UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh aspirasi kerjaya dan kepuasan
pekerjaan terhadap perkembangan kerjaya wanita dalam bidang pekerjaan teknikal. Reka bentuk
tinjauan telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Di samping itu, pendekatan kualitatif dalam bentuk temu
bual telah dijalankan dalam kajian ini bagi menyokong data kuantitatif yang diperolehi. Sampel
kajian seramai 105 orang pekerja wanita yang terdiri daripada 41 jurutera, 26 juruteknik
dan 38 penyelia telah dipilih secara rawak berkelompok di sektor pembuatan di Semenanjung Malaysia.
Instrumen kajian terdiri daripada satu set soal selidik dan protokol temu bual yang telah disahkan
oleh tujuh orang pakar. Data kajian dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan kekerapan,
peratusan, min dan sisihan piawai. Statistik inferens iaitu korelasi dan regresi juga
telah digunakan untuk menguji 10 hipotesis nol yang telah dibina. Dapatan utama daripada
soal selidik menunjukkan ketiga-tiga kumpulan sangat bersetuju (M=4.35, SP=0.46) bahawa
mereka mempunyai aspirasi untuk berubah. Dalam konteks persekitaran kerja pula,
responden bersetuju (M=4.20, SP=0.51) bahawa mereka selesa bekerja di tempat kerja sedia
ada dan responden juga bersetuju (M=4.09, SP=0.40) bahawa mereka mempunyai semangat kerja
yang tinggi di tempat kerja. Bagi analisis korelasi pula, terdapat hubungan signifikan tetapi
lemah antara aspirasi kerjaya dengan perkembangan kerjaya responden (r=0.28, p≤0.05). Namun
hubungan antara kepuasan pekerjaan dengan perkembangan kerjaya menunjukkan hubungan
signifikan yang sederhana (r=0.44, p≤0.05). Analisis regresi pula menunjukkan terdapat
pengaruh yang signifikan faktor waktu berkerja (β=0.29, p≤0.05), kenaikan pangkat (β=0.24, p≤0.05)
dan gaji (β=0.20, p≤0.05) terhadap peluang perkembangan kerjaya. Seterusnya, terdapat juga
pengaruh faktor yang signifikan waktu berkerja (β=0.26, p≤0.05), kenaikan pangkat (β=0.22,
p≤0.05), ganjaran (β=0.18, p≤0.05) dan gaji (β=0.18, p≤0.05) terhadap sokongan pihak
syarikat. Akhir sekali, hasil regresi juga menunjukkan waktu berkerja (β=0.21, p≤0.05)
mempengaruhi prestasi kerja. Kesimpulannya, dapatan empirikal kajian menunjukkan aspirasi kerjaya
dan kepuasan berkerja dalam kalangan pekerja teknikal wanita mempengaruhi
perkembangan kerjaya mereka. Implikasinya, pekerja teknikal wanita serta pihak majikan
perlu memberikan perhatian yang serius terhadap aspek aspirasi kerjaya, kepuasan
pekerjaan serta perkembangan kerjaya dalam bidang pekerjaan teknikal.
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