Abbatt, F. & McMahon, R. (1993). Teaching Heath Care Workers. 2nd Edition. pg
15-21. London: Macmillan.
Abdullahi, M. (2003). The attitude of Science Teachers in the Use of Instructional
Media. Kano Journal of Education, 2(1). pp 30-33.
Aditya, Sk. (2019). Teaching Aids and Instructional Materials - Tools for Teachers and
Students. Retrieved on 18/11/2019 from
https://cognitiontoday.com/2018/05/teaching-aids-and-instructional-materials-
tools-for-teachers-and-students/
Al-Saleem, B. I. A. (2012). The Interactive Whiteboard In English As A Foreign Language
(EFL) Classroom. European Scientific Journal, 8(3). Retrieved on 10/9/2018 from
https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/download/59/64
Alfahadi, A. M. (2015). The Effectiveness of Using Smart Board Technology in Teaching
English as a Foreign Language to Preparatory Year Students at Tabuk University. Education
Journal, 4(6), pg 332-337. Retrieved on 10/9/2018 from
ttp://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/edu
Amiri, R. & Sharifi, M. (2014). The Influence of Using Interactive Whiteboard on
Writings of EFL Students Regarding Adverbs. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 98. pg
242-250. Retrieved on 10/9/2018 from www.sciencedirect.com
Anderson, A.J. (2001). Small Sample: Does Size Matter?
Anthonia, N., Ugwuoke, N., Nwachukwu, R. & Ogbonnaya, K.A. (2016). Implementation
of Information Communication Technology in the Teaching/Learning Process
for Sustainable Development of Adults in West Africa Sub Sahara Region. Journal of Education
and Practice, 7(21), 14-19.
Astuti, K. W. (2015). The Use Of Flash Cards To Improve Young Learners’ Interest In Learning
English. Semarang State University.
Awan, N. (2019). A Study on Vocabulary-Learning Problems Encountered by BA English
Majors at the University Level of Education. Arab World English Journal,10. pg81-98.
10.24093/awej/vol10no3.6.
Baddeley, A. D. (1986). Working memory. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
Baddeley, A. D. (1999). Human memory. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Baleghizadeh, S. & Ashoori, A. (2011). The Impact of Two Instructional Techniques on EFL
Learners’ Vocabulary Knowledge: Flash Cards versus Word Lists.
MEXTESOL Journal, 35(2), 70-82.
Ba?o?lu, E.M. & Akdemir, O. (2010). A Comparison Of Undergraduate Students’
English Vocabulary Learning: Using Mobile Phones And Flash Cards. The Turkish Online
Journal of Educational Technology, 9(3).
Bellani, S. (2011). The Advantages of Using Flashcards in Learning. Retrieved on
4/11/2019 from https://EzineArticles.com/expert/Sandro_Bellani/998605
Bello, T. (1997). Writing Topics for Adult ESL Students. Paper presented at the 31st Annual
Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Language Convention, Orlando, Fl, USA.
Berk, L. E. & Winsler, A. (2002). Scaffolding children's learning: Vygotsky and early childhood
education (Naeyc Research Into Practice Series, Vol. 7). National Association for the
Education of Young Children.
Bransford, J. D., Brown, A. L. & Cocking, R, R. (1999). How People Learn.
Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Bryman, A. (2006). Integrating quantitative and qualitative research: How is it done?
Qualitative Research, 1(1), 97-113.
Cambridge University Press. (2019). Cambridge Dictionary. Retrieved on 7/10/2019 from
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/learner
Cannel, C. F. & Kahn, R. L. (1968). Interviewing. In G. Lindzey & A. Aronson (eds). The Handbook
of Social Psychology, vol. 2: Research Methods. New York: Addison-Wesley, pg 95-526.
C?iftc?i S., Tas?kaya S. & Alemdar M. (2013). “S?n?f O??retmenlerinin Fatih Projesi
I?lis?kin Go?ru?s?leri”. Elementary Education Online, 12(1), pg 227-240.
