3-labour-ministers-meeting-mataram-indonesia-9-may-

2003-2&category_id=32 [Accessed November 10, 2017].

 

ASEAN, 2009a. 'Full marks' for ASEAN in common defense against Influenza A

(H1N1) Bangkok, 8 May 2009, Bangkok. Available at:

http://asean.org/?static_post=press-release-full-marks-for-asean-in-commondefense-

against-influenza-a-h1 n1-bangkok-8-may-2009 [Accessed October 14,

2016].

 

ASEAN, 2002. 6th ASEAN Health Ministers Meeting on Healthy Lifestyle 14-15

March 2002, Vientiane. Available at: http://asean.org/?static_post=6th-aseanhealth-

ministers-meeting-on-healthy-lifestyle-14-15-march-2002-vientianechairman-

s-press-statement&category_id=32 [Accessed October 6,2016].

 

ASEAN, 2016. AADMER Work Programme: 2016-2020, Jakarta. Available at:

http://asean.org/asean-socio-cultural/asean-agreement-on-disastermanagement-

and-emergency-response-cop-to-aadmer/aadmer-workprogrammel.

 

ASEAN, 2001. ASEAN' s Efforts in Combating HIV I AIDS, Jakarta: ASEAN

Secretariat. Available at:

www.asean.org/uploads/archive/ASEAN_combat_aids.pdf.

 

ASEAN, 2005. ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency

Response. , pp.1-23. Available at:

agreement.asean.org/media/download/20140119170000.pdf [Accessed May 1,

2017].

 

ASEAN, 2018. ASEAN Member States. ASEAN. Available at:

http://asean.org/asean/asean-member-states/ [Accessed August 25, 2018].

 

ASEAN, 2015. ASEAN Political-Security Community Blueprint 2025, Jakarta.

 

ASEAN, 2009b. ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community Blueprint, Jakarta.

 

ASEAN, 2004a. Chairman's Statement of the 10th ASEAN Summit Vientiane, 29

November 2004, Vientiane. Available at:

http://asean.org/?static_post=chairman-s-statement-of-the-1 Oth-asean-summitvientiane-

29-november-2004 [Accessed October 8, 2016].

 

ASEAN, 2009c. Chairman'S Statement of the 4th East Asia Summit Cha-am Hua

Hin, Thailand, 25 October 2009, Cha-am Hua Hin. Available at:

http://asean.org/?static_post=chairman-s-statement-of-the-4th-east-asiasummit-

cha-am-hua-hin-thailand-25-october-2009-2 [Accessed October 14,

2016].

 

ASEAN, 2007. Chairman'S Statement of the Second East Asia Summit Cebu,

Philippines, 15 January 2007 - ASEAN lONE VISION ONE IDENTITY ONE

COMMUNITY. ASEAN . Available at: http://asean.org/?static_post=chairman-sstatement-

of-the-second-east-asia-su mm it-cebu-phi Ii ppi nes-15-jan uary-2007

[Accessed January 19, 2018].

 

ASEAN, 2003a. Declaration of ASEAN Concord /I (Bali Concord), Bali.

 

ASEAN, 2000. Declaration of the 5th ASEAN Health Ministers Meeting on Healthy

 

ASEAN 202028-29 April 2000 Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Yogyakarta. Available at:

http://asean.org/?static_post=declaration-of-the-5th-asean-health-ministersmeeting-

on-healthy-asean-2020-28-29-april-2000-yogyakarta-indonesia

[Accessed October 6, 2016].

 

ASEAN, 2004b. Declaration of the 7th ASEAN Health Ministers Meeting Health

without Frontiers, Penang, Malaysia, Penang.

 

ASEAN, 1980. Joint Communique of the Second ASEAN Health Ministers Meeting

Manila, Manila. Available at: http://asean.org/?static_post=joint-communique-ofthe-

second-asean-health-m inisters-meeti ng-man i la-22-24-july-1980 [Accessed

October 6, 2016].

 

ASEAN, 2003b. Joint Declaration Special ASEAN Leaders Meeting On Severe Acute

Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Bangkok, Thailand 29 April 2003, Bangkok.

Available at: http://asean.org/?static_post=joint-declaration-special-aseanleaders-

meeting-on-severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-sars-bangkok-thailand-

29-april-2003 [Accessed October 7,2016].

 

ASEAN, 2003c. Joint Statement of The Special ASEAN + 3 Health Ministers Meeting

on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) "ASEAN is a SARS Free

Region" Siem Reap, Cambodia, 10-11 June 2003. ASEAN Secretariat, pp.4-7.

Available at: http://asean.org/?static_post=joint-statement-of-the-special-asean-

3-health-ministers-meeting-on-severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-sars-aseanis-

a-sars-free-region-siem-reap-cambodia-1 0-11-june-2003 [Accessed January

5,2017].

 

ASEAN, 2008. Joint Statement of the Third ASEAN Plus Three Health Ministers

Meeting Manila. ASEAN. Available at: http://asean.org/joint-statement-of-thethird-

asean-plus-three-health-ministers-meeting-manilaI [Accessed July 1,

2018].

 

ASEAN, 2006. Nature and Schedule of Contributions by Member Countries to the

ASEAN Animal Health Trust Fund (AHTF). ASEAN SEcretariat. Available at:

http://asean.org/?static_post=agreement-for-the-establishment-of-asean-animalhealth-

trust-fund [Accessed June 6, 2017].

 

ASEAN, 2010. Prevention, control and eradication of avian influenza in ASEAN:

strategies and success stories, Jakarta: ASEAN Secretariat.

 

ASEAN and China, 2003. Joint Statement of the Special A SEAN-China Leaders

Meeting on the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Bangkok.

Available at: http://asean.org/?static_post=joint-statement-of-the-special-aseanchina-

Ieaders-meeting-on-the-severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-sars

[Accessed October 7,2016].

 

ASEAN Health Ministers, 1980. Declaration the ASEAN Health Ministers on

Collaboration on Health Manila, 24 July 1980, Manila.

 

ASEAN Health Ministers, 1984. Joint Communique of the Third A SEAN Health

Ministers Meeting Pattaya, 9 March 1984, Available at:

http://asean.org/?static_post=6th-asean-health-ministers-meeting-on-healthylifestyle-

14-15-march-2002-vientiane-chairman-s-press-statement [Accessed

October 6,2016].

 

ASEAN Health Ministers, 1991. Joint Press Statement The Fourth ASEAN Health

Ministers Meeting Indonesia, 4-5 December 1991, Jakarta. Available at:

http://asean.org/?static_post=joint-press-statement-the-fourth-asean-healthministers-

meeting-indonesia-4-5-december-1991 [Accessed October 6, 2016].

 

ASEAN Regional Forum, 2006. ASEAN's efforts in the prevention and control of

communicable diseases such as SARS and Avian Influenza. Available at:

http://www.asean.org/uploads/archive/arf/14ARFIWS Communicable DiseasesHanoi/

ASEC paper for ARF Wkshop on Communibl Diseases HAN Sept

06_final,doc [Accessed April 27, 2018].

 

ASEAN Secretariat, 2011. Addressing AIDS in ASEAN Region: First Regional

Report on HIV & AIDS., Jakarta.

 

ASEAN Secretariat, 2006. ASEAN response to combat Avian Influenza. ASEAN.

Available at: http://asean.org!?static_post=asean-response-to-combat-avianinfluenza-

by-asean-secretariat-3 [Accessed January 1, 2017].

 

ASEAN Secretariat, 2002. The ASEAN Work Programme on HIVIAIDS /I (2002-

2005), Jakarta.

 

ASEAN Secretariat & ASEAN, 2009. Press Statement ASEAN Health Ministers to

Meet ASEAN Secretariat, 29 April 2009, Available at: http://www.asean.org/wpcontentluploads/

images/20 12/Social_cultural/AHMM/Other_ DocumentlPRASEAN-

Healt-Meet.pdf [Accessed October 14,2016].

 

ASEAN Sectetariat, 2015. HIV in the ASEAN region: second regional report on HIV

& AIDS 2011-2015, Jakarta.

 

ASEAN Summit, 2001. 7th ASEAN Summit Declaration on HI VIA IDS Brunei

Darussalam, 5 November 2001, Brunei. Available at:

http://asean.org!?static_post=7th-asean-summit-declaration-on-hivaids-bruneidarussalam-

5-november-2001.

 

ASEAN Summit, 2005. Chairman's Statement of the 11th ASEAN Summit "One

Vision, One Identity, One Community", Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur. Available

at: http://asean. org/chairman-s-statement-of-the-11 th-asean-summit-one-visionone-

identity-one-community-kuala-Iumpurl [Accessed October 12, 2016].

 

ASEAN Summit, 1987. Joint Communique The Third ASEAN Heads of Government

Meeting Manila, 14- 15 December 1987, Manila.

 

ASEAN Summit, 1992. Singapore Declaration Of 1992 Singapore, 28 January 1992,

Singapore.

 

Asia-Europe Foundation, 2010. Expert meeting on regional integration and infectious

diseases. In ASEF Network for Public Health. Luxemborg: Asia-Europe

Foundation, pp. 1-36.

 

AusAID, 2007. ASEAN emerging and resurging infections: surveillance and

response program, Available at:

http://www.asean.org/uploads/archive/aadcp/download/projectlrps/01 0 Brief

Summary Web July 07.pdf.

 

Ba, A., 2014. Institutional divergence and convergence in the Asia-Pacific? ASEAN

in practice and in theory. Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 27(2),

pp.295-318. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 080109557571.2014.889082 [Accessed

December 17, 2014].

 

Baguioro, L., 2004. Arroyo orders strict monitoring of poultry imports. The Straits

Times (Singapore).

 

Balzacq, T., 2011. Enquiries into methods: a new framework for securitization

analysis. In T. Balzacq, ed. Securitization theory: how security problems emerge

and dissolve. Oxon: Routledge, pp. 31-54.

 

Balzacq, T., 2005. The Three Faces of Securitization: Political Agency, Audience

and Context. European Journal of International Relations, 11 (2), pp.171-201.

 

Balzacq, T., Leonard, S. & Ruzicka, J., 2015. "Securitization" revisited: Theory and

cases. International Relations, 1, pp.1-38.

 

Ban, J., 2003. Health as a Global Security Challenge. Seton Hall Journal of

Diplomacy and International Relations 19, 4, pp.19-28.

