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| Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
| Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kreativiti dalam lukisan murid Autisme Spectrum Disorder
(ASD) berdasarkan Torrance Test of Creative Thinking. Kajian menggunakan
pendekatan kualitatif iaitu reka bentuk kajian kes. Teori Perkembangan
Kanak-Kanak dan Teori Kreativiti Torrance digunakan dalam kajian ini yang memfokuskan
kepada perkembangan kognitif dan juga kreativiti kanak- kanak. Peserta kajian terdiri
dari tiga orang murid ASD yang berumur 11 tahun daripada Program Pendidikan Khas
Integrasi (PPKI) di Selangor, dan mereka telah dipilih secara persampelan bertujuan.
Ujian Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (TTCT) digunakan untuk mengukur kreativiti murid
dalam lukisan murid ASD. Aspek yang dinilai adalah keaslian, kelancaran, kelenturan dan
penghuraian. Data kajian dikumpulkan melalui ujian TTCT dan juga temu bual. Indeks kreativiti
TTCT menunjukkan aspek keaslian adalah 233, aspek kelancaran 500, aspek kelenturan 240 dan aspek
penghuraian 213. Dapatan kajian keseluruhan mendapati indeks kreativiti bagi aspek keaslian,
kelenturan dan penghuraian bagi murid ASD berada pada tahap yang rendah dan aspek kelancaran
pada tahap sederhana. Temu bual menunjukkan terdapat beberapa tema yang muncul iaitu keluarga
yang memberi sokongan melalui pembelian alatan mewarna dan melukis, dan juga melalui sokongan
moral. Selain itu, guru juga memberi sokongan melalui tunjukcara melukis, pembelajaran
mengikut tahap keupayaan murid dan hasil akhir murid menjadi pendorong kepada kreativiti
murid dalam lukisan. Tema lain yang muncul adalah rakan sebaya, minat dan emosi. Kesimpulannya,
dapatan utama kajian menunjukkan kreativiti dalam lukisan murid ASD adalah rendah
kecuali dalam aspek kelancaran. Namun data temu bual menunjukkan guru sebagai
faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kreativiti melukis murid ASD diikuti oleh faktor
keluarga, rakan sebaya, minat serta emosi murid.
Implikasi kajian menunjukkan kreativiti murid ASD perlu dipertingkatkan dengan urid dalam
lukisan dengan bantuan guru, keluarga dan rakan sebaya.
|
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