Copper, D. C. & Schindler, P. S. (2001). Business Research Methods. (7th ed). New York:
McGraw-Hill.
Cox, J. (2018). Technology in the Classroom: The Benefits of Smart Boards. Retrieved on
12/8/2018 from http://www.teachhub.com/technology-classroom- benefits-smart-boards
Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. (2nd
ed). United States of America: Sage.
Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods
research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Cross, D. (1991). A Practical Handbook of Language Teaching. London: Cassel.
Crystal, D. (2003). References. In English as a Global Language (pp. 192-201).
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). (2000). Handbook of qualitative research
(2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Diener, E. & Crandall, R. (1978). Ethics in Social and Behavioural Research.
Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Diouri, M. (2007). Blending the Old and New Ways of Teaching Tools
Revolutionising Traditional Arabic Language Learning & Teaching. Centre for the Advanced
Study of the Arab World, University of Edinburgh.
Dubec, R. (2017). Rubrics for Journals & Journaling. Retrieved on 3/3/2018 from
https://teachingcommons.lakeheadu.ca/rubrics-journals-journaling
Ehri, L. C. & Roberts, K. T. (1979). Do beginners learn printed words better in
context or in isolation? Child Development, 50(3), pg675-685.
Erten, ?. H. & Tekin, M. (2008). Effects on vocabulary acquisition of presenting new words in
semantic sets versus semantically unrelated sets. System, 36, 407-422.
Fareed, M., Ashraf, A. & Bilal M. (2016). ESL Learners' Writing Skills: Problems, Factors and
Suggestions. Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 4, pg81-92. 10.20547/jess0421604201.
Flick, U. (1998). An Introduction to Qualitative Research. London, Sage.
Frankfort-Nachmias, C & Nachmias, D. (1992). Research Methods in the Social Sciences.
London: Edward Arnold.
Gardner, H. (1993). Multiple Intelligences: The Theory in Practice. New York: Basic.
Gilfgren, V. (2012). Fun with Flashcards: 150+ Ideas for Using Flashcards in the
Classroom. Swedish.
Gill, S. K. (2002). International Communication: English Language Challenges for Malaysia.
Serdang: University Putra Malaysia Press.
Grin, F. & Arcand, J.L. (2013). Language in Economic Development: Is English Special
and is Linguistic Fragmentation Bad. In: Multilingual Matters (Ed.). English and
Development. Policy, Pedagogy and Globalization. pp243-266. Retrieved on 16/1/2018 from
https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:40075
Hatch, E. & Brown, C. (1995). Vocabulary, Semantic and Language Education. New York: Cambridge
University Press.
Haycraft, J. (1978). An Introduction to English Language Teaching. Harlow:
Longman.
Hidayet, T. (2010). TEFL Textbook Evaluation: From Teachers’ Perspectives.
Educational Research and Review, 5(9), pg 508-517. Retrieved on 18/11/2019 from
www.academicjournals.org/EFFR2
Hunt, A. & Beglar, D. (2002). Current Research and Practice in Teaching Vocabulary. In Richards, J.
C. & Renandya, W. A. (Eds.), Methodology in Language Teaching: An Anthology of Current
Practice, pg 267-272. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hur, J. W. & Suh, S. (2012) Making Learning Active with Interactive Whiteboards, Podcasts, and
Digital Storytelling in ELL Classrooms. Interdisciplinary Journal of Practice, Theory, and Applied
Research, 29(4). Retrieved on 18/12/2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/07380569.2012.734275
Hycner, R. H. (1985). Some guidelines for the phenomenological analysis of
interview data. Human Studies, 8, pg 279-303.