 

Barker, K., 2012. Infectious Insecurities: H1N1 and the politics of emerging infectious

disease. Health & Place, 18(4), pp.695-700. Available at:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22365386 [Accessed October 18, 2014].

 

Barnett, J., 2000. Destabilizing the environment - conflict thesis. Review of

International Studies, 26, pp.271-288.

 

BBC, 2007. Arroyo says Philippines keen on helping Indonesia on bird flu. BBC.

Bengtsson, L. & Rhinard, M., 2018. Securitisation across borders: the case of'

health security' cooperation in the European Union. West European Politics,

0(0), pp.1-23. Available at: https:lldoi.org/1 0.1 080101402382.2018.151 0198.

 

Bennett, A., 2004. Case Study Methods: Design, Use, and Comparative Advantages.

In D. F. Sprinz & Y. Wolinsky-Nahmias, eds. Models, numbers and cases:

methods for studying International Relations. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan

Press, pp. 19-55. Available at:

http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=1 0.1.1.666.9718&rep=rep1 &t

ype=pdf.

 

Bennett, A. & Elman, C., 2007. Case study methods in the International Relations

subfield. Comparative Political Studies, 40(2), pp.170-195.

 

Berg, B.L., 2001. Qualitative research methods for the social sciences. 4th ed.,

Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

 

Berita Harian, 2009a. "Tiada kes disyaki, rakyat dinasihat tak panik'. Berita Harian,

pp.1-2.

 

Berita Harian, 2009b. Kawai semua pintu masuk kekang wabak selesema babi.

Berita Harian.

 

Berita Harian, 2003a. Pemeriksaan pelawat masuki Johor diperketat. Berita Harian.

 

Berita Harian, 2003b. Singapura perlu lebih prihatin. Berita Harian.

 

Berita Harian, 2003c. Tindakan longgar Singapura jejas kerajaan cegah SARS.

Berita Harian.

 

Bernama, 2009. M'sia mahu ASEAN perkenal mekanisme pemantauan influenza.

Bernama, pp.1-3.

 

8igo, 0.,2002. Security and immigration: toward a critique of the governmentality of

unease. Alternatives, 27, pp.63-92.

 

Bilgin, P., 2011. The politics of studying securitization? The Copenhagen School in

Turkey. Security Dialogue, 42(4-5), pp.399-412.

 

Booth, K., 2007. Theory of world security, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Borchers, H., 2014. ASEAN 's environmental challenges and non-traditional security

cooperation: towards a regional peacekeeping force? Austrian Journal of SouthEast

Asian Studies, 7(1), pp.5-20.

 

Bowen, G.A., 2009. Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative

Research Journal, 9(2), pp.27-40.

 

Bradsher, K. & Altman, L.K., 2004. Thais Infected With Bird Flu; Virus Spreads. The

New York Times, p.1.

 

Braillon, A, 2011. Non-communicable diseases in southeast Asia. The Lancet,

377(9782), pp.2004-2005. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-

6736(11 )60864-7.

 

Branswell, H., 2007. Poor countries insisting on bird flu rules; They want their fair

share of vaccines. The Canadian Press, pp.10-13.

 

Brauch, G.H., 2008. Securitizing Climate Change. In New York, pp. 15-18.

 

Brown, G.W. & Harman, S., 2011. Risk, Perceptions of Risk and Global Health

Governance. Political Studies, 59(4), pp.773-778.

 

Busse, N., 1999. Constructivism and Southeast Asian security. The Pacific Review,

12(1), pp.39-60. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 080/09512749908719277 [Accessed

December 17, 2014].

 

Butler, D., 2006. Pandemic "dry run" is cause for concern. Nature, 441 (7093),

pp.554-555.

 

Butler, D., 2005. 'Refusal to share' leaves agency struggling to monitor bird flu.

Nature, 435(7039), pp.131-131. Available at:

http://www.nature.com/articles/435131a.

 

Buzan, B., 2016. Could IR be different? International Studies Review, 18(1), pp.155-

157.

 

Buzan, B., 1991. People, states, and fear: an agenda for international security

studies in the post-cold war era, New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf.

 

Buzan, B., 1999. Rethinking security after Cold War. Cooperation and Conflict, 32(1),

pp.5-28.

 

Buzan, B. & Acharya, A, 2007. Why is there no non-Western international relations

theory? an introduction. International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 7(3), pp.287-

312. Available at: http://eprints.lse.ac.ukl20940/.

 

Buzan, B. & Little, R., 2001. Why International Relations has Failed as an Intellectual

Project and What to do About it. Millennium - Journal of International Studies,

30(1), pp.19-39.

 

Buzan, B., Wffiver, O. & Wilde, J. de, 1998. Security: a new framework for analysis,

Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

 

Caballero-Anthony, M., 2016. An introduction to Non- Traditional Security: a

transnational approach, London: SAGE Publications.

 

Caballero-Anthony, M., 2006. Combating infectious diseases in East Asia:

securitization and global public goods for health and human security. Journal of

International Affairs, 59(2), pp.1 05-127.

 

Caballero-Anthony, M., 2017. From Comprehensive Security to Regional Resilience:

Coping with Nontraditional Security Challenges. In A Baviera & L. Maramis,

eds. ASEAN @ 50 Volume 4: Building ASEAN Community: Political-Security

and Socio-cultural Reflections. Philippines: Economic Research Institute for

ASEAN and East Asia, pp. 123-145.

 

Caballero-Anthony, M. et aI., 2013. Health. In M. Caballero-Anthony & A. D. B. Cook,

eds. Non-traditional security in Asia: issues, challenges and framework for

action. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, pp. 15-40.

 

Caballero-Anthony, M., 2008a. Non-traditional security and infectious diseases in

ASEAN: going beyond the rhetoric of securitization to deeper institutionalization.

The Pacific Review, 21(4), pp.507-525. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journallnformation?journaICode=rpre20

[Accessed October 28,2013].

 

Caballero-Anthony, M., 2008b. Non-traditional security and infectious diseases in

ASEAN: going beyond the rhetoric of securitization to deeper institutionalization.

The Pacific Review, 21(4), pp.507-525. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journallnformation?journaICode=rpre20

[Accessed December 21,2016].

 

Caballero-Anthony, M., 2010. Non-Traditional security challenges, regional

governance, and the ASEAN Political-Security Community (APSC), Singapore.

 

Caballero-Anthony, M., 2005. SARS in Asia: crisis, vulnerabilities, and regional

responses. Asian Survey, 45(3), pp.475-495. Available at:

http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/as.2005.45.3.4 75 [Accessed November 7,

2016].

 

Caballero-Anthony, M., 2014. Understanding ASEAN's centrality: bases and

prospects in an evolving regional architecture. The Pacific Review, 27(4),

pp.563-584. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 080109512748.2014.924227 [Accessed

December 17, 2014].

 

Caballero-Anthony, M. & Amul, G.G.H., 2014. Keeping Ebola away from Asia:

lessons from SARS. The Straits Times (Singapore). Available at:

http://www.straitstimes.com/opinion/keeping-ebola-away-from-asia-Iessonslearnt-

from-sars.

 

Caballero-Anthony, M. & Cook, A.B., 2013a. Non-Traditional security in Asia: issues,

challenges and framework for action M. Caballero-Anthony & Alistair B.Cook,

eds., Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.

 

Caballero-Anthony, M. & Cook, A.B., 2013b. NTS framework. In C. CaballeroAnthony,

Mely and Alistair B., ed. Non-traditional security issues in Asia: issues,

challenges and framework for action. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian

Studies, pp. 1-14.

 

Caballero-Anthony, M. & Emmers, R, 2006a. The dynamics of securitization in Asia.

In REmmers, M. Caballero-Anthony, & A. Acharya, eds. Studying nontraditional

security in Asia: trends and issues. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish

International Academic, pp. 21-35.

 

Caballero-Anthony, M. & Emmers, R, 2006b. Understanding the dynamics of

securitizing non-traditional security. In M. Caballero-Anthony, REmmers, & A.

Acharya, eds. Non-traditional security in Asia: dilemmas in securitization.

Surrey: Ashgate Publishing Limited, pp. 1-12.

 

Caballero-Anthony, M., Emmers, R & Acharya, A., 2006. Non-traditional security in

Asia: dilemmas in securitization M. Caballero-Anthony, REmmers, & A.

Acharya, eds., Surrey: Ashgate Publishing Limited.

Cabinet Office, 2008. National Risk Register, London.

 

Cabinet Office, 2017. National Risk Register of Civil Emergencies, London.

 

Capie, D. & Evans, P., 2003. The ASEAN Way'. In S. Siddique & S. Kumar, eds. The

2nd A SEAN reader. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.

 

Carrera, S. & Hernanz, N., 2015. Re-framing mobility and identity controls: the next

generation of the EU migration management toolkit. Journal of Borderlands

Studies, pp.1-16. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/fuIl/1 0.1 080108865655.2015.1 012737.

 

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 2017. The world factbook. CIA. Available at:

https:llwww.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbookl [Accessed August

25,2018].

 

Chan, M., 2009a. Press statement on influenza A (H1N1). Available at:

http://www.who. intimediacentre/news/statements/2009/h 1 n 1 20090429/en/

[Accessed October 26, 2016].

-

Chan, M., 2009b. Press statement on swine influenza. Available at:

http://www. who. intimediacentre/news/statements/2009/h1 n 1 20090427/en/

[Accessed October 26,2016].

-

Channel NewsAsia, 2009. ASEAN has stockpile of antiviral drugs to deal with swine

flu. Channel NewsAsia, pp.1-2.

 

Chongsuvivatwong, V. et aI., 2011. Health and health-care systems in southeast

Asia: diversity and transitions. Lancet, 377(9763), pp.429-37. Available at:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21269685 [Accessed January 7,2015].

 

Chua, J.M., 2003. Emergencies preparedness, response Speech of Dato ' Chua Jui

Meng, Minister of Health, Malaysia. World Health Organization, pp.18-21.

Available at:

http://www. who. i nticsr/sars/conference/ju ne_ 2003/materials/presentations/meng

lent [Accessed November 18,2016].

 

Ciuta, F., 2009. Security and the problem of context: a hermeneutical critique of

securitisation theory. Review of International Studies, 35(02), p.301. Available

at: http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S026021 0509008535.

