UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
|
|
Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Lateral Ankle Sprains (LAS) are the most common soft tissue injuries among athletes.
This study aimed to examine the effects of a six-week MobEx Model Intervention
Program on athletes without previous history of Lateral Ankle Sprains (W/OLAS) and
athletes with a previous history of Lateral Ankle Sprains (WLAS), specifically to alter
the intrinsic risk factors consist of ankle dorsiflexion range of motion, dynamic balance,
functional ability of the ankle. A single blinded prospective randomized control trail
with experimental cross-sectional research design was used in this study. The
researcher recruited 33 athletes W/OLAS and 27 athletes WLAS independently. They
were randomized into MobEx Group (MGR N=20), Placebo Group (PCR N=20) and
Control Group (CGR N=20). The MGR undergone six weeks MobEx Model
Intervention Program, the PGR received placebo intervention for six weeks and the
CGR received no intervention. Baseline measurements were taken for DF ROM by
Weight Bearing Lunge Test, dynamic balance by Modified Bass Test for Dynamic
Balance, and foot and ankle ability measure for Activities of Daily Living (FAAMADL)
and Sports Subscale (FAAM-SS) using Foot and Ankle Ability Measure
questionnaire before and after the intervention. After one month, these variables were
measured again for retention test. The MANOVA test results revealed that there are
significant differences among all criterion measures at ρ |
References |
Aaltonen, S., Karjalainen, H., Heinonen, A., Parkkari, J., & Kujala, U.M. (2007). Prevention of Sports Injuries. Arch Intern Med, 167(15), 1585-92.
Abernethy, L. (2003). Impact of school sports injury. Br J Sports Med, 37(4), 354-355.
Alexio, P., Atalaia, T., & Abrantes, J. (2021). Dynamic joint stiffness: a critical review, in: Berhardt (Ed), Advances in Medicine and Biology 175, Nova Science Publishers, New York.
Anderson, V. B., & Wee, E. (2011). Impaired joint proprioception at higher shoulder elevations in chronic rotator cuff pathology. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 92(7), 1146-1151. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2011.02.004
Ageberg, E., Zatterstrom, A. E., & Moritz, U. (1998). Stabilometry and one-leg hop have high test-retest reliability. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 8, 198-202.
Ambegaonkar, J.P., Caswell. S.V., Winchwater, J.B., Shimokochi, Y., Cortes, N., & Caswell, A.M. (2013). Balance comparisons between female dancers and active non dancers. Res Q Exerc Sport, 84(1), 24-29. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2013.762287
Ambegaonkar, J.P., Redmond, C.J., Winter, C., Cortes, N., Ambegaonkar, S.J., Thompson, B., & Guyer, S.M. (2011). Ankle stabilizers affect agility but not vertical jump or dynamic balance performance. Foot Ankle Spec, 4(6), 354-60.
Anandacoomarasamy, A., & Barnsley, L. (2005). Long term outcomes of inversion ankle injuries. Br J Sports Med, 39(3), e14
Arazi, H., Faraji, H., & Mehrtash, M. (2013). Anthrophrometric and Physiological profile of Iranian Junior Elite Gymnasts. Facta Universitatis Series Physical Education and Sports, 11, 35-42.
Arnold, B.L., Linens, S.W., de la Motte, S.J, & Ross, S.E. (2009). Concentric evertor strength differences and functional ankle instability: a meta-analysis. J Athl Train, 44(6):653–662.
Ashton-Miller, J.A., Wojtys, E.M., Huston, L.J., & Fry-Welch, D. (2001). Can proprioception really be improved by exercises? Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 9:128–136.
Assmann, S.F., Pocock, S.J., Enos, L.E., & Kasten, L.E. (2000). Subgroup analysis and other (mis) uses of baseline data in clinical trials. The Lancet, 355, 1064-1069
Aydin, T., Yildiz, Y., Yildiz C., Atesalp, S., & Kalyon, T.A. (2002). Ankle proprioception: a comparison between female teenage gymnasts and controls; Foot Ankle Int, 3 (1), 11-20.
Bahr, R. (2002). Can we prevent ankle sprains? In: MacAuley D, Best TM, eds. Evidence-Based Sports Medicine (pp 470-490). London, England: BMJ Books.
Bahr, R., & Bahr, I.A. (1997). Incidence of acute volleyball injuries: a prospective cohort study of injury mechanisms and risk factors. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 7, 166–171.
Bahr, R., Reeser, J.C., & Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (2003). Injuries among world-class professional beach volleyball players. The Fédération Internationale de Volleyball beach volleyball injury study. Am J Sports Med, 31(1), 119-25.
Banks, A.S., Downey, M.S., Martin, D.E., & Miller, S.J. (2001). Foot and Ankle Surgery (pp. 1898-902). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Banwell, H.A., Uden, H., Marshall, N., Altmann, C., & Williams, C.M. (2019). The iPhone Measure app level function as a measuring device for the weight bearing lunge test in adults: a reliability study. J Foot Ankle Res, 12: 37.
Barret, D.S., Cobb, A.G., & Bentley, G. (1991). Joint proprioception in normal, osteoarthritic and replaced knees. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (British Volume), 73B, 53-56.
Barrett, A., & Caulfield, B. (2009). Weight-bearing dorsiflexion is associated with sagittal plane kinematics during gait. Physical Therapy Reviews, 13, 200.
Basnett, C.R., Hanish, M.J., Wheeler, T.J., Miriovsky, D.J., Danielson, E.L., Barr, J.B., & Terry L. Grindstaff, T.L. (2013). Ankle Dorsiflexion Range of Motion Influences Dynamic Balance in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 8(2): 121–128
Batson, G. (2009). Update on Proprioception Considerations for Dance Education. J Dance Med Sci, 13(2), 35-41.