Intan, A.M.A. & Fatin, Z. (2015). The Star Online: Poor English due to weak teaching
methods. Retrieved on 16/1/2018 from
https://www.thestar.com.my/news/education/2015/05/31/poor-english-due-to-
weak-teaching-methods/#sJkM3BIEoUJZCUeV.99
Kennewell, S., & Morgan, A. (2003). Student teachers’ experiences and attitudes
Kvale, S. (1996). Interviews. London: Sage.
Lambert, N.M., McCombs, B. L. (1998). How Students Learn. Washington, DC: American
Psychological Association.
Lavrakas, P. J. (2008). Random Sampling. Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods.
SAGE.
Leny. (2006). Teaching Vocabulary Through Pictures in the Kindergarten Students.
Lewis, M. (1993). The Lexical Approach: The State of ELT and a way forward. Hove: England: Language
Teaching Publications.
Li, H. Y. (2004). Vocabulary Exercises Should Focus on the Output Training of Words.
Foreign Language Teaching.
Lipson, J. G. (1994). Ethical issues in ethnography. In J. M. Morse (Ed.), Critical
issues in qualitative research methods (pp. 332-355). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Liu, M., Moore, Z., Graham, L., & Lee, S. (2002). A look at the research on
computer-based technology use in second language learning: A review of the literature
from 1990-2000. Journal of Research on Technology in Education,
34(3), 250-273.
Malkawi, N. A. M. (2017). The Effect of Using Smart Board on the Achievement of
Tenth Grade Students in English language and on Verbal Interaction during Teaching in
Public Schools. International Research in Education, 5(1). Retrieved on 10/9/2018 from
http://ire.macrothink.org
Macklem, G. L. (2015). Boredom in the Classroom. Retrieved on 1/1/2020 from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314006839_Boredom_in_the_Classroom
Martin S., Shaw E., Daughenbaugh L. (2014). Using Smart Boards and Manipulatives in the
Elementary Science Classroom. TechTrends: Linking Research & Practice to Improve
Learning, pg90–96.
Martin, C. JR. (2015). Teaching Vocabulary Development Using Interactive
Whiteboards to Third Grade EFL Students In The United Arab Emirates. ProQuest LLC.
Masitoh, I. & Pujihartono, L. S. (2017). The Advantages and Disadvantages of Teaching
Recount Text Through Flashcard. Peradaban University Bumiayu.
Mayer, R. E. (2005). Cognitive theory of multimedia learning. In R.E. Mayer (Ed.), The Cambridge
Handbook of Multimedia Learning. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Mayer, R. E. (2005). Introduction to multimedia learning. In R.E. Mayer (Ed.), The Cambridge
Handbook of Multimedia Learning. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia learning (2nd ed). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Mayer, R. E. & Moreno, R. (2003). Nine Ways to Reduce Cognitive Load in Multimedia
Learning. Educational Psychologist, 38, pg 43-52.
Mckinney, B. (2012). Exploring Interactive Whiteboard Use in The 4 – 6 Grade Classroom
Using Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction. ProQuest LLC.
Melor, M.Y. & Nur, R.K.R. (2011). Motivation and attitudes for learning English among
year six students in primary rural school. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 11. Retrieved
on 16/1/2018 from www.sciencedirect.com
Mercer, N., Hennessy, S. & Warwick, P. (2019). Dialogue, Thinking Together and Digital
Technology in the Classroom: Some Educational Implications of a Continuing Line of Inquiry.
International Journal of Educational Research, 97, pg187-199. Retrieved
on 18/12/2019 from
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2017.08.007
Ministry of Education. (2013). Dokumen Standard Kurikulum Dan Pentaksiran.
Retrieved on 16/1/2018 from https://www.moe.gov.my/index.php/en/pegawai-
perkhidmatan-pendidikan/dokumen-standard-kurikulum-dan-pentakdiran-dskp
Ministry of Education. (2015). Surat Pekeliling Lembaga Peperiksaan Bil.2 Tahun 2015:
Format Peperiksaan Pusat Ujian Pencapaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR) Tahun 2016.
