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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kompetensi profesional guru mata pelajaran Reka
Cipta di sekolah menengah berdasarkan penilaian kendiri guru dan penilaian profesional
pentadbir sekolah terpilih. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan kaedah tinjauan digunakan dalam
kajian ini. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 270 guru dan 270 pentadbir yang telah dipilih
secara rawak berstrata berdasarkan kategori jawatan, lokasi, umur dan tahun pengalaman
mengajar. Instrumen kajian iaitu dua set soal selidik dibangunkan berdasarkan Model
Standard Kompetensi Guru Malaysia. Soal selidik disahkan oleh tiga orang pakar.
Kebolehpercayaan soal selidik daripada aspek ketekalan dalaman diukur menggunakan
indeks Alpha Cronbach, α=0.84-0.97 untuk domain-domain yang diuji. Oleh itu, instrumen
kajian didapati mempunyai kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan yang tinggi. Berdasar penilaian
kendiri, guru bersetuju bahawa mereka memiliki sikap profesional (M=4.01,SP=0.46), diikuti
pengetahuan profesional (M=3.89,SP=0.48) dan amalan profesional (M=3.83,SP=0.49).
Untuk kategori guru, ujian ANOVA yang dijalankan mendapati tiada perbezaan signifikan
secara statistik bagi kompetensi profesional guru berdasarkan umur [F(3,266)=0.10,p>0.05]
dan pengalaman tahun mengajar [F(3,266)=0.41,p>0.05]. Namun, ujian-t menunjukkan
wujud perbezaan signifikan [t(268)=0.01,p0.05] dan pengalaman tahun mengajar
guru [F(3,266)=0.67,P>0.05]. Ujian-t menunjukkan tiada perbezaan signifikan kompetensi
profesional guru berdasarkan bidang pengkhususan ijazah pertama guru
[t(268)=0.79,p>0.05]. Ujian korelasi Spearman pula mendapati tiada hubungan yang
signifikan di antara kompetensi profesional guru dengan umur (r=0.11,p>0.05) dan
pengalaman tahun mengajar guru (r=0.07,p>0.05). Kesimpulannya, dapatan utama kajian
menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan kompetensi profesional berdasarkan
bidang pengkhususan ijazah pertama guru (kejuruteraan dan bukan kejuruteraan). Namun,
tiada perbezaan yang signifikan kompetensi profesional berdasarkan umur dan
pengalaman mengajar. Implikasi kajian menunjukkan bidang pengkhususan ijazah pertama
guru mempengaruhi kompetensi profesional. Justeru, dicadangkan guru Reka Cipta
mestilah dalam kalangan mereka mempunyai kelayakan dalam bidang kejuruteraan. |
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