 

CNN, 2005. Bush unveils $ 7 . 1 billion plan to prepare for flu pandemic. CNN.

Available at: http://edition.cnn.com/2005/HEALTH/conditions/11/01/us.flu.plan/

[Accessed August 30, 2017].

 

Cohn, M.R., 2004. Patient quarantine urged as bird flu soars. The Toronto Star,

p.A16.

 

Coker, R.J. et aI., 2011. Emerging infectious diseases in Southeast Asia: regional

challenges to control. Lancet, 377(9765), pp.599-609. Available at:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21269678 [Accessed May 4,2014].

 

Collins, A., 2013. Norm diffusion and ASEAN's adoption and adaption of global

HIV/AIDS norms. International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 13(3), pp.369-397.

Available at: http://irap.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/1 0.1 093/irap/lct012 [Accessed

December 17, 2014].

 

Collins, A., 2003. Security and Southeast Asia: domestic, regional and global issues,

Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

 

Council for Security Cooperation in Asia Pacific (CSCAP), 1995. CSCAP

Memorandum No.3: The Concepts of Comprehensive and Cooperative

Security, Kuala Lumpur: Institute of Strategic and International Studies.

 

Creswell, J.W., 2007. Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five

approaches., California: SAGE Publications, Inc.

 

Crick, E., 2012. Drugs as an existential threat: An analysis of the international

securitization of drugs. International Journal of Drug Policy, 23(5), pp.407-414.

Available at: http://dx.doLorg/1 0.1 016/j.drugpo.2012.03.004.

 

Crisostomo, S., Ramirez, C. & Cervantes, D., 2017. First bird flu outbreak: 400,000

to be culled. The Philippines Star. Available at:

https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/08/11 /1728156/first-bird-flu-outbreak-

400000-be-cu lied.

 

Crisostomo, S. & Romero, P., 2009. Department of Health gets swine flu testing kit.

The Philippines Star. Available at:

https://beta.philstar.com/headlines/2009/05/13/466702/department-health-getsswine-

flu-testing-kit.

 

Chan, M., 2009a. Press statement on influenza A (H1N1). Available at:

http://www.who. intlmediacentre/news/statements/2009/h1 n 1 20090429/en/

[Accessed October 26, 2016].

-

Chan, M., 2009b. Press statement on swine influenza. Available at:

http://www.who.intlmediacentre/news/statements/2009/h1 n 1 20090427/en/

[Accessed October 26,2016].

-

Channel NewsAsia, 2009. ASEAN has stockpile of antiviral drugs to deal with swine

flu. Channel NewsAsia, pp.1-2.

 

Chongsuvivatwong, V. et aI., 2011. Health and health-care systems in southeast

Asia: diversity and transitions. Lancet, 377(9763), ppA29-37. Available at:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21269685 [Accessed January 7,2015].

 

Chua, J.M., 2003. Emergencies preparedness, response Speech of Dato ' Chua Jui

Meng, Minister of Health, Malaysia. World Health Organization, pp.18-21.

Available at:

http://www.who.intlcsr/sars/conference/june_2003/materials/presentations/meng

/en/ [Accessed November 18, 2016].

 

Ciuta, F., 2009. Security and the problem of context: a hermeneutical critique of

securitisation theory. Review of International Studies, 35(02), p.301. Available

at: http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_ S026021 0509008535.

 

CNN, 2005. Bush unveils $ 7 . 1 billion plan to prepare for flu pandemic. CNN.

Available at: http://edition.cnn.com/2005/HEALTH/conditions/11/01/usJlu.plan/

[Accessed August 30, 2017].

 

Cohn, M.R., 2004. Patient quarantine urged as bird flu soars. The Toronto Star,

p.A16.

 

Coker, R.J. et aI., 2011. Emerging infectious diseases in Southeast Asia: regional

challenges to control. Lancet, 377(9765), pp.599-609. Available at:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21269678 [Accessed May 4,2014].

 

Collins, A., 2013. Norm diffusion and ASEAN's adoption and adaption of global

HIV/AIDS norms. International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 13(3), pp.369-397.

Available at: http://irap.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/1 0.1 093/irap/lct012 [Accessed

December 17, 2014].

 

Collins, A., 2003. Security and Southeast Asia: domestic, regional and global issues,

Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

 

Council for Security Cooperation in Asia Pacific (CSCAP), 1995. CSCAP

Memorandum No.3: The Concepts of Comprehensive and Cooperative

Security, Kuala Lumpur: Institute of Strategic and International Studies.

 

Creswell, J.W., 2007. Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five

approaches., California: SAGE Publications, Inc.

 

Crick, E., 2012. Drugs as an existential threat: An analysis of the international

securitization of drugs. International Journal of Drug Policy, 23(5), ppA07--414.

Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2012.03.004.

 

Crisostomo, S., Ramirez, C. & Cervantes, 0.,2017. First bird flu outbreak: 400,000

to be culled. The Philippines Star. Available at:

https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/08/11/1728156/first-bird-flu-outbreak-

400000-be-cu lied.

 

Crisostomo, S. & Romero, P., 2009. Department of Health gets swine flu testing kit.

The Philippines Star. Available at:

https://beta.philstar.com/head lines/2009/05/13/466702/department-health-getsswine-

flu-testing-kit.

 

Cruez, A.F., 2004a. Ensuring poultry farm workers are protected. New Straits Times

(Malaysia), pp.11-13.

 

Cruez, A.F., 2004b. Poultry sector told to take precautions. New Straits Times

(Malaysia), pp.1-3.

 

Curley, M. & Herington, J., 2011. The securitisation of avian influenza: international

discourses and domestic politics in Asia. Review of International Studies,

37(01), pp.141-166. Available at:

http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S026021 051 0000537 [Accessed

November 7,2014].

 

Curley, M. & Thomas, N., 2004. Human security and public health in Southeast Asia:

the SARS outbreak. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 58(1), pp.17-32.

Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1 035771 032000184737 [Accessed

November 12,2013].

 

Cyranoski, D., 2004. Lack of infrastructure hampers virus monitoring. Nature,

427(6974), p.472.

 

Dalby, S., 1999. Threats from the South? geopolitics, equity, and environmental

security. In D. Deudney & R. A. Matthew, eds. Contested grounds: security and

conflict in the environmental conflicts. New York: State University of New York

Press, pp. 155-186.

 

David, E.N.J., 2009. Pandemic imminent (The time to prepare is "short" - WHO ).

Business World, p.S1/1.

 

Davies, S.E., 2010. Global politics of health, Cambridge: Polity Press.

 

Davies, S.E., 2008. Securitizing infectious disease. International Affairs, 84(2),

pp.295-313. Available at: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1468-

2346.2008.00704.x.

 

Davies, S.E., 2012a. The healthy trends of International Relations research.

International Political Sociology, 6(3), pp.316-320.

 

Davies, S.E., 2012b. The international politics of disease reporting: Towards postWestphalianism?

International Politics, 49(5), pp.591-613. Available at:

http://www.palgrave-journals.com/doifinder/1 0.1 057/ip.2012.19 [Accessed

November 7,2014].

 

Davies, S.E., Kamradt-ScoU, A. & Rushton, S., 2015. Disease diplomacy:

international norms and global health security, Maryland: Johns Hopkins

University Press.

 

Davies, S.E., Youde, J. & Parker, R., 2012. The shared responsibility of disease

surveillance. Global Public Health, 7(7), pp.667-669.

 

Delquigny, T. et aI., 2004. Evolution and Impact of Avian Influenza Epidemic and

Description of the Avian Production in Vietnam. FINAL REPORT, Rome.

 

Denzin, N., 1970. The research act in sociology, Chicago: Aldine.

 

Deshman, A.C., 2011. Horizontal Review between International Organizations: Why

, How, and Who Cares Capture. The European Journal of International Law,

22(4), pp.1089-1113.

 

DetikNews, 2007a. Agar virus tak dirampas, RI perjuangkan mekanisme sharing.

DetikNews. Available at: hUps://news.detik.com/berita/d-850111/agar-virus-takdirampas-

ri-perjuangkan-mekanisme-sharing-

?_ga=2. 76467475.720277033.1497275457-117167827.1497275457 [Accessed

June 12, 2017].

 

DetikNews, 2007b. Indonesia minta WHO dan negara maju adil soal vaksin.

OetikNews, p.2007. Available at: https:llnews.detik.com/berita/d-

759818/indonesia-minta-who-dan-negara-maju-adil_soal_

vaksin?_ga=2.42033187.720277033.1497275457-117167827.1497275457.

 

Deudney, D., 1999. Environment security: a critique. In D. Deudney & R. A. Matthew,

eds. Contested grounds: security and conflict in the environmental conflicts.

New York: State University of New York Press, pp. 187-222.

 

Deudney, D., 1990. The case against linking environmental degradation and national

security. Millennium - Journal of International Studies, 19(3), pp.461-476.

Available at: http://mil.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/03058298900190031 001

[Accessed January 4, 20151.

 

Deutsche Presse-Agentur, 2004a. 2ND ROUNDUP: chicken imports banned,

Vietnamese officials admit earlier knowledge of bird flu. Deutsche PresseAgentur,

pp.1-3.

 

Deutsche Presse-Agentur, 2004b. 2nd Roundup: Indonesia spares bird-flu-infected

fowlEds: Releads on government's decision to spare chickens. Deutsche

Presse-Agentur.

 

Deutsche Presse-Agentur, 2003a. Airline industry already lost 10 billion dollars due

to SARS. Deutsche Presse-Agentur, pp.1-2.

 

Deutsche Presse-Agentur, 2004c. Indonesia expects ASEAN cooperation in

combatting bird flu. Deutsche Presse-Agentur, pp.1-2.

 

Deutsche Presse-Agentur, 2003b. Philippine leader calls for more transparency on

SARS epidemic. Deutsche Presse-Agentur, pp.78-79.

 

Deutsche Presse-Agentur, 2009. ROUNDUP: Asian health ministers to coordinate

fight against A H1 N1. Deutsche Presse-Agentur, pp.1-4.

 

Dewitt, D., 1994. Common, Comprehensive, and Cooperative Security. The Pacific

Review, 7(1), pp.1-15.

 

Dosch, J., 2006. The concept and management of non-traditional security in

Southeast Asia. Themenschwerpunkt, 24 (4), pp.179-184.