Retrieved on 10/3/2018 from
http://lp.moe.gov.my/index.php/pekeliling-surat-siaran/surat-pekeliling-lembaga-
peperiksaan/298-surat-pekeliling-lembaga-peperiksaan-bil-2-tahun-2015-format-
peperiksaan-pusat-ujian-pencapaian-sekolah-rendah-upsr-tahun-2016
Misbah, N. H., Mohamad, M., Md Yunus, M., & Ya’acob, A. (2017). Identifying the Factors
Contributing to Students’ Difficulties in the English Language Learning. Creative
Education, 8. Retrieved on 24/10/2018 from
https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2017.813136
Mishler, E. G. (1991). Representing Discourse: The Rhetoric of Transcription.
Journal of Narrative and Life History, 1, pg 80-225.
Morgan, G. L. (2008). Improving Student Engagement: Use Of The Interactive Whiteboard As
An Instructional Tool To Improve Engagement And Behavior In The Junior High School Classroom.
ProQuest LLC.
Mundy, J. J. (2011). Is There A Relationship Between Electronic White Boards In The Classroom And
Student Success?. ProQuest LLC.
Muscle, D. (2006). Expanding your child's vocabulary promotes skilled reading. Retrieved
on 22/8/2018 from http//ezinearticles.Com/Expanding-your–childs-
vocabulary-promotes-skilled-reading8id=153660
Mustapha, W. N. W. (2017). New Straits Times: English: Being proficient in a language
needs practice. Retrieved on 24/10/2018 from
https://www.nst.com.my/opinion/columnists/2017/10/294411/english-being-
proficient-language-needs-practice
Myles, F. (2017). Learning foreign languages in primary schools: is younger
better? Languages, Society & Policy. Retrieved from
https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9806
Mynbayeva, A., Sadvakassova, Z. & Akshalova, B. (2017). Pedagogy of the Twenty- First Century:
Innovative Teaching Methods. New Pedagogical Challenges in the 21st Century - Contributions of
Research in Education, Olga Bernad Cavero and Núria Llevot-Calvet, IntechOpen.
Retrieved on 22/7/2020 from
https://www.intechopen.com/books/new-pedagogical-challenges-in-the-21st-
century-contributions-of-research-in-education/pedagogy-of-the-twenty-first-
century-innovative-teaching-methods
Ngarofah, S. & Sumarni, A. (2019). Teaching Vocabulary Using Flashcard To Young
Learner. Project. Professional Journal of English Education, 1(6), pg 775-782.
Nation, I. S. P. (2002). Best Practice in Vocabulary Teaching and Learning. In
Richards, J. C. & Renandya, W. A. (Eds.). Methodology in Language teaching: An Anthology of
Current Practice, pg 258-266. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Naved, Z. (2015). The Importance of the English Language in Today's World. Retrieved
on 16/1/2018 from
https://owlcation.com/humanities/importanceofenglishlanguages
Neeley, T. (2012). Global Business Speaks English. Retrieved on 16/1/2018 from
https://hbr.org/2012/05/global-business-speaks-english
Nordqvist, J. (2015). Using Interactive White Boards in Language Teaching: Back to Teacher
Centeredness or a Step Forward? Retrieved on 10/9/2018 from
https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:850046/FULLTEXT01.pdf
Patall, E.A., Sylvester, B.J., and Han, C.W. (2014). The role of competence in the
effects of choice on motivation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 50(1), pg27–44.
Patton, M.Q. (1980). Qualitative Evaluation Methods. Beverely Hiils, CA: Sage.