Baumhauer, J.F., Alosa, D.M., Renstrom, A.F., Trevino, S., & Beynnon, B. (1995). A prospective study of ankle injury risk factors. Am J Sports Med, 23, 564–570.
Beazell, J.R., Grindstaff, T.L., Sauer, L.D., Magrum, E.M., Ingersoll, C.D., & Hertel, J. (2012). Effects of a proximal or distal tibiofibular joint manipulation on ankle range of motion and functional outcomes in individuals with chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 42(2), 125-134.
Beazell, J., Grindstaff, T.L., Drewes, L.K., Margum, E.M., Hertel, J., & Ingersoll, C.D. (2010). Effetcts of tibiofbular joint manipulation on ankle range of motion and functional outcomes in individuals with chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 40(1), A30.
Beedie, C.J., Coleman, D.A., & Foad, A.J. (2007). Positive and negative placebo effects resulting from the deceptive administration of an ergogenic aid. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 17, 259-269.
Bennell, K., Talbot, R., Wajswelner, H., Techovanich, W., Kelly, D., & Hall, A. (1998). Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of a weight-bearing lunge measure of ankle dorsi flexion. Aust J Physiother, 44(3), 175-80.
Beynnon, B.D., Murphy, D.F., & Alosa, D.M. (2002). Predictive factors for lateral ankle sprains: a literature review. J Athl Train, 37, 376-80.
Beynnon, B.D., Renstrom, P.A., Alosa, D.M., Baumhauer, J.F., & Vacek, P.M. (2001). Ankle ligament injury risk factors: a prospective study of college athletes. J Orthop Res, 9, 213–220.
Beumer, A., van Hemert, W.L.W., Swierstra, B.A., Lasper, L.E., & Belkoff, S.M. (2003). A biomechanical evaluation of the tibiofibular and tibiotalar ligaments of the ankle. Foot Ankle Int, 24(5), 426-9.
Bianco, L., Fermin, S., Oates, R., May, J., Cheatham, S.W., & Nasypany, A. (2019). Use of the Mulligan concept in the treatment of lateral ankle sprains in the active population: an exploratory prospective case series. J Can Chiropr Assoc, 63(3): 154–161.
Bielska, I.A., Wang, X., Lee, R., & Johnson, A.P. (2019). The health economics of ankle and foot sprains and fractures: A systematic review of English-language published papers. Part 2: The direct and indirect costs of injury. Foot, 39, 115- 121.
Bohannon, R.W., Tiberio, D., & Waters, G. (1991). Motion measured from forefoot and hind foot landmarks during passive ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 13(1), 20-22.
Boswell. (1991) Compression of two methods of improving dynamic balance of mentally retarded children, Percept Mot Skills, 73, 759-764.
Bozkurt, M., Yilmaz, E., Atlihan, D., Tekdemir, I., Havitçiogglu, H., & Günal, I. (2003). The proximal tibiofibular joint: an anatomic study. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 406(1), 136-140.
Braun, B.L. (1999). Effects of ankle sprain in a general clinical population 6 to18 months after medical evaluation. Arch Fam Med, 8, 143–148.
Bridgman, S.A., Clement, D., Downing, A., Walley, G., Phair, I., & Maffulli, N. (2003). Population based epidemiology of ankle sprains attending accident and emergency units in the West Midlands of England, and a survey of UK practice for severe ankle sprains. Emerg Med J, 20(6), 508-510.
Brody, L.T. (2012). Effective therapeutic exercise prescription: the right exercise at the right dose. J Hand Ther, 25(2), 220-232.
Brostrom, L. (1964). Sprained ankles: I, anatomic lesions on recent sprains. Acta Chir Scand, 128, 483–495.
Brown, C., Padua, D., Marshall, S.W., & Guskiewicz, K. (2008). Individuals with mechanical ankle instability exhibit different motion patterns than those with functional ankle instability and ankle sprain copers. Clin Biomech, 23(6), 822- 831.
Burgess, P.R., Wei, J.Y., Clark, F.J., & Simon, J. (1982). Signaling of kinesthetic information by peripheral sensory receptors. Ann Rev of Neurosci, 5, 171-187.
Burgess, P.R., & Clark, F.J. (1969). Characteristics of knee joint receptors in the cat. J Physiol, 203(2), 317-335.
Burke, D., Gandevia, S.C., & Macefield, G. (1988). Responses to passive movement of receptors in joint, skin and muscle of human hand. J. Physiol, 402(1), 347-361.
Burks, R.T., & Morgan, J. (1994). Anatomy of the lateral ankle ligaments. Am J Sports Med, 22(1), 72-6.
Carcia, C.R., Martin, R.L., & Drouin, J.M. (2008). Validity of the foot and ankle ability measure in athlets with chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train, 43(2), 179-183.
Carpenter, J.E., Blasier, R.B., & Pellizzon, G.G. (1998). The effects of muscle fatigue on shoulder joint position sense. Am J Sports Med, 26(2), 262-265.
Chisholm, M.D., Brimingham, T.B., Brown, J., & Chesworth, B.M. (2012). Reliability and validity of a weight-bearing measure of ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. Physiother Can, 64(4), 347-355.
Clark, F.J., & Burgess, P.R. (1975). Slowly adapting receptors in cat knee joint: can they signal joint angle? J Neurophysiol, 38(6), 1448-1463.
Clark, M. (2008). Integrated Balance Training. National Academy of Sports Medicine: United States of America.
Clark, N. C., Röijezon, U., & Treleaven, J. (2015). Proprioception in musculoskeletal rehabilitation. Part 2: clinical assessment and intervention. Man Ther, 20(3):378–387.