 

East Asia Summit, 2005. East Asia Summit Declaration on Avian Influenza

Prevention, Control, and Response, Kuala Lumpur. Available at:

http://asean.org/?static_post=east-asia-summit-declaration-on-avian-influenzaprevention-

control-and-response-kuala-Iumpur-14-december-2005 [Accessed

October 12, 20161.

 

Eaton, S. & Stubbs, R., 2006. Is ASEAN powerful? Neo-realist versus constructivist

approaches to power in Southeast Asia. Pacific Review, 19(2), pp.135-155.

 

Eckersley, R., 2004. The green state: rethinking democracy and sovereignty,

Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.

 

Editorial of The Lancet, 2015. 1 year on-lessons from the Ebola outbreak for WHO.

The Lancet, 385(9974), p.1152. Available at:

http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673615606195.

 

Elbe, S., 2010a. Haggling over viruses: the downside risks of securitizing infectious

disease. Health policy and planning, 25(6), pp.476-85. Available at:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20961948 [Accessed October 18, 2014].

 

Elbe, S., 2010b. Health and security. In A. Collins, ed. Contemporary Security

Studies. New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 413-427.

 

Elbe, S., 2002. HIV/AIDS and the changing landscape of war in Africa. International

Security, 27(2), pp.159-177.

 

Elbe, S., 2011. Pandemics on the radar screen: health security, infectious disease

and the medicalisation of insecurity. Political Studies, 59(4), pp.848-866.

Available at: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2011.00921.x [Accessed

October 18, 2014].

 

Elbe, S., 2006. Should HIV/AIDS be securitized? the ethical dilemmas of linking

HIV/AIDS and security. International Studies Quaterly, 50(1), pp.119-144.

 

Elbe, S., Roemer-Mahler, a. & Long, C., 2014. Securing circulation

pharmaceutically: Antiviral stockpiling and pandemic preparedness in the

European Union. Security Dialogue, 45(5), pp.440-457. Available at:

http://sdi.sagepub.com/cgi/doil10.1177/096701 0614530072 [Accessed October

10,2014].

 

Elliott, L., 2011. Climate Change, Migration and Human Security in Southeast Asia,

Singapore.

 

Emmers, R, 2003a. ASEAN and the securitization of transnational crime in

Southeast Asia. The Pacific Review, 16(3), pp.419-438. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1 080/0951274032000085653 [Accessed

January 14,2015].

 

Emmers, R, 2009. Comprehensive security and resilience in Southeast Asia:

ASEAN's approach to terrorism. The Pacific Review, 22(2), pp.159-177.

Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 080/09512740902815300

[Accessed December 22,2014].

 

Emmers, R, 2003b. Cooperative security and the balance of power in ASEAN and

ARF, London: RoutledgeCurzon.

 

Emmers, R, 2017. Enduring Mistrust and Conflict Management in Southeast Asia:

An Assessment of ASEAN as a Security Community. Trans-Regional andNational

Studies of Southeast Asia, 5(1), pp.75-97.

 

Emmers, R, Greener-Barcham, B. & Thomas, N., 2008. Securitising human

trafficking in the Asia-Pacific: regional organisations and response strategies. In

M. Curley & W. Siu-Iun, eds. Security and Migration in Asia: The Dynamics of

Securitisation. London: Routledge, pp. 59-82.

 

Enemark, C., 2007. Disease and security: natural plagues and biological weapons in

East Asia, Oxon: Routledge.

 

Enemark, C., 2009. Is pandemic flu a security threat? Survival, 51(1), pp.191-214.

Available at: http://Owww.

tandfonline.com.wam.leeds.ac.uk/doi/pdf/1 0.1 080/00396330902749798

[Accessed October 30,2014].

 

Evans, J., 2010. Pandemics and National Security. Global Security Studies, 1(1),

pp.1 00-1 09.

 

Fauzi, B.Z., 2009. Sedia hadapi serangan kedua H1N1. Berita Harian.

 

Fawcett, L., 2008. Regional Institutions. In P. D. Williams, ed. Security Studies: An

Introduction. Oxon: Routledge, pp. 307-324.

 

Feldbaum, H., Lee, K. & Michaud, J., 2010. Global health and foreign policy.

Epidemiologic reviews, 32(1), pp.82-92. Available at:

http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2898916&tool=pmcen

trez&rendertype=abstract [Accessed December 9,2014].

 

Felix, RC., 2006. $ 2-M Asean fund to wipe out animal diseases pushed. The

Philippines Star. Available at: http://www.philstar.com:8080/business/355393/2-

m-asean-fund-wipe-out-animal-diseases-pushed [Accessed June 25, 2017].

 

Feraru, A.S., 2016. ASEAN Decision-Making Process: Before and after the ASEAN

Charter. Asian Development Policy Review, 4(1), pp.26-41. Available at:

http://www.aessweb.com/jou rnals/March20 16/5008/3535.

 

Fidler, D.P., 1996. Globalization, International Law, and Emerging Infectious

Diseases. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2(2), pp.77-84. Available at:

http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=4006786&tool=pmcen

trez&rendertype=abstract.

 

Fidler, D.P., 2008. Influenza virus samples, international law, and global health

diplomacy. Perspective, 14(1), pp.88-94.

 

Floyd, R, 2011. Can securitization theory be used in normative analysis? Towards a

just securitization theory. Security Dialogue, 42(4-5), pp.427-439. Available at:

http://sdi.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.117710967010611418712 [Accessed

December 17, 2014].

 

Floyd, R, 2015. Extraordinary or ordinary emergency measures: What, and who,

defines the 'success' of securitization? Cambridge Review of Intemational

Affairs, 7571 (September), pp.1-25.

 

Floyd, R, 2014. Just and unjust desecuritization. In T. Balzacq, ed. Contesting

Security: strategies and Logics. PRIO: Routledge.

 

Floyd, R, 2018. Parallels with the hate speech debate: The pros and cons of

criminal ising harmful securitising requests. Review of International Studies,

44(1), pp.43-63.

 

Floyd, R, 2010. Security and the environment: securitisation theory and US

environmental security policy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Available at:

http://assets.cambridge.org/97805211 197564/cover/9780521197564.jpg.

 

Floyd, R, 2016. The promise of theories of just securitization. In J. Nyman & A.

Burke, eds. Ethical security studies: a new reserach agenda. Abingdon:

Routledge, pp. 75-89.

 

Floyd, R, 2007. Towards a consequentialist evaluation of security: bringing together

the Copenhagen and the Welsh schools of security studies. Review of

International Studies, 33, pp.327-350. Available at:

http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S026021050700753X.

 

Fox, J. & Akbaba, Y., 2013. Securitization of Islam and religious discrimination:

Religious minorities in Western democracies, 1990-2008. Comparative

European Politics, 13(2), pp.175-197. Available at: http://www.palgravejournals.

com/doifinder/1 0.1 057/cep.2013.8.

 

Gagnon, M.L. & Labonte, R, 2013. Understanding how and why health is integrated

into foreign policy - a case study of health is global, a UK Government Strategy

2008-2013. Globalization and health, 9(24), pp.1-19. Available at:

http://www. pubmedcentral.nih. gov/a rticlerender. fcgi?artid=3680218&tool=pmcen

trez&rendertype=abstract [Accessed December 15, 2014] .

 

. Garrett, L., 2005. HIV and National Security: Where are the Links?, New York.

Available at: http://www.cfr.org/national-security-and-defense/hiv-nationalsecurity-

links/p8256.

 

Gjerv, G.H., 2012. Security by any other name: Negative security, positive security,

and a multi-actor security approach. Review of International Studies, 38(4),

pp.835-859.

 

Gleeson, L., 2002. A review of the status of foot and mouth disease in South-East

Asia and approaches to control and eradication A review of the status of foot

and mouth disease in South-East Asia and approaches to control and. Rev. Sci.

Tech, 21 (3), pp.465-475.

 

Gostin, L.O., 2009. Swine Flu Vaccine: What is Fair? Hastings Center Report, 39(5),

pp.9-10.

 

Haacke, J., 2009. The ASEAN Regional Forum: from dialogue to practical security

cooperation? Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 22(3), pp.427-449.

Available at: http://www.tandf.co.ukljournals/carfaxl09557571.html.

 

Haacke, J., 2010. The ASEAN Regional Forum and transnational challenges: Little

collective securitization, some practical cooperation. In J. Haacke & N. M.

Moranda, eds. Cooperative Security in the Asia-Pacific. Oxon: Routledge, pp.

121-149.

 

Haacke, J. & Williams, p.o., 2008. Regional arrangements, securitization, and

transnational security challenges: the African Union and the Association of

Southeast Asian Nations compared. Security Studies, 17(4), pp.775-809.

Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 08010963641 0802508014

[Accessed October 22, 2013].

 

Haftendorn, H., 1991. The security puzzle: theory-Building and discipline-building in

International Security. International Studies Quarterly, 35(1), p.3. Available at:

http://www.jstor. org/stable/1 o. 2307/2600386?orig in=crossref.

 

Hameiri, S., 2014. Avian influenza, 'viral sovereignty', and the politics of health

security in Indonesia. The Pacific Review, 27(3), pp.333-356. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09512748.2014.909523 [Accessed

October 18, 2014].

 

Hameiri, S. & Jones, L., 2013. The politics and governance of non-traditional

security. International Studies Quaterly, (57), pp.462-473.

 

Hanvoravongchai, P.P .. et aI., 2010. Pandemic influenza preparedness and health

systems challenges in Asia: results from rapid analyses in 6 Asian countries.

BMC Public Health, 10(1), p.322. Available at:

http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-1 0-322.

 

Hashim, S. & Ron, S.H.K., 2005. Kebimbangan terhadap selesema burung di

ASEAN. Bernama.

 

Hayden, E.C., 2014. Ebola obstructs malaria control. Nature, pp.5-6.

 

Henson, B., 2003. ASEAN to take tough joint action; Leaders agree on strict

measures to contain spread of SARS in region. The Straits Tmes, pp.1-3.

 

Herington, J., 2010. Securitization of infectious diseases in Vietnam: the cases of

HIV and avian influenza. Health policy and planning, 25(6), pp.467-75.

Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20961947 [Accessed January

9,2015].