Peters, K. (2011). Including service learning in the undergraduate communication sciences and
disorders curriculum: Benefits, challenges, and strategies for success. American Journal of
Audiology, 20(2), pg 181–196. Retrieved from doi:10.1044/1059- 0889(2011/10-0031) on 20/7/2020
Remillard and Heck, (2014). Conceptualizing the curriculum enactment process in
mathematics education. ZDM. International Journal on Mathematics Education, 46, (5), pg705-718
Richards, J.C., & Renandya, W.A. (2002). Methodology in language teaching: An anthology
of current practice. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Seal, B. D. (1991). Vocabulary Learning and Teaching. In Celce-Murcia, M. (Ed.), Teaching
English as a Second or Foreign Language (pp. 296-311). Boston: Heinle & Heinle.
?EN, M. & A?IR, A. (2014). The Effects Of Using An Interactive White Board In Teaching English On
The Achievement Of Primary School Students. Hasan Ali Yücel E?itim Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2).
pg 39-54. Retrieved on 10/9/2018 from
http://dergipark.gov.tr/iuhayefd/issue/8801/110028
Shen. M. Y. (1993). Vocabulary Method - A New Way of Teaching. Foreign
Language Sector, 62.
Shenton, A. & Pagett, L. (2008). From ‘bored’ to screen: The Use of the Interactive Whiteboard for
Literacy in Six Primary Classrooms in England. Literacy, 41(3), pg 129-136.
Shenton, K. (2004). Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research
projects. Education for Information, 22. pg63-75.
Smith, M. K. (2018). ‘What is teaching?’ in the encyclopaedia of informal education.
Retrieved on 22/10/2019 from http://infed.org/mobi/what-is-teaching/
Stewart, S. D. (2013). Integration of Interactive Whiteboards Within Classroom Instruction
in a Small, Rural School District In the South Eastern United States. ProQuest LLC.
Suhaimi, N. (2014). The Effectiveness of Using Flash Card in Teaching Vocabulary (A Quasi
Experimental Study in the Seventh Grade of MTs N Jakarta). Syarif Hidayatullah State
Islamic University Jakarta.
Sukhdev, S. (2011). Teaching aids in classrooms – both the traditional and the modern. Retrieved
on 18/10/2019 from www.indiastudychannel.com/resources/146408-
Teaching-aids-in-classrooms-both-the-traditional-and-the-modern.aspx
The Malaysian Times. (2012). English language and its importance to Malaysia’s growth.
Retrieved on 16/1/2018 from
http://www.themalaysiantimes.com.my/english-language-and-its-importance-to-
malaysia%E2%80%99s-growth/
Tribble, C. (1996). Writing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Veeramanickam, M. R. M. & Mohanapriya, M. (2016). IOT Enabled Futures Smart Campus with Effective
E-Learning: i-Campus. GSTF Journal of Engineering Technology (JET), 3(4).
Wall, K., Higgins, S. & Smith, H. (2005). The visual helps me understand the
complicated things’: pupil views of teaching and learning with interactive whiteboards.
British Journal of Educational Technology, 36(5), pg851–867.
Wertsch, J. (1993). Voices of the mind: A sociocultural approach to mediated action.
Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Wertsch, J. & Tulviste, P. (1994). Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky and contemporary
developmental psychology. In R. Parke, P. A. Ornstein, J. J. Rieser, & C. Zahn- Waxler (Eds.),
A century of developmental psychology (pp. 333-354).
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Wisdom, J. & Creswell, J. W. (2013). Mixed Methods: Integrating Quantitative and
Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis While Studying Patient-Centered Medical
Home Models. AHRQ Publications. Retrieved on 12/22/2018 from http://www.ahrq.gov/
Yang, Y. C. (1999). The Epoch of English Vocabulary and its Enlightenment to English
Teaching. Foreign Language Sector, 63.
Yuen, M.K. (2015). The Star Online: Poor English a major handicap. Retrieved on 16/1/2018 from
https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2015/11/15/poor-
english-a-major-handicap-its-not-just-young-doctors-workers-in-various-sectors- too-have-a-weak/
Zhang, B. C. & Wei. H. (2004). Study on the Presentation of English Vocabulary
Teaching. Foreign Language and Foreign Language Teaching, 4, pg 24-27.