Cleland, J.A., Mintken, P., Mcdevitt, A., Bieniek, M., Carpenter, K., Kulp, K., & Whitman, J.M. (2013). Manual physical therapy and exercise versus supervised home exercise in the management of patients with inversion ankle sprain: a multicenter randomized clinical trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 43(7), 443- 455.
Clifton, D.R., Koldenhoven, R.M., Hertel, J., Onate, J.A., Dompier, T.P., & Kerr, Z.Y. (2017). Epidemiological patterns of ankle sprains in youth, high school, and college football. Am J Sports Med, 45(2):417–425.
Close, J. R. (1956). Some applications of the functional anatomy of the ankle joint. J Bone Joint Surg, 38(4), 761-781.
Cochrane, C. G. (1987). Joint mobilization principles. Physical Therapy, 67(7), 1105- 1109.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for The Behavioral Sciences, Hillsdale, New Jersey, United States of America: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Collins, N., Teys, P., & Vicenzino, B. (2004). The initial effects of a Mulligan’s mobilization with movement technique on dorsiflexion and pain in sub-acute ankle sprains. Man Ther, 9 (2), 77–82.
Colloca, C.J., Keller, T.S., & Gunzburg, T.L. (2003). Neuromechanical characterization of in vivo lumbar spinal manipulation. Part I Neurophysiological response. J Manipulative Physiol Ther, 26, 579-591.
Cordova, M.L., Scott, B.D., Ingersoll, C.D., & LeBlanc, M.J. (2005). Effects of ankle support on lower-extremity functional performance: a meta analysis. Med Sci Sports exerc, 37(4), 635-41.
Cosby, N.L., & Hertel, J. (2011). Relationships between measures of posterior talar glide and ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. Athl Train Sports Health Care, 3(2), 76-85.
Cosby, N. L., Koroch, M., Grindstaff, T. L., Parente, W., & Hertel, J. (2011). Immediate effects of anterior to posterior talocrural joint mobilizations following acute lateral ankle sprain. J Man Manip Ther 19(2), 76-83.
Cruz-Díaz, D., Lomas Vega, R., Osuna-Pérez, M.C., Hita-Contreras, F., & Martínez- Amat, A. (2015). Effects of joint mobilization on chronic ankle instability: a randomized controlled trial. Disabil Rehabil, 37(7):601–610.
Cumps, E., & Meeusen, R. (2006). Measuring proprioception using balance field tests: A practical tool for evaluating rehabilitation goals? Ankle Symposium Supplement sections: Abstarcts (pp. A-13). Dublin: J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.
Dananberg, H. J. (2004). Manipulation of the ankle as a method of treatment for ankle and foot pain. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, 94(4), 395-399.
Davenport, T.E., Kulig, K., & Fisher, B.E. (2010). Ankle manual therapy for individuals with post-acute ankle sprains: description of a randomized, placebocontrolled clinical trial. BMC Complement Altern Med, 10, 59.
Davids, K., & Glazier, P. (2010). Deconstructing neurobiological coordination: the role of biomechanics-motor control nexus. Exerc Sport Sci Rev , 38(2), 86-90.
Davis, R.B., & DeLuca, P.A. (1996). Cait characterization via dynamic joint stiffness. Gait Posture, 4(3), 224-231.
Delahunt, E., & Remus, A. (2019). Risk factors for lateral ankle sprains and chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train, 54(6), 611-616.
Delahunt, E.D., Cusack, K., Wilson, L., & Doherty, C. (2013). Joint mobilization acutely improves landing kinematics in chronic ankle instability. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 514-519.
Delahunt, E., Monaghan, K., & Caulfield, B. (2006). Altered neuromuscular control and ankle joint kinematics during walking in subjects with functional instability of the ankle joint. Am J Sports Med, 34(12), 1970-6.
Denegar, C. R., Hertel, J., & Fonseca, J. (2002). The effect of lateral ankle sprain on dorsiflexion range of motion, posterior talar glide, and joint laxity. The J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 32(4), 166-176.
Denegar, C. R., & Miller, S. J.3rd. (2002). Can chronic ankle instability be prevented? Rethinking management of lateral ankle sprains. J Athl Train, 37(4), 430.
de Noronha, M., Refshauge, K.M., Herbert, R.D., Kilbreath, S.L., & Hertel, J. (2006). Do voluntary strength, proprioception, range of motion, or postural sway predict occurrence of lateral ankle sprain? Br J Sports Med, 40(10), 824-8.
Dettori, J.R., Pearson, B.D., Basmania, C.J., & Lednar, W.M. (1994). Early ankle mobilization. The immediate effect on acute lateral ankle sprains. (A randomized control trail). Military Medicine , 159(1), 15-20.
de Vet, H.C., Terwee, C.B., Mokkink, L.B., & Knol, D.L. (2011). Measurement in Medicine a Practical Guide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Distefano, L.J., Padua, D.A., Brown, C.N., & Guskiewicz, K.M. (2008). Lower extremity kinematics and ground reaction forces after prophylactic lace-up ankle bracing. J Athl Train, 43(3), 234-41.
Dizon, J.M., & Reyes, J.J. (2010). A systematic review on the effectiveness of external ankle supports in the prevention of inversion ankle sprains among elite and recreational players. J Sci Med Sport, 13(3), 309-17.
Docherty, C. L., Moore, J. H., & Arnold, B. L. (1998). Effects of strength training on strength development and joint position sense in functionally unstable ankles. J Athl Train, 33(4), 310-314.