 

Hermann, M.G., 2008. Content analysis. In A. Klotz & D. Prakash, eds. Qualitative

Methods in International Relations: a Pluralist Guide. New York: Palgrave

Macmillan, pp. 151-156.

 

Hettne, B., 2010. Development and Security: Origins and Future. Security Dialogue,

41(1), pp.31-52.

 

Heymann, D., 2003. The evolving infectious disease threat: implications for national

and global security. Journal of Human Development, 4(2), pp.191-207.

 

Holbrooke, B.R., Garrett, L. & Windsor, T., 2008. When "sovereignty" risks global

health. Windsor Star, pp.1-3.

 

Homer-Dixon, T., 1994. Environmental scarcities and violent conflict: evidence from

cases. International Security, 19(1), pp.5-40.

 

Homer-Dixon, T.F., 1999. Thresholds ofturnmoil: environmental scarcities and

violent conflict. In D. H .. Deudney & R. A. Matthew, eds. Contested grounds:

security and conflict in the environmental conflicts. New York: State University of

New York Press, pp. 61-90.

 

Hough, P., 2008. Understanding global security 2nd editio., Abingdon: Routledge.

 

Howell, A.: .201.4. The global politics of medicine: beyond global health, against

securitisation theory. Review of International Studies, 40(05), pp.961-987.

Available at: http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract S0260210514000369.

 

Huntington, S., 1996. The Clash of Civilizations and Remaking World Order, New

York: Simon and Schuster.

 

Hurrell, A., 1995. Regionalism in Theoretical Perspectives. In A. Hurrell & L. Fawcett,

eds. Regionalism in World Politics: Regional Organizations and International

Order. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

 

Huxley, T., 1996. Southeast Asia in the study of international relations: The rise and

decline of a region. The Pacific Review, 9(2), pp.199-228.

 

Huysmans, J., 1998. Revisiting Copenhagen: or, on the creative development of a

security studies agenda in Europe. European Journal of International Relations,

4(4), pp.479-505.

 

Huysmans, J., 2000. The European Union and the securitization of migration.

Journal of Common Market Studies, 38(5), pp.751-777. Available at:

http://oro.open.ac.ukl17243/.

 

Huysmans, J., 2006. The politics of insecurity: fear, migration, and asylum in the EU,

London: Routledge.

 

Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), 2016. GBD Compare Data

Visualization. Seattle. IHME, University of Washington. Available at:

http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare [Accessed June 20, 2017].

 

Irvine, D., 1982. Making haste slowly: ASEAN from 1975. In A. Broinowski, ed.

Understanding A SEAN. London: Macmilan.

 

Jagan, L., 2001. Asia warned of AIDS epidemic. BBC. Available at:

http://news. bbc.co. uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1580333.stm.

 

James, S., 2013. Human security, environmental security, securitization and

sovereignty. Journal of Human Security Studies, 2(1), pp.30-47.

 

Jamlus, B., 2003. Mesyuarat menteri ASEAN+3 bincang perkembangan terbaru.

Berita Harian.

 

Japan Economic Newswire, 2005. ASEAN lays down blueprint, establishes fund to

battle bird flu. Japan Economic Newswire, pp.1-2.

 

Japan Economic Newswire, 2003. Cambodia installs thermal imaging scanners to

detect SARS. Japan Economic Newswire, pp.90-91.

 

Japan Economic Newswire, 2004. Singapore proposes ASEAN task force to combat

bird flu. Japan Economic Newswire, pp.1-2.

 

Jetly, R., 2003. Conflict management strategies in ASEAN: perspectives for SAARC.

The Pacific Review, 16(1), pp.53-76.

 

Jiffar, S., 2009. Saringan imigresen di pintu masuk. Berita Harian.

 

Jones, D.M. & Smith, M.L.R., 2007. Making Process, Not Progress: ASEAN and the

evolving of East Asian Regional Order. International Security, 32(1), pp.148-

184.

 

Jones, L., 2010. ASEAN's unchanged melody? The theory and practice of 'noninterference'

in Southeast Asia. The Pacific Review, 23(4), pp.479-502.

Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 080109512748.2010.495996 [Accessed

October 25, 2013].

 

Jones, L., 2011. Beyond securitization: explaining the scope of security policy in

Southeast Asia. International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 11 (3), pp.403-432.

Available at: http://irap.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/1 0.1 093/irap/lcr002.

 

Kamradt-Scott, A., 2009. Disease outbreaks and health governance in the AsiaPacific:

Australia's role in the region. Australian Journal of International Affairs,

63(4), pp.550-570. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 080/1 035771 0903312595 [Accessed

May 12, 2014].

 

Kamradt-Scott, A., 2018. Securing Indo-Pacific health security: Australia's approach

to regional health security. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 72(6),

pp.500-519.

 

Kamradt-Scott, A., 2011. The evolving WHO: Implications for global health security.

Global Public Health, 6(8), pp.801-813.

 

Kamradt-Scott, A. & Lee, K., 2011. The 2011 Pandemic Influenza Preparedness

Framework: Global Health Secured or a Missed Opportunity? Political Studies,

59(4), pp.831-847. Available at: http://doLwiley.com/10.1111/j.1467-

9248.2011.00926.x [Accessed May 12, 2014].

 

Kamradt-Scott, A. & Mcinnes, C., 2012. The securitisation of pandemic influenza:

framing, security and public policy. Global Public Health, 7(S2), pp.S95-S11 O.

 

Kanchanachitra, C. et aI., 2011. Human resources for health in southeast Asia:

Shortages, distributional challenges, and international trade in health services.

The Lancet, 377(9767), pp.769-781. Available at:

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62035-1.

 

Kang, D.C., 2003. Getting Asia Wrong. International Security, 27(4), pp.1-30. .

Available at: papers2://publication/uuid/9D3EEE70-FF31-4C41-B3A3-

44563EE854DD.

 

Karns, M. & Mingst, K., 2005. International organizations: the politics and processes

of global governance, New Delhi: Viva Books.

 

Karyotis, G., 2007. European migration policy in the aftermath of September 11. The

security-migration nexus. Innovation, 20(1), pp.37-41. Available at:

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13511610701197783.

 

Karyotis, G., 2012. Securitization of migration in Greece: process, motives, and

implications. International Political Sociology, 6(4), pp.390-408.

 

Karyotis, G. & Skleparis, D., 2013. Qui Bono?: The winners and losers of securitising

migration. Griffith Law Review, 22(3), pp.683-706.

 

Kashyap, V.K., 2013. Impact of Globalization on Education: A study on Online.

Journal of Politics & Governance, 2(3/4), pp.249-255.

 

Katsumata, H., 2006. Establishment of the ASEAN Regional Forum: constructing a

'talking shop' or a 'norm brewery'? The Pacific Review, 19(February 2015),

pp.181-198.

 

Katz, R. & Singer, D.A., 2007. Health and security in foreign policy. Bulletin of the

World Health Organization, 85(3), pp.4-7. Available at:

http://www.who.intlbulletin/volumes/85/3/06-036889/en/ [Accessed April 2,

2017].

 

Kearney, M., 2004. Researcher accuses Indonesian leaders of major cover-up.

South China Morning Post, p.4.

 

Keohane, R.O., 1986. Theory of world politics: structural realism and beyond. In R.

O. Keohane, ed. NeoRealism and its critics. New York: Columbia University

Press.

 

Kheng-Lian, K., 2012. Transboundary and global environmental issues: the role of

ASEAN. Transnational Environmental Law, 1 (01), pp.67-82. Available at:

http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S20471 02511 000082 [Accessed

December 17, 2014].

 

Khong, Y.F.Y.F., 2001. Human Security: A Shotgun Approach to Alleviating Human

Misery?', Global Governance. Global Governance, 7(3), pp.231-236.

 

Kickbusch, I. et aI., 2015. We need a sustainable development goal 18 on global

health security. The Lancet, 385(9973), p.1069. Available at:

http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673615605931.

 

Kim, H.J. & Lee, P.H., 2011. The changing role of dialogue in the International

Relations of Southeast Asia. Asian Survey, 51 (5), pp.953-970.

 

Kittelsen, S., 2013. The EU and the securitization of pandemic influenza. University

of Aberystwyth.

 

Kivirnaki, T., 2012. Southeast Asia and conflict prevention. Is ASEAN running out of

steam? Pacific Review, 25(4), pp.403-427.

 

Koh, T., 2017. ASEAN and the EU: Differences and challenges. The Straits Times

(Singapore). Available at: https://www.straitstimes.com/opinion/asean-and-theeu-

differences-and-challenges.

 

Krause, K., 2004a. 'Is Human Security "More than Just a Good Idea?"".' In M.

Brzoska & P. J. Croll, eds. Promoting Security: But How and For Whom?

Contributions to BlCC's Ten-year Anniversary Conferenc.

 

Krause, K., 2004b. The Key to a Powerful Agenda, if Properly Delimited. Security

Dialogue, 35(3), pp.367-368.

Labonte, R., Mohindra, K. & Schrecker, T., 2011. The growing impact of globalization

for health and public health practice. Annual review of public health, 32, pp.263-

283.

 

Lai, A.Y. & Tan, T.B., 2012. Combating SARS and H1N1 : Insights and Lessons

From Singapore's Public Health Control Measures. Current Research on

South-East Asia, 5(1), pp.74-101.

 

Laki, J., 2006. Non-Traditional Security Issues: Securitisation of Transnational Crime

in Asia, Singapore.

 

Lamy, M. & Phua, K.H., 2012. Southeast Asian cooperation in health: a comparative

perspective on regional health governance in ASEAN and the EU. Asia Europe

Journal, 10(4), pp.233-250. Available at:

http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s1 0308-012-0335-1 [Accessed October 28,

2013].

 

Legard, R., Keegan, J. & Ward, K., 2003. In-depth interviews. In J. Ritchie & J.

Lewis, eds. Qualitative research practice: a guide for Social Science students

and researchers. London: SAGE Publications Ltd, pp. 138-169.

 

Leonard, S., 2010. EU border security and migration into the European Union:

FRONTEX and securitisation through practices. European Security, 19(2),

pp.231-254. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080109662839.2010.526937.

 

Levy, J.S., 2008. Case Studies: Types, Designs, and Logics of Inference. Conflict

Management and Peace Science, 25, pp.1-18.

