UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
The increasing number in annual road fatalities has caused a major challenge in many
countries. Minimising fatalities and improving safety are the top priorities of different
countries. This study aimed to analyse driver behaviours in Malaysia and the impacts
of practising eco-driving to improve safety, reduce fuel consumption and green gas
emission by using smartphone sensors and OBD2 (ELM327) adapter based on event
thresholds and machine learning algorithms. In the experimental study, 30 drivers had
participated, which were 17 novice drivers (7 males and 10 females) and 13 experienced
drivers (8 males and 5 females). A Honda Civic 2019 car was used in the experiment.
A specific route was selected for all drivers, which consisted of two types of road
(highway and urban), with a total distance of 20.6 km. The analysis of driving behaviour
was based on threshold events and machine learning algorithms. This was to classify
the different driving scenarios. In the driver’s profiling, driving behaviour was
categorised into three driving behaviours, such as safe, normal, and aggressive driving.
Random Forest model was selected for the classification after being compared to other
different machine learning algorithms (Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, KNearest
Neighbour, and Naïve Bayes models). The results of this experiment showed
that a remarkable reduction in terms of fuel consumption and CO2 emission of up to
30% less was achieved when participants followed the eco driving techniques.
Moreover, aggressive events were notably reduced in eco driving as compared to
normal driving. Furthermore, the selected machine learning model was able to
differentiate and classify different driving scenarios with high classification accuracy
of up to 100 %, such as identifying male and female drivers, novice and experienced
drivers, and driving in the highway or city. |
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