Doherty, C., Delahunt, E., Caulfield, B., Hertel, J., Ryan, J., & Bleakley, C. (2014). The incidence and prevalence of ankle sprain injury: a systematic review and metaanalysis of prospective epidemiological studies. Sports Med, 44, 123–40.
Drewes, L.K., McKeon, P.O., Kerrigan, D.C., & Hertel, J. (2009). Dorsiflexion deficit during jogging with chronic ankle instability. J Sci Med Sport, 12(6), 685-7.
Eechaute, C., Vaes, P., Aerschot, L.V., Asman, S., & Duquet, W. (2007). The clinimetric qualities of patient-assessed instruments for measuring chronic ankle instability: A systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 8, 6.
Eichenblat, M., & Nathan, H. (1983). The proximal tibio fibular joint. Int Orthop, 7(1), 31-39.
Eiling, E., Bryant, A.L., Petersen, W., Murphy, A., & Hohmann, E. (2007). Effects of menstrual-cycle hormone flectuations on musculo-tendinous stiffness and knee joit laxity. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 15:126-32.
Ekstrand, J., & Tropp, H. (1990). The incidence of ankle sprains in soccer. Foot Ankle Int, 11, 41–44.
Ekstrand, J., & Gillquist, J. (1983). Soccer injuries and their mechanisms: a prospective study. Med Sci Sports Exerc , 15:267–270.
Emery, C.A.J., Cassidy, D., Klassen, T.P., Rosychuk, R.J., & Rowe, B.H. (2005). Effectiveness of a home-based balance-training program in reducing sportsrelated injuries among healthy adolescents: a cluster randomized controlled trial. CMAJ, 6(172), 749-752.
Ergen, E., & Ulkar, B. (2008). Proprioception and ankle injuries in soccer. Clin Sports Med, 27: 195-217
Espregueira-Mendes, J., & Vieira da Silva, M. (2006). Anatomy of the proximal tibiofibular joint. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 14(3), 241-249.
Fahlstrom, M., Yeap, J.S., Alfredson, H., & Soderman, K. (2006). Shoulder pain a common problem in world-class badminton players. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 16(3), 168-73.
Fernandez, W.G., Yard, E.E., & Comstock, R.D. (2007). Epidemiology of lower extremity injuries among U.S. high school athletes. Acad Emerg Med , 14(7), 641-5.
Fernandes, N., Allison, G.T., & Hopper, D. (2000). Peroneal latency in normal and injured ankles at varying angles of perturbation. Clin Orthop, 375, 193–201.
Ferran, N.A., & Maffulli, N. (2006) Epidemiology of sprains of the lateral ankle ligament complex. Foot Ankle Clin, 11(3):659-62.
Fleiss, J.L. (1986). The Design and Analysis of Clinical Experiments. Wiley. New York.
Fong, C.M., Blackburn, J.T., Norcross, M.F., & Padua, D.A. (2011). Ankledorsiflexion range of motion and landing biomechanics. J Athl Train, 46(1), 5- 10.
Fong, D. T., Hong, Y., Chan, L., Yung, P. S., & Chan, K. (2007). A systematic review on ankle injury and ankle sprain in sports. Sports Medicine, 37(1), 73-94.
Fong, D.T.P., Man, C.Y., Yung, P.S.H., Cheung, S.Y., & Chan, K.M. (2008). Sportrelated ankle injuries attending an accident and emergency department. Injury, 39(10), 1222-1227.
Freeman, M. A. R., & London, E. (1965). Instability of the foot after injuries to the lateral ligament of the ankle. J Bone Joint Surg, British Volume, 47(4), 669- 677.
Fuller, E.A. (1999). Center of pressure and its theoretical relationship to foot pathology. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc, 89, 278–29.
Gandevia, S.C. (1996). Kinesthesia: Roles For Afferent Signals And Motor Commands. In: Integration of Motor, Circulatory, Respiratory and Metabolic Control During Exercise (pp. 128-172). New York: Oxford University Press.
Gandevia, S.C. (2001). Spinal and supraspinal factors in human muscle fatigue. Physiol Rev, 81(4), 1725-1789.
Garrick, J. G. (1977). The frequency of injury, mechanism of injury, and epidemiology of ankle sprains. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 5(6), 241-242.
Garrick, J.G., & Requa, R.K. (1998). The epidemiology of foot and ankle injuries in sports. Clin Sports Med. 7, 29-36.
Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., & Airasian, P. (2009). Educational Research: Competencies for analysis and applications (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Merrill.
Gerber, J.P., Williams, G.N., Scoville, C.R, Arciero, R.A., & Taylor, D.C (1998). Persistent disability associated with ankle sprains: a prospective examination of an athletic population. Foot Ankle Int, 19(10), 653-660.
Gilbreath, J.P., Gaven, S.L., Van Lunen, L., & Hoch, M.C. (2014). The effects of mobilization with movement on dorsiflexion range of motion, dynamic balance, and self-reported function in individuals with chronic ankle instability. Man Ther, 19(2), 152-7.
Giroto, N., Hespanhol Junior, L., Gomes, M., & Lopes, A. (2017). Incidence and risk factors of injuries in Brazilian elite handball players: A prospective cohort study. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 27(2), 195-202.
Gribble, P.A., Bleakley, C.M., Caulfield, B.M., Docherty, C.L., Fourchet, F., Fong, D.T., Hertel, J., Hiller, C.E., Kaminski, T.W., McKeon, P.O., Refshauge, K.M., Verhagen, E.A., Vicenzino, B.T., Wikstrom, E.A., & Delahunt, E. (2016). 2016 consensus statement of the International Ankle Consortium: prevalence, impact, and long-term consequences of lateral ankle sprains. Br J Sports Med, 50 (24):1493-1495.