 

Liow, J.C., 2003. The kinship factor in International Relations: kinship, identity

construction and nation formation in Indonesia- Malaysia Relations. University ,

of London. Available at: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1716/.

 

Lisk, F., Sehovic, A.B. & Sekalala, S., 2015. Health and human security: a wrinkle in

time or a new paradigm? Contemporary Politics, 21 (1), pp.25-39. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 080/13569775.2014.993908.

 

Liverani, M., Hanvoravongchai, P. & Coker, R.J., 2012. Communicable diseases and

governance: A tale of two regions. Global Public Health, 7(6), pp.574-587.

 

Lo, Y.-P., 2012. The securitisation of HI VIA IDS: China and India. The University of

Hong Kong.

 

Loh, D.M.H., 2016. ASEAN's norm adherence and its unintended consequences in

HADR and SAR operations. Pacific Review, 29(4), pp.549-572. Available at:

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080109512748.2015.1022589.

 

Luk, H., 2005. ASEAN official says insufficient transparency and resources hamper

fight against bird flu. Association Press Writer, pp.1-2.

 

Lupovici, A., 2014. The limits of securitization theory: observational criticism and the

curious absence of Israel. International Studies Review, 16, pp.390-410.

Available at: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/misr.12150 [Accessed December 17,

2014].

 

Macan-markar, M., 2003. Health: Asian leaders pledge joint war against SARS. IPSInter

Press Service, pp.1-3.

 

Maclean, S.J., 2008. Microbes, mad cows and militaries: exploring the links between

health and security. Security Dialogue, 39(5), pp.475-494. Available at:

http://sdi.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/096701 0608096149 [Accessed October

18,2014].

 

Mahoney, J., Kimball, E. & Koivu, K.L., 2009. The Logic of Historical Explanation.

Comparative Political Studies, 42( 1), pp.114-146.

 

Maier-Knapp, N., 2011. Regional and interregional integrative dynamics of ASEAN

and EU in response to the avian influenza. Asia Europe Journal, 8(4), pp.541-

554. Available at: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s1 0308-011-0289-8

[Accessed December 20,2014].

 

Malaysia General News, 2009a. ASEAN GEARS UP TO ADDRESS SWINE FLU.

Malaysia General News, pp.29-30.

 

Malaysia General News, 2009b. China: exit screening for H1 N1 important. Malaysia

General News, pp.0-2.

 

Malaysia General News, 2009c. Top Asian health officials say no to exit screening.

Malaysia General News, pp.1-2.

 

Marshall, C. & Gretchen, R.B., 2006. Designing qualitative research 4th Editio.,

SAGE Publications, Inc.

 

Masitom, N.H., 2004. Ayam di satu kampung saja kena virus bahaya. Berita Harian,

pp.19-21.

 

Masitom, N.H., 2003. Kabinet umum langkah tambahan bendung SARS. Berita

Harian.

 

Mathews, J.T., 1989. Redefining Security. Foreign Affairs, 68, pp.162-177.

 

Mavelli, L., 2013. Between normalisation and exception: the securitisation of Islam

and the construction of the secular subject. Millennium - Journal of International

Studies, 41 (2), pp.159-181. Available at:

http://mil.sagepub.com/cgi/contentiabstracti41/2/159.

 

Mboi, N. & Smith, K.H., 2006. Indonesia: Current Status of HIV/AIDS in Indonesia

and Prospects for its Spread. In T. Yamamoto & S. Itoh, eds. Fighting a Rising

Tide: The Response to AIDS in East Asia. Tokyo: Japan Center for International

Exchange, pp. 96-118.

 

Mcinnes, C. & Lee, K., 2012. Framing and global health governance: key findings.

Global Public Health, 7(S2), pp.S191-S198.

 

Mcinnes, C. & Lee, K., 2006. Health, security and foreign policy. Review of

International Studies, 32(1), pp.5-23. Available at:

http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract S026021 0506006905 [Accessed

May 12, 2014]. -

 

Mcinnes, C. & Rushton, S., 2010. HIV, AIDS and security: where are we now?

International Affairs, 86(1), pp.225-245. Available at:

http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1468-2346.201 0.00877.x.

 

Mcinnes, C. & Rushton, S., 2012. HIV/AIDS and securitization theory. European

Journal of International Relations, 19(1), pp.115-138. Available at:

http://ejt.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/1354066111425258 [Accessed April 29,

2014].

 

McsSweeney, B., 1999. Security, identity and interests: a sociology of International

Relations, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

 

Mearsheimer, J.J., 1995. The false promise of international institutions. International

Security, 19(3), pp.5-49.

 

Miller, B., 2001. The Concept of Security: Should it be Redefined? Journal of

Strategic Studies, 24(February 2015), pp.13-42.

 

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2003a. Asean, Jepang , Korea dan China

Kerja Sam a Tanggulangi SARS. Available at:

http://www.depkes.go.id/article/view/504/asean-jepang-korea-dan-china-kerjasama-

tanggulangi-sars.html [Accessed November 28, 2017].

 

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2009. Depkes siapkan langkah-Iangkah

mencegah flu babi. Available at:

http://www.depkes.go.id/article/view/222/depkes-siapkan-langkah-Iangkahmencegah-

flu-babi.html [Accessed December 1,2017].

 

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2005. Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan

Republik Indonesia Nomor: 1371IMENKESISKlIXl2005, Jakarta.

 

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2003b. Menkes Dr. Achmad Sujudi dalam

sambutannya menyampaikan penghargaan & terima kasih. Available at:

http://www.depkes.go.id/article/view/512/menkes-dr-achmad-sujudi-dalamsambutannya-

menyampaikan-penghargaan-terima-kasih.html [Accessed

November 27,2003].

 

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2004. Pembentukan tim penanggulangan

SARS. Available at: http://www.depkes.go.id/article/view/554/pembentukan-timpenanggulangan-

sars.html [Accessed November 26, 2017].

 

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2003c. Pemerintah menetapkan SARS

sebagai penyakit yang dapat menimbulkan wabah. Ministry of Health Republic

of Indonesia. Available at: http://www.depkes.go.id/article/view/495/pemerintahmenetapkan-

sars-sebagai-penyakit-yang-dapat-menimbulkan-wabah.html

[Accessed November 1, 2017].

 

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2003d. Satu kasus probable SARS masih

dirawat di RSUP Adam Malik Medan. Available at:

http://www.depkes.go.id/article/view/505/satu-kasus-probable-sars-masihdirawat-

di-rsup-adam-malik-medan.html [Accessed November 25, 2017].

 

Ministry of Transport Singapore, 2003. Singapore and Indonesia join hands to keep

ASEAN SARS-free. , (July).

 

Mstar, 2009. H1 N1: Sabah tidak bercadang tutup ladang ternakan babi. Mstar.

 

Mukherjee, P. et aI., 2010. Epidemiology of Travel-associated Pandemic (H1 N1)

2009 Infection in 116 Patients, Singapore. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 16(1),

pp.21-26.

 

Narain, J.P. & Bhatia, R, 2010. The challenge of communicable diseases in the

WHO South-East Asia Region. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 88(3),

pp.162-163.

 

Nathan, K.S., 2002. Malaysia-Singapore relations: retrospect and prospect.

Contemporary Southeast Asia, 24(2), pp.385-410.

National Intelligence Council, 2008. Strategic implications of global health,

Washington.

 

National Intelligence Council, 2000. The global infectious disease threat and its

implications for the United States, Washington.

 

Nesadurai, H.E.S., 2009. ASEAN and regional governance after the Cold War: from

regional order to regional community? The Pacific Review, 22(1), pp.91-118.

 

New Straits Times (Malaysia), 2003. Mystery flu: Johor working with Singapore. New

Straits Times (Malaysia), pp.1-2.

 

Newman, E., 2010. Critical human security studies. Review of International Studies,

36(01), p.77. Available at:

http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S026021 0509990519 [Accessed

November20,2014].

 

Newman, E., 2001. Human Security and Constructivism. International Studies

Perspectives, 2(3), pp.239-251. Available at: http://doLwiley.com/10.1111/1528-

3577.00055.

 

Nicoll, A. et aI., 2006. Nonpharmaceutical interventions for pandemic influenza,

international measures. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 12(1), pp.81-87.

 

Nishikawa, Y., 2010. Human Security in Southeast Asia,

 

Nunes, J., 2015. Is disease a threat to international security? The International

Relations and Security Network, 1.

 

Nunziata, L., 2015. Immigration and crime: evidence from victimization data. Journal

of Population Economics, 28(3), pp.697-736. Available at:

http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00148-015-0543-2.

 

Nuzzo, J., 2009. Border Restrictions: not an effective means of preventing the

spread of Swine Flu. Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, pp.1 0-12.

Available at: http://www.upmcbiosecurity.

org/website/resources/publications/2009/pdf/2009-04-28-

BorderClose.pdf [Accessed October 1, 2017].

 

Nyman, J., 2016. What is the value of security? Contextualising the

negative/positive debate. Review of International Studies, 42(part 5), pp.821-

839.

 

Parameswaran, P., 2003. SARS: Southeast Asia and China confront a contagion of

a different kind. Agence France Presse, pp.1-3.

 

Paris, R, 2001. Human Security: Paradigm Shift or Hot Air? International Security,

26(2), pp.87-102.

 

Pennisi di Floristella, A., 2012. Are non-traditional security challenges leading

regional organizations towards greater convergence? Asia Europe Journal,

11 (1), pp.21-38. Available at: http://link.springer.com/1 0.1 007/s 10308-012-

0339-x [Accessed October 28, 2013].

 

Peoples, C. & Vaughan-Williams, N., 2010. Critical security studies: an introduction,

London: Routledge.

 

Pereira, R, 2008. Processes of Securitization of Infectious Diseases and Western

Hegemonic Power: A Historical-Political Analysis. GLobal Health Governance,

11(1), pp.1-15.

 

Peterson, S., 2002. Epidemic disease and national security. Security Studies, 12(2),

pp.43-81. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 08010963641 0212120009 [Accessed

January 14, 2015].

 

Pettlk, J., 2008. Securitization of official development aid: analysis of current debate.

In International Peace Research Conference. Leuven, pp. 1-12.

 

Philavong, B. et aI., 2009. ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN's pioneering initiative on

multisector pandemic preparedness, response. In K. Ungchusak & Y. M. Aye,

eds. Good practices in responding to emerging infectious diseases: Experience

from the ASEAN Plus Three Countries. Thailand: Thailand Ministry of Public

HeaHh, pp. 125-134.

