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Type :thesis
Subject :RD Surgery
Main Author :Arkan, Algarahi Alhussein
Title :Epoxy/fish scales hydroxyapatite (FsHAp) composites toughened by liquid natural rubber for biomedical applications
Place of Production :Tanjong Malim
Publisher :Fakulti Sains dan Matematik
Year of Publication :2019
Corporate Name :Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
The aims of this study were to improve the mechanical properties, thermal stability and biocompatibility of epoxy/fish scales hydroxyapatite (FsHAP) composite toughened with liquid natural rubber. The FsHAp was extracted from Tilapia fish scales using thermal method while liquid natural rubber was produced from poly(methyl methacrylate) grated natural rubber (MG30) via oxidative and photo degradation methods label as LMG30A and LMG30B, respectively. The analysis of liquid natural rubber was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) have shown that no significant chemical structure change between both LMG30 (A and B) and MG30. GPC analysis exhibited that the average molecular weight of LMG30A (29,307Da) was lower than LMG30B (97,693Da). The fracture toughness of the epoxy was increased up to 23 fold (15.2 MPa.m1/2) when epoxy loading with 10 wt% FsHAp and toughened with 6 phr LMG30A, whereas impact strength and flexural test increased up to twice as compared to neat epoxy. The morphology was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) showed uniform dispersion of rubber particles within the epoxy matrix with average diameter between 0.7 and 1.2 μm. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) curves have showed the thermal stability of the epoxy/FsHAp/LMG30A composite higher as compared to neat epoxy. The epoxy/FsHAp/LMG30A composite was proven to be biocompatible through cytotoxicity test. In conclusion, the epoxy/FsHAp/LMG30A composite shown higher mechanical properties, thermal stability and biocompatibility as compared to neat epoxy. As an implication, the developed epoxy/FsHAp/LMG30A composite is potential to be used as medical device applications.

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