UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
This study aimed to construct an evaluation and benchmarking Decision Matrix (DM)
based on multi-criteria analysis for English mobile applications (E-apps) for young
learners in terms of Listening, Speaking, Reading, and Writing (LSRW) skills. The DM was
constructed based on the intersection between evaluation criteria in terms of LSRW and E-apps for
young learners. The criteria were adopted from a preschool education curriculum known
as the National Preschool Standard Curriculum 2016 standard. The data presented as the
DM include six E-apps as alternatives and 17 skills as criteria. Thereafter, the six
E-apps were evaluated by distributing a checklist form amongst three English learning lecturers in
early childhood learning department from local university in Perak. These apps were then
benchmarked by utilising two experimental MCDM methods, namely, best–worst method (BWM) and
Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). BWM is used for
weighting the evaluation criteria, whereas TOPSIS is used to benchmark the apps and
rank them from best to worst. TOPSIS was utilized in two decision-making contexts,
namely individual and group contexts. In group decision making, internal and external group
aggregations are applied. For validating the proposed DM, objective and subjective methods were
used. The results showed that (1) the integration of BWM and TOPSIS was effective for
solving benchmarking and ranking problems of E-apps. (2) The ranks of E-apps obtained from internal
and external TOPSIS group decision making were the same, with the first index app being
‘Montessori’ and the last index app being ‘FunWithFlupe’. (3) For objective validation,
remarkable differences were observed between the group scores, and they indicated that the
internal and external ranking results are identical.(4) For subjective validation,
the ranking of experts was exactly similar to the proposed benchmarking DM ranking
results. As conclusion, the proposed DM can be used for evaluation and benchmarking
different E-apps. The implications of this study will benefit
(1) English language teachers/designers for understanding how English course content
should be presented; (2) parents for screening and choosing suitable and reliable English learning
apps that will help their children; and (3) kindergarten teachers for choosing an
appropriate English app.
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