 

Philavong, B., 2009. Statement by the ASEAN Secretariat. World Health

Organization. Available at:

http://iris.wpro.who.intibitstream/handle/10665.1/8191IWPR RC060 Statement

_ASEANSec_2009_en.pdf [Accessed August 9,2017].

- -

 

Piot, P., 2000. Global AIDS epidemic: time to turn the tide. Science, 288(5474),

pp.2176-2178.

 

Pitsuwan, S., 2009a. Speech by H. E. Dr Surin Pitsuwan, Secretary - General of

ASEAN at the ASEAN Plus Three Health Ministers Special Meeting on Influenza

A ( H1 N1 ) Speech by H . E . Dr Surin Pitsuwan , Secretary - General of ASEAN

at the ASEAN Plus Three Health Ministers, Bangkok. Available at:

https:llasean.org/?static_post=speech-by-he-dr-surin-pitsuwan-secretarygeneral-

of-asean-at-the-asean-plus-three-health-ministers-special-meeting-oninfluenza-

ah1 n1.

 

Pitsuwan, S., 2009b. The Statement by the Secretary-General of ASEAN on the

Outbreak of Swine Influenza ASEAN Secretariat, 27 April 2009. Available at:

http://www.asean.org/wp-contentiuploads/archive/PR-SG-Statement-SwineInfluenza.

pdf [Accessed October 14, 2016].

 

President of the Philippines, 2003. Executive Order No. 201, s. 2003, Manila,

Philippines.

 

President of the Philippines, 2004. Executive Order No. 280, s. 2004, Manila.

Available at: http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2004/02/05/executive-order-no-

280-s-2004/.

 

Price-Smith, A.T., 2009. Contagion and chaos: disease, ecology, and national

security in the era of globalization, Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.

 

Prins, G., 2004. AIDS and global security. International Affairs, 80(5), pp.931-952.

 

Quinn, J.M. et aI., 2014. Fragile States, Infectious Disease and Health Security: The

Case for Timor-Leste. Journal of Human Security, 10(1), pp.14-31. Available at:

http://www.librelloph.com/journalofhumansecurity/article/view/1 01 [Accessed

October 18, 2014].

 

Ravenhill, J., 2008. Fighting irrelevance: An economic community "with ASEAN

characteristics." Pacific Review, 21 (4), pp.469-488.

 

Reme Ahmad, P .. , 2004. E. Asia takes a step to closer links; At their first summit

leaders agree to boost security and trade ties, meet again next year. The Straits

Times (Singapore), pp.2-4.

 

Ritchie, J., 2003. The applications of qualitative methods to social research. In J.

Ritchie & J. Lewis, eds. Qualitative research practice: a guide for Social Science

students and researchers. London: SAGE Publications Ltd, pp. 24-46.

 

Roe, P., 2014. Gender and "positive" security. International Relations, 28(1), pp.116-138.

 

Roe, P., 2012. Is securitization a "negative" concept? Revisiting the normative

debate over normal versus extraordinary politics. Security Dialogue, 43(3),

pp.249-266.

 

Roe, P., 2008. The "value" of positive security. Review of International Studies,

34(4), pp.777-794.

 

Rollet, V. & Chang, P., 2010. Is the European Union a Global Health Actor? An

Analysis of its Capacities, Involvement and Challenges. I Conceptualizing the

EU as a

" global actor ." Nature, 3(3), pp.309-328.

 

Romero, P., 2005a. APEC to deny safe haven to corrupt. Philippines Star.

 

Romero, P., 2005b. RP shines at APEC for its bird flu fight. The Philippines Star.

Available at: http://beta.philstar.com/headlines/2005/11/20/307586/rp-shfnesapec-

its-bird-flu-fight#22ZtOSJ 121 rOK2bu. 99.

 

Ross, E., 2004a. Slaughter will slow bird flu, WHO says. Associated Press Online.

 

Ross, E., 2004b. WHO urges mass slaughter of infected poultry to control bird flu,

Thailand balks. Associated Press Online, pp.9-11.

 

Ross, T., 2015. David Cameron: G7 must "wake-up" to Ebola-type threats.

Telegraph.

 

RSIS Centre for NTS Studies, 2009. Pandemic preparedness in Asia, Singapore.

Available at: www.rsis.edu.sg.

 

Rushton, S., 2010. AIDS and international security in the United Nations System.

AIDS and international security in the United Nations System, 25(6), pp.495-

504. Available at: http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/contentl25/6/495.full.pdf

[Accessed October 18, 2014].

 

Rushton, S., 2011. Global Health Security: Security for Whom? Security from What?

Political Studies, 59(4), pp.779-796. Available at:

http://doLwiley.com/10.1111/j.1467 -9248.2011.00919.x [Accessed October 18,

2014].

 

Santos, R., 2004. NAIA takes steps to keep out bird flu. The Philippines Star.

Available at: http://beta.philstar.com/headlines/2004/03/23/243656/naia-takessteps-

keep-out-bird-flu#76jLOYV6vzsfh66t.99.

 

Schierhout, G. et aI., 2017. Evaluating a decade of Australia's efforts to combat

pandemics and emerging infectious diseases in Asia and the Pacific: Are health

systems stronger?, Canberra: Australian Government Department of Foreign

Affairs and Trade.

 

Scott, S. V., 2012. The securitization of climate change in world politics: How close

have we come and would full securitization enhance the efficacy of global

climate change policy? Review of European Community and International

Environmental Law, 21 (3), pp.220-230.

 

Selgelid, M.J. & Enemark, C., 2008. Infectious diseases, security and ethics: the

case of HIV/AIDS. Bioethics, 22(9), pp.457-65. Available at:

http://www.ncbLnlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18959728 [Accessed January 14, 2015].

 

Selvey, L.A., Antao, C. & Hall, R., 2015. Evaluation of Border Entry Screening for

Infectious Diseases in Humans. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 21 (2), pp.197-

201. Available at:

http://www.pubmedcentral. nih .gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=4313627&tool=pmcen

trez&rendertype=abstract.

 

Sewatan, J., 2006. Malaysia, Singapore establish protocol to combat bird flu. BBC.

 

Shahrim, S. & Karpayah, D., 2003. Singapura langgar persetujuan ASEAN. Berita

Harian.

 

Shuchman, M., 2007. Improving global health - Margaret Chan at the WHO. The

New England Journal of Medicine, 356(7), pp.653-656. Available at:

http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&btnG=Search&q=intitle:New+engla+nd

+journal#O.

 

Simon, S.W., 1995. Realism and neoliberalism: International relations theory and

Southeast Asian security. The Pacific Review, 8(1), pp.5-24.

 

Singer, P.W., 2002. AIDS and International Security. Survival, 44(1), pp.145-158.

Available at: http://survival.oupjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/survivaI/44.1.145.

 

Sipress, A., 2009. The fatal strain: on the trail of avian flu and the coming pandemic,

New York: Penguin Group.

 

Smallman, S., 2013. Biopiracy and vaccines: Indonesia and the World Health

Organization's new Pandemic Influenza Plan. Journal of International and

Global Studies, 4(2), pp.20-36.

 

Smith, J., 2015. Global health security: a flawed SDG framework. The Lancet,

385(9984), p.2249. Available at:

http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673615610571.

 

Smith, P., 2007. Climate Change, Weak States and the" War on Terrorism" in

South and Southeast Asia. Contemporary Southeast Asia, 29(2), pp.264-285.

 

Smith, S., 1987. Paradigm dominance in International Relations: the development of

International Relations as a Social Science. Millennium: Journal of International

Studies, 16(2), pp.189-206.

 

Sparke, M. & Anguelov, D., 2012. H1N1, globalization and the epidemiology of

inequality. Health & place, 18(4), pp.726-36. Available at:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22682088 [Accessed October 18, 2014].

 

Srinivas, S., 2006. S-E Asia could be "ground zero" of next human flu pandemic;

Many do not have capacity to cope with an outbreak, but Sars experience an

advantage. The Straits Times (Singapore), pp.1-3.

 

Stake, R.E., 2005. Qualitative case studies. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln, eds. The

Sage Handbook of qualitative research. California: SAGE Publications, Inc, pp.

443-465.

 

States News Service, 2007. U.S. government support to combat avian and pandemic

influenza --East Asia/Pacific. States News Service, pp.1-5.

 

Stevenson, M. a & Cooper, A.F., 2009. Overcoming Constraints of State

Sovereignty: global health governance in Asia. Third World Quarterly, 30(7),

pp.1379-1394. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 080101436590903152686 [Accessed

May 13, 2014].

 

Sukma, R., 2010. ASEAN and non-traditional security. In Tokyo, pp. 1-6.

 

Swee-Hock, Sa. & Kesavapany, K., 2006. APPENDIX A: Speeches by Malaysia's

Agong and Singapore's President Kuala Lumpur, 11 April 2005. In SingaporeMalaysia

Relations Under Abdullah Badawi. Singapore: Institute of Southeast

Asian Studies, pp. 61-70.

 

Taib, M., 2003. Malaysia rangka pelan tangani SARS. Berita Harian.

 

Tan, A.T.H. & J.D. Kenneth Boutin, 2001. Introduction. In A. T. H. Tan & J. D. K.

Boutin, eds. Non-traditional security issues in Southeast Asia. Singapore: Select

Publishing, pp. 1-25.

 

Tannenwald, N., 2015. Process Tracing and Security Studies. Security Studies,

24(2), pp.219-227. Available at:http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/fuIl/1 0.1 080109636412.2015.1 036614 [Accessed

September 14, 2016].

 

Taylor, R., 2004a. ASIA: Indon urges calm after bird flu outbreak confirmed. AAP

Newsfeed, pp.1-3.

 

Taylor, R., 2004b. Asia: Region has not learned the lessons of SARS in bird flu. AAP

Newsfeed.

 

Thai News Service, 2009a. ASEAN : Highlights on ASEAN + 3 Health Ministers

Meeting announced. Thai News Service, pp.1-2.

 

Thai News Service, 2007. Asia: new bird flu outbreaks raise alarm in Asia. Thai

News Service, pp.1-2.