Glencross, D., & Thornton, E. (1981). Position sense following joint injury. The J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 21(1), 23-27.
Goble, D.J., Coxon, J.P., Wenderoth, N., Van Impe, A., & Swinnen, S. P (2009). Proprioceptive sensibility in the elderly: Degeneration, functional consequences and plastic-adaptive process. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 33(3), 271-278.
Gollhofer, A., Taube, W., & Bo Nielsen, J. (2013). Routledge Handbook of Motor Control and Motor Learning; NY Roultedge.
Green, T., Refshauge, K., Crosbie, J., & Adams, R. (2001). A randomized controlled trial of a passive accessory joint mobilization on acute ankle inversion sprains. Physical Therapy, 81(4), 984–94.
Grigg, P. (1975). Mechanical factors influencing response of joint afferent neurons from cat knee. J Neurophysiol, 38(6), 1473-1484.
Grigg, P. (1994). Peripheral Neural Mechanisms in Proprioception. J Sports Rehab, 3, 2-17.
Grimm, D.J., & Fallat, L. (1999). Injuries of the foot and ankle in occupational medicine: a 1-year study. J Foot Ankle Surg, 38(2), 102-8.
Grindstaff, T.L., Beazell, J., Drewes, L.K., Magrum, E.M., Hertel, J., & Ingersoll, C.D. (2010). Effects of a tibiofibular joint manipulation on lower extrimity H-reflex in individuals with chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 40(1), A29-30.
Gross, M.T. (1997). Effects of recurrent lateral ankle sprains on active and passive judgements of joint position. Physical Therapy, 67(10), 1505-1509.
Gross, P., & Marti, B. (1999). Risk of degenerative ankle joint disease in volleyball players: Study of former elite athletes.. Int. J. Sports Med, 20(1), 58-63.
Gruber, M., Taube, W., Gollhofer, A., Beck, S., Amtage, F., & Schubert, M. (2007). Training Specific adaptations of H- and Stretch reflexes in human soleus muscle. J Mot Behav, 39(1), 68-78.
Gulbrandsen, M., Hartigan, D.E., Patel, K.A., Makovicka, J.L., Tummala, S.V. & Chhabra, A. (2019). Ten-Year Epidemiology of Ankle Injuries in Men's and Women's Collegiate Soccer Players. J Athl Train, 54(8):881-888. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-144-18.
Guo, L., Yang, C., Tsao, H., Wang, C., & Liang, C. (2006). Initial effects of the ankle dorsiflexion mobilization with movement on ankle range of motion and limb coordination in young healthy subjects. J Biomech, 31(3), 173-181.
Hagood, S., Solomonow, M., Baratta, R., Zhou, B.H., & D’Ambrosia, R. (1990). The effect of joint velocity on the contribution of the antagonist musculature to knee stiffness and laxity. Am J Sports Med, 18: 182-187.
Hall, E.A. & Docherty, C.L. (2017). Validity of clinical outcome measures to evaluate ankle range of motion during the weight-bearing lunge test. J Sci Med Sport, 20(7):618-621. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2016.11.001.
Han, J., Anson, J., Waddington, G., Adams, R., & Liu. Y. (2015). The role of ankle proprioception for balance control in relation to sports performance and injury. Biomed Res Int, 1-8. doi:10.1155/2015/842804
Handoll, H.H., Rowe, B.H., Quinn, K.M., & de Bie, R. (2001). Interventions for preventing ankle ligament injuries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 3, CD000018.
Hass, C.J., Bishop, M.D., Doidge, D., & Wikstrom, E.A. (2010). Chronic ankle instability alters central organization of movement. Am J Sports Med, 38(4):829–834.
Hertel, J., & Corbett, R.O. (2019). An updated model of chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train, 54(6), 572-588.
Hertel, J. (2002). Functional anatomy, pathomechanics, and pathophysiology of lateral ankle instability. J Athl Train, 37(4), 364-375.
Hertel, J. (2000). Functional instability following lateral ankle sprain. Sports Med, 29, 361-371.
Hertel, J., Denger, C., Monere, M.M., & Stokes, W.L. (1999). Talocrural and subtalar joint instability after lateral ankle sprain. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 31(11), 1501- 8.
Hertherington, B. (1996). Lateral Ligament Sprains of the ankle, do they exist? Man Ther, 1(5), 274-275.
Hickey, G.J., Fricker, P.A., & McDonald, W.A. (1997). Injuries of young elite female basketball players over a six-year period. Clin J Sport Med, 7(4):252-256.
Hiller, C.E., Refshauge, K.M., Herbert, R.D., & Kilbreath, S.L. (2008). Intrinsic predictors of lateral ankle sprain in adolescent dancers: a prospective cohort study. Clin J Sport Med, (18)1, 44-8.
Hing, W., Hall, T., & Mulligan, B. (2015). The Mulligan Concept of Manual Therapy: Textbook of Techniques. NSW: Elsevier Australia.
Hintermann, B. (1999). Biomechanics of the unstable ankle joint and clinical implications. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 31(suppl 7), 459–469.
Hoch, M.C., & McKeon, P.O. (2010a). The effectiveness of mobilization with movement at improving dorsiflexion after ankle sprain. J Sport Rehabil, 19(2), 226-32.
Hoch, M.C., & McKeon, P.O. (2010b). Integrating contemporary models of motor control and health in chronic ankle instability. Athl Train Sports Health Care, 2(2), 82-88.
Hoch, M.C., & McKeon, P.O. (2010c). Joint mobilization improves spatiotemporal postural control and range of motion in those with chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Res, 29(3), 326-332.
Hoch, M.C., & McKeon, P.O. (2011). Normative range of weight-bearing lunge test performance asymmetry in healthy adults. Man Ther, 16, 516-519.
Hoch, M.C., Staton, G.S. & McKeon, P.O (2011). Dorsiflexion range of motion significantly influences dynamic balance. J Sci Med Sport, 14(1), 90-2.
Hodgson, J.A., Roy, R.R., de Leon, R., Dobkin, B. & Edgerton, V.R. (1994). Can the mammalian lumbar spinal cord learn a motor task? Med Sci Sports Exerc, 26, 1491-1497.
Holmer, P., Sondergaard., L, Konradsen, L., Nielsen, P.T., & Jorgensen, L.N. (1994). Epidemiology of sprains in the lateral ankle and foot. Foot Ankle Int, 15(2), 72- 74.
Hootman, J.M., Dick. R., & Agel. J. (2007). Epidemiology of collegiate injuries for 15 sports: summary and recommendations for injury prevention initiatives. J Athl Train, 42, 311-319.
Hosea, T.M., Carey, C.C., & Harrer, M. (2000). The gender issue: epidemiology of ankle injury in athletes who participate in basketball. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 372, 45-49.
Hrysomallis, C. (2011). Balance ability and athletic performance, Sports Medicine, 41(3), 221–232.
Hubbard, T.J. (2008). Ligament laxity following inversion injury with and without chronic ankle instability. Foot Ankle Int, 29(3):305– 311.
Hubbard, T.J., & Hertel, J. (2008). Anterior positional fault of the fibula after sub-acute lateral ankle sprains. Man Ther, 13(1), 63-7.
Hubbard, T.J., Kramer, L., Denegar, C., & Hertel, J. (2007). Contributing factors to chronic ankle instability. Foot & Ankle International/American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society [and] Swiss Foot and Ankle Society, 28(3), 343-354.
Hubbard, T.J., & Hertel, J. (2006). Mechanical contributions to chronic lateral ankle instability. Sports Medicine, 36(3), 263-277.
Hubbard, T.J., Hertel, J., & Sherbondy, P. (2006). Fibular position in individuals with self-reported chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 36(1), 3–9.
Hubbard, T.J., Olmsted-Kramer, L. C., Hertel, J., & Sherbondy, P. (2005). Anterior– posterior mobility of the talus in subjects with chronic ankle instability. Phys Ther Sport, 6(3), 146-152.
Hubscher, M., Zech, A., Pfeifer, K., Hansel, F., Vogt, L., & Banzer, W. (2010). Neuromuscular training for sports injury prevention: a systemic review. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 42 (3), 423-21.
Hudson, R., Baker, R.T., May, J., Reordan, D., & Nasypanya, A. (2017). Novel treatment of lateral ankle sprains using the Mulligan concept: an exploratory case series analysis. J Man Manip Ther, 25(5): 251–259.
Hughes, T., & Rochester, P. (2008). The effects of proprioceptive exercise and taping on proprioception in subjects with functional ankle instability: a review of the literature. Phys Ther Sport, 9(3), 136-147.
Huson, A. (1987). Joints and movements of the foot: terminology and concepts. Acta Morphol Neerl Scand, 25, 117–130.
Irrgang, J.J., Whitney, S.L., & Cox, E.D. (1994). Balance and proprioceptive training for rehabilitation of the lower extremity J Sport Rehabil, 3, 68-83.
Janssen, K.W., van der Wees, P.J., Rowe, B.H., de Bie, R., van Mechelen, W., & Verhagen, E. (2011). Interventions for preventing ankle ligament injuries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.
Johansson, H., & Sjolander, P. (1988). Receptors in the knee joint ligaments and their role in the biomechanics of the joint. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 18(5): 341-368.
Johansson, H. (1991). Role of knee ligaments in proprioception and regulation of muscle stiffness. J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 1(3), 158-179.
Johansson, H., Solander, P., & Sojka, P. (1991). A sensory role for cruciate ligaments. Clin.Orthop, 268, 161-178.
Johanson M., Baer, J., Hovermale, H., & Phouthavong, P. (2008). Subtalar joint position during gastrocnemius stretching and ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. J Athl Train, 3(2), 172-178.
Johnson, B.L., & Nelson, J.K. (1986). Practical Measurements For Evaluation In Physical Education. 4th ed. Minneapolis, MN: Burgess.
Johnson, B.L., & Leach, J. (1968). A modification of the Bass test of dynamic balance – Commerce: East Texas State University. USA.
Jones, R., Cartre, J., Moore, P., & Wills, A. (2005). A study to determine the reliability of an ankle dorsiflexion weight-bearing device. Physiotherapy, 91(4), 242-249.
Kaltenborn, F. (1999). Manual Mobilization of the Joints. Vol 1. 5th ed. Minneapolis, Minn: OPTA
Kapandji, I. A. (1987). The Physiology of The Joints Annotated Diagrams of The Mechanics of The Human Joints. Vol. 2 Lower limb (5 ed.). Edinburgh New York: Churchill Livingstone.
Katz, R., Meunier, S., & Pierrot-Deseilligny, E. (1988), Changes in presynaptic inhibition of a Ia fibers in man while standing. Brain, 111, 417-437.
Kemler, E., van de Port, I., Valkenberg, H., Hoes, A.W., & Backx, F.J. (2015). Ankle injuries in the Netherlands: Trends over 10-25 years. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 25(3):331-7.
Khatun, A. (2015). A comparitive study on dynamic balance, kinesthetic sense among different district level women kho-kho players . Int J Phys Educ Sports Health, 2(2), 175-177.
Kiers, H., van Dieën, J., Dekkers, H., Wittink, H., & Vanhees, L. (2013). A systematic review of the relationship between physical activities in sports or daily life and postural sway in upright stance, Sports Medicine, 43 (11), 1171–1189.
Kim, Y, H. (2015). Statistical notes for clinical researchers: post-hoc multiple comparisons. Restor Dent Endod, 40(2), 172- 176.
Kim, H., Chung, E., & Lee, B. (2013, 12). A Comparison of the foot and ankle condition between elite athletes and non-athletes. J Phys Ther Sci, 25(10), 1269-1272.
Kinzey, S.J., & Armstrong, C. W. (1998). The reliability of star-excursion test in assessing dynamic balance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 27, 356-360.
Kirkpatrick, D.P., Hunter, R. E., Janes, P.C., Mastrangelo, J., & Nicholas, R.A. (1998). The snowboarder's foot and ankle. Am J Sports Med, 26(2), 271-277.
Kisner, C., Colby, L. A., & Library, R. (2007). Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques: FA Davis. Philadelphia.
Kjaersgaard-Andersen, P., Wethelund, J.O., Helmig, P., & Soballe, K. (1988). The stabilizing effect of the ligamentous structures in the sinus and canalistarsion movements in the hind foot: an experimental study. Am J Sports Med, 16, 512– 516.
Knowles, S.B., Marshall, S.W., Miller, T., Spicer, R., Bowling, J.M., Loomis, D., Millikan, R.W., Yang, J., & Mueller, F.O. (2007). Cost of injuries from a prospective cohort study of North Carolina high school athletes. Inj. Prev, 13(6), 416-21.
Kobayashi, T., Tanaka, M., & Shida, M. (2016). Intrinsic risk factors of lateral ankle sprain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Health, 8(2), 190-3.
Konradsen, L., & Voigt, M. (2002). Inversion injury biomechanics in functional ankle instability: a cadaver study of simulated gait. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 12(6), 29- 36.
Konradsen, L., Olesen, S., & Hansen, H. (1998). Ankle sensorimotor control and eversion strength after acute ankle inversion injuries. The Am J Sports Med, 26(1), 72-77.
Konradsen, L., Voigt, M., & Hojsgaard, C. (1997). Ankle inversion injuries: the role of dynamic defense mechanism. The Am J Sports Med, 25(1), 54-5.
Konradsen, L., Ravn, J., & Sorensen, A. (1993). Proprioception at the ankle: the effect of anaesthetic blockade of ligament receptors. J Bone Joint Surg-British Volume, 75(3), 433-436.
Kouzaki, M., Masani, K.., Akima, H., Shirasawa, H., Fukuoka, H.., Kanehisa, H., & Fukunaga,T. (2007). Effects of 20-day bed rest with and without strength training on postural sway during quiet standing. Acta Physiol, 189, 279–292.
Kujala, U.M., Nylund, T., & Taimela, S. (1995). Acute injuries in orienteerers. Int J Sports Med , 16(2), 122-125.
Landrum, E.L., Kelln, B.M., Parente, W.R., Ingersoll, C.D., & Hertel, J. (2008). Immediate effects of anterior-to-posterior talocrural joint mobilization after prolonged ankle immobilization: a prelimiminary study. J Man Manip Ther, 16(2), 100-105.
Larsen, E., Jensen, P.K., & Jensen, P.R. (1999). Long-term outcome of knee and ankle injuries in elite football. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 9(5), 285-289.
Lateral ligament injury to the ankle. (2021). Retrieved February 22, 2021, from https://www.physio-pedia.com/Lateral_Ligament_Injury_of_the_Ankle
Lephart, S.M., Pincivero, D.M., & Giraldo, J.L. (1997). The role of proprioception in the management and rehabilitation of athletic injuries. Am J Sports Med, 25(1), 130-137.
Lewit, K. (1985). The muscular and articular factor in movement restriction. Manual Medicine, 1, 83-85.
Liebler, E.J., Tufano-Coors, L., Douris, P., Makofsky, H.W., McKenna, R., Michles, C., & Rattray, S. (2013). The effect of thoracic spine mobilization on lower trapezius strength testing. J Man Manip Ther, 9(4), 207-212.
Linko, P.E., Blomberg, H.K., & Frilander, H.M. (1997). Orienteering competition injuries: injuries incurred in the Finnish Jukola and Venlarelay competitions. Br J Sports Med, 31(3), 205-208.
Lohmander, L.S., Englund, P.M., Dahl, L.L., & Roos, E.M. (2007). The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis. Am J Sports Med, 35(10), 1756-69.
Loudon, J. K., & Bell, S. L. (1996). The foot and ankle: An overview of arthrokinematics and selected joint techniques. J Athl Train, 31(2), 173-178.
MacAuley, D. (1999). Ankle injuries: same joint, different sports. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 31(7 Supp), 409-411.
Macefield, G., Gandevia, S.C., & Burke, D. (1990). Perceptual responses to microsimulation of single afferents innervating joints, muscles and skin of the human hand. J Physiol, 429(1), 113-129.
Magee, D. J. (2007). Orthopedic Physical Assessment (5th ed.). St. Louis, Mo.: Saunders Elsevier.
Magerkurth, O., Frigg, A., Hintermann, B., Dick, W., & Valderrabano, V. (2010). Frontal and lateral characteristics of the osseous configuration in chronic ankle instability. Br J Sports Med, 44(8):568–572.
Magill, R. (2009). Motor learning and control: concepts and applications. 8ed. New York: Mc Graw Hill.
Maitland, C. (1977). Peripheral Manipulation. 2nd ed. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia: Butterworth.
Maitland, G.D. (1991). Peripheral Manipulation. 3rd ed. Oxford: Butterwort- Heinemann.
Mallick, K. (2015). Comparision of Psycho-physiological variables among badminton, table-tennis and Tennis players. Indian Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Applied Sciences, 5(1), 16-22.
Marchi, A.G., Di Bello, D., Messi, G., & Gazzola, G. (1999) Permanent sequelae in sports injuries: a population-based study. Arch Dis Child, 81(4), 324-8.
Marrón-Gómez, D., Rodríguez-Fernández, Á.L., & Martín-Urrialde, J.A. (2015). The effect of two mobilization techniques on dorsiflexion in people with chronic ankle instability. Phys Ther Sport, 2015;16(1):10–15.
Martin, R.L., Davenport, T.E., & Paulseth, S. (2013). Ankle stability and movement coordination impairments: ankle ligament sprains. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 43(9), A1-A40
Mau, H., & Baker, R.T. (2014). a modified mobilization with movement to treat a lateral ankle sprain. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 9(4), 540-547.
Mauntel, T.C., Wikstrom, E.A., Roos, K.G., Djoko, A., Dompier, T.P., & Kerr, Z.Y. (2017). The Epidemiology of High Ankle Sprains in National Collegiate Athletic Association Sports. Am J Sports Med, 45(9):2156-2163. doi: 10.1177/0363546517701428.
Martin, R.L., & Irrgang, J.J. ( 2007). A survey of self-reported outcome instruments for the foot and ankle. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 37(2), 72-84.
Martin, R.L., Irrgang, J.J., Burdett, R.G., Conti, S.F., & Van Swearingen, J.M. (2005). Evidence of validity for the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). Foot Ankle Int, 26(11), 968-983.
Martin, L.P., Wayne, J.S., Monahan, T.J., & Adelaar, R.S. (1998). Elongation behavior of calcaneofibular and cervical ligaments during inversion loads applied in an open kinetic chain. Foot Ankle Int, 19, 232–239.
Mattacola, C.G., & Dwyer, M.K. (2002). Rehabilitation of the ankle after acute sprain or chronic instability. JAthl Train, 37(4).
McGaughey, I., & Sullivan, P. (2003). The epidemiology of knee and ankl einjuries on Macquarie Island. Injury, 34 (11), 842-6.
McGuine, T.A., & Keene, J.S. (2006). The effect of a balance training programm on the risk of ankle sprains in high school athletes. Am J Sports Med, 34(7), 1103- 1111.
McKay, G.D., Goldie, P.A., Payne, WR., & Oakes, B.W. (2001). Ankle injuries in basketball: injury rate and risk factors. Br J Sports Med, 35, 103-8.
McKeon, P.O., & Wikstrom, E.A. (2016). Sensory-targeted ankle rehabilitation strategies for chronic ankle instability. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 48(5):776–784.
McKeon, P.O., Ingersoll, C.D., Kerrigan, D.C., Saliba, E., Bennett, B.C., & Hertel, J. (2008). Balance training improves functional and postural control in those with chronic ankle instability. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 40(10), 1810-1819. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31817e0f92
McKeon, P.O., & Mattacola, C.G. (2008). Interventions for the prevention of first time and recurrent ankle sprains. Clin Sports Med, 27 (3), 371-82.
McKeon, P.O., & Hertel, J. (2006). The dynamical-systems approach to studying athletic injury. Athl Ther Today, 11(1), 31-3.
McLeod, B., & Hansen, E. (1989). Effects of eyerobics visual skills training program on static balance performance of male and female subjects. Percept Mot Skills, 69, 1123-1126.
McVey, E.D., Palmieri, R.M., Docherty, C.L., Zinder, S.M., & Ingersoll, C.D. (2005). Arthrogenic muscle inhibition in the leg muscles of subjects exhibiting functional ankle instability. Foot Ankle Int, 26(12). 1055-1061.
Meeuwisse, W.H. (1994). Assessing causation in sport injury: a multifactorial model. Clin J Sports Med, 4, 166-70.
Mei-Dan, O., Kots, E., Barchilon, V., Massarwe, S., Nyska, M., & Mann, G. (2009). A dynamic ultrasound examination for the diagnosis of ankle syndesmotic injury in professional athletes. Am J Sports Med, 37(5), 1009-16.
Merlin, D.J., McEwan, I.M., & Thom, J.M. (2005, April). Mulligan's mobilisation with movement technique for lateral ankle pain and the use of magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate the "positional fault" hypothesis. Paper presented at the XIV International Congress on Sports Rehabilitation and Traumatology, Bologna, Italy.
Meyer, J.M., Garcia, J., Hoffmeyer, P., & Fritschy, D. (1986). The subtalar sprain: a roentgenographic study. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 226, 169–173.
Milgrom, C., Shlamkovitch, N., Finestone, A. Eldad, A., Laor, A., Danon, Y.L., Lavie, O., & Simkin, A. (1991). Risk factors for lateral ankle sprain: a prospective study among military recruits. Foot Ankle , 12, 26-30.
Morrow, J.R., Jackson, A.W., Disch, J.G., & Mood, D.P. (2005). Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance (3rd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Moseley, A., & Adams, R. (1990). Measurement of passive ankle dorsi flexion: Procedure and reliability. Aust J Physiother, 37, 175-181.
Mountcastle, V.B. (1980). Medical Physiology (Vol 1). The University of Michigan. C.V. Mosby Company.
Mulligan, B.R. (1993). Mobilizations with movement (MWM’S). J Man Manip Ther, 1(4), 154.
Mulligan, B. R. (1995). Manual therapy:" NAGS"," SNAGS", MWMS" etc (