UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membina model pembuatan keputusan berasaskan faktor dalam
pelaksanaan dasar 60:40 di sekolah menengah harian di Malaysia. Pendekatan kajian yang digunakan
adalah kajian reka bentuk dan pembangunan (design and development research) yang dilaksanakan
dalam tiga fasa iaitu fasa analisis keperluan, fasa pembangunan dan rekabentuk serta fasa
penilaian. Fasa analisis keperluan dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan kaedah temu bual semi-struktur
bersama tujuh orang pakar. Manakala fasa pembangunan dan rekabentuk dijalankan dalam dua peringkat.
Peringkat pertama adalah temu-bual pakar bagi mengenal pasti aspek yang perlu dimasukkan ke dalam
model yang dibina. Seterusnya peringkat kedua melibatkan 20 orang pakar dimana teknik fuzzy
delphi digunakan bagi mencapai kesepakatan pakar. Pada fasa kedua kajian ini, satu model
prototaip telah dibina. Seterusnya, fasa penilaian melibatkan 347 orang pengetua sekolah
menengah harian sebagai responden kajian untuk menjawab soal selidik. Fasa ini bertujuan untuk
membuat penilaian ke atas model prototaip yang dibentuk dalam fasa sebelumnya. Dapatan kajian yang
diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis korelasi Pearson dan regresi berganda. Di akhir fasa
penilaian, satu model sebenar telah dibina dan didapati bahawa faktor persekitaran
sekolah (R² change=0.401, p=0.000) merupakan faktor yang paling memberi sumbangan terhadap
pembuatan keputusan. Ini diikuti oleh faktor risiko (R² change=0.085, p=0.000), pentadbir (R²
change=0.051, p=0.000), kendiri murid (R² change=0.035, p=0.000), pencapaian akademik
(R² change=0.019, p=0.000) dan ibu bapa (R² change=0.014, p=0.000). Hasil dapatan
kajian ini mengukuhkan model sedia ada dengan memberi tumpuan kepada isu yang spesifik iaitu
pelaksanaan dasar 60:40. Selain itu, model dibina juga memberi input kepada pihak Kementerian
Pendidikan Malaysia untuk menyediakan persekitaran sekolah yang kondusif yang mana ini adalah
faktor penyumbang paling utama dalam pembuatan keputusan. Seterusnya dapatan kajian ini boleh
dijadikan panduan kepada pengetua dalam pembuatan keputusan bagi memastikan pelaksanaan dasar 60:40
mencapai sasaran yang ditetapkan. Kajian ini boleh dilanjutkan dengan memberi
tumpuan kepada kelompok pentadbir yang berlainan dan jenis sekolah yang berbeza.
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