 

Thai News Service, 2009b. Cambodia/ASEAN : Cambodia PM proposes emergency

meeting of ASEAN to deal with swine flu. Thai News Service, pp.1-3.

 

Thai News Service, 2006. Malaysia takes precaution against bird flu. Thai News

Service.

 

Thai News Service, 2009c. Philippines: Government agencies move to ensure that

Philippines is swine flu-free. Thai News Service, pp.1-2.

 

The Business Times Singapore, 2003. S'pore says Asean deal wasn't breeched. The

Business Times Singapore.

 

The Nation, 2003. Fight Against SARS: Government to Seek Exit Checks. Yale

Global. Available at: http://yaleglobal,yale.edu/contentlfight-against-sarsgovernment-

seek-exit-checks [Accessed January 2, 2017].

 

The Philippines Star, 2003. GMA okays 3-point plan to lock out SARS. The

Philippines Star.

 

The South Centre, 2007. The ASEAN experience: insights for regional political

cooperation, Geneva.

 

The Straits Times, 2004. Asean action plan to fight bird flu. The Straits Times

(Singapore), pp.1-2.

 

The Straits Times (Singapore), 2003. Practical help for neighbours. The Star

(Malaysia), pp.1-2.

 

The Straits Times (Singapore), 2005. WHO says attention must not be shifted from

"ground zero" in Southeast Asia. The Straits Times (Singapore).

 

The Sun, 2003. Three-stage screening process for travellers. The Sun.

 

Thiesmeyer, L., 2005. Gender, Public Health, and Human Security Policy in Asia.

Policy, (October), pp.1-13.

 

Thomas, C., 1989. On the health of International Relations and the international

relations of health. Review of International Studies, 15(03), p.273.

 

Thomas, N., 2006. The Regionalization of Avian Influenza in East Asia. Asian

Survey, 46(6), pp.917-936.

 

Thomas, N. & Tow, W.T., 2002. The utility of Human Security: sovereignty and

humanitarian intervention. Security Dialogue, 33(2), pp.177-192.

 

Towards a Safer World, 2014. Multisector Pandemic Preparedness in the ASEAN

Region. Towards a Safer World: Practical Approaches to Advance Disaster

Preparedness, pp.1-25. Available at:

http://towardsasaferworld.org/sites/defaultifileslTASWreportonAsia.pdf

[Accessed April 7, 2017].

 

Trombetta, M.J., 2008. Environmental security and climate change: analysing the

discourse. Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 21 (4), pp.585-602.

 

Trombetta, M.J., 2014. Linking climate-induced migration and security within the EU:

insights from the securitization debate. Critical Studies on Security, 2(2),pp.131-147. Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 080/21624887.2014.923699.

 

Trombetta, M.J., 2007. The Securitization of the Environment and the

Transformation of Security. ECPR: European Standing Group on International

Relations Conference, pp.1-22.

 

Truscott, C., 2009. Asian nations to boost flu drug stockpiles. Agence France

Presse, pp.8-10.

 

Ullman, R.H., 1983. Redefining scurity. International Security, 8(1), pp.129-153.

 

UNDP, 1994. Human Development Report: new dimensions of human security 1994,

New York. Available at:

http://hdr. undp.org/sites/defaultlfiles/reports/255/hdr_1994_en_complete_ nostat

s.pdf.

 

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2015. Sustainable

development goals. Available at:

https:llsustainabledevelopment.un.org/topics/sustainabledevelopmentgoals

[Accessed June 16, 2015].

 

United Nations Security Council, 2000. Resolution 1308. United Nations Security

Council, 39208(July), pp.1-3.

 

USAID [United States of America Agency for International Development], 2007. Audit

of USAID's avian influenza report: Audit report no. 9-000-07-007, Washington

D.C.

 

Utusan Malaysia, 2005. Jepun sediakan RM508j tangani selesema burung. Utusan

Malaysia.

 

Utusan Malaysia, 2012. Perangi penyakit tidak berjangkit. Available at:

http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/Dalam_Negeril20121125/dn_12/Perangipenyakit-

tidak-berjangkit.

 

Vietnam News Agency, 2002. Deputy PM calls for people's active involvement in

HIV/AIDS prevention. Vietnam News Agency.

 

Villanueva, M., 2003a. Arroyo prods Congress to pass anti-SARS law. The

Philippines Star. Available at: http://www.philstar.com/headlines/204788/arroyoprods-

congress-pass-anti-sars-Iaw.

 

Villanueva, M., 2003b. SARS task force set up; P1-B allocated. The Philippines Star.

Available at: http://www.philstar.com/headlines/203783/sars-task-force-set-p1-ballocated.

 

Vu, T., 2011. Epidemics as politics with case studies from Malaysia, Thailand, and

Vietnam. Global Health Governance, 4(2), pp.1-22. Available at:

http://ghgj.org/TuongVu.pdf.

 

Vuori, J. a., 2008. Illocutionary logic and strands of securitization: applying the theory

of securitization to the study of non-democratic political orders. European

Journal of International Relations, 14(1), pp.65-99.

 

Wrever, 0., 2011. Politics, security, theory. Security Dialogue, 42(4-5), pp.465-480.

Available at: http://sdi.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/096701 0611418718

[Accessed December 12,2014].

 

Wrever, 0., 2003. Securitisation: taking stock of a research programme in Security

Studies, Copenhagen.

 

Wrever, 0., 1995. Securitization and desecuritization. In R. D. Lipschutz, ed. On

security. New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 46-86.

 

Wrever, 0., 1999. Securitizing sectors? Reply to Eriksson. Cooperation and Conflict,

34(3), pp.334-340.

 

Waite, M. & Hawker, S. eds., 2009. Oxford paperback: dictionary and thesaurus

Third., Oxfors: Oxford University Press.

 

Walt, S.M., 1991. The renaissance of Security Studies. International Studies

Quaterly, 35(2), pp.211-239. Available at: http://jstor.org/stable2600471.

 

Wilder-smith, A., Goh, K.T. & Paton, N.!., 2003. Experience of Severe Acute

Respiratory Syndrome in Singapore: importation of cases, and defense

strategies at the airport. J Travel Med, 10(5), pp.259-262.

 

Wilkinson, C., 2007. The Copenhagen School on tour in Kyrgyzstan: is securitization

theory useable outside Europe? Security Dialogue, 38(1), pp.5-25.

 

Wishnick, E., 2010. Dilemmas of securitization and health risk management in the

People's Republic of China: the cases of SARS and avian influenza. Health

policy and planning, 25(6), pp.454-66. Available at:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20961946 [Accessed December 17, 2014].

 

Woodsome, K., 2003. Gov't Looking For Funds to Combat SARS. The Cambodian

Dai/y.

 

World Health Organization, 2017a. Cumulative number of confirmed human cases

for avian influenza A(H5N1) reported to WHO, 2003-2009. World Health

Organization. Available at:

http://www.who.intiinfluenza/human_animal_interface/H5N1_cumulative_table_

archives/en/ [Accessed July 24, 2018].

 

World Health Organization, 2011. Cumulative number of confirmed human cases of

avian influenza A(H5N1) reported to WHO -2004 until 2011. World Health

Organization. Available at:

http://www.who.intlinfluenza/human_animal_interface/H5N 1_cumulative_ table_

archives/en/ [Accessed October 18, 2017].

 

World Health Organization, 2003a. Cumulative Number of Reported Probable Cases

of SARS. World Health Organization. Available at:

http://www.who.intlcsr/sars/country/2003_07_11 lent [Accessed July 21, 2018].

 

World Health Organization, 2017b. Disease and injury regional mortality estimates,

2000-2012. Available at:

http://www.who.intlhealthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates/en/index1.html

[Accessed January 23, 2017].

 

World Health Organization, 2007. Exercise PanStop 2007, Manila.

 

World Health Organization, 2009. Influenza-like illness in the United States and

Mexico. World Health Organization. Available at:

http://www.who.intlcsr/don/2009_04_24/en/ [Accessed October 25,2016].

 

World Health Organization, 2003b. World Health Organization global conference on

severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): where do we go from here?, Kuala

Lumpur. Available at:

http://www.who.intlcsr/sars/conference/june_ 2003/materials/reportien/.

 

Xinhua General News Service, 2003a. Arroyo earmarks fund for anti-SARS regional

fund. Xinhua General News Service, pp.1-2.

 

Xinhua General News Service, 2010. ASEAN, UN, USAID conduct major

international exercise to prepare for severe pandemic. Xinhua General News

Service, pp.1-2.

 

Xinhua General News Service, 2003b. ASEAN leaders to have special meeting on

SARS. Xinhua General News Service, pp.18-19.

 

Xinhua General News Service, 2003c. Asian countries push for standard airport

rules vs SARS. Xinhua General News Service, pp.15-16.

 

Xinhua General News Service, 2003d. Indonesia, Singapore to hold ministers'

meeting on SARS. Xinhua General News Service, pp.24-25.

 

Xinhua General News Service, 2004. Malaysia has no cases of bird flu: health

minister. Xinhua General News Service.

 

Youde, J., 2018. The securitization of health in the Trump era. Australian Journal of

International Affairs, 72(6), pp.535-550.

 

Youde, J., 2008. Who's Afraid of a Chicken? Securitization and Avian Flu.

Democracy and Security, 4(2), pp.148-169.

 

Yuan, Y., 2004. Roundup: Regional officials pledge joint efforts to address bird flu

crisis by Yuan Yuan. Xinhua General News Service, pp.77-79.

 

Lo Yuk-ping, C. & Thomas, N., 2010. How is health a security issue? Politics,

responses and issues. Health policy and planning, 25(6), pp.447-53. Available

at: http://www.ncbLnlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20961945 [Accessed October 18,

2014].

 

Yukawa, T., 2018. The ASEAN Way as a symbol: an analysis of discourses on the

ASEAN Norms. Pacific Review, 31(3), pp.298-314.

 

Zimmerman, E., 2014. Security cooperation in the Indo-Pacific: non-traditional

security as a catalyst. Journal of the Indian Ocean Region, 10(2), pp.150-165.

Available at:

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 080/19480881.2014.922325.

 

 

 

 


This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials.
You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research.

Back to previous page

Installed and configured by Bahagian Automasi, Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
If you have enquiries with this repository, kindly contact us at pustakasys@upsi.edu.my or Whatsapp +60163630263 (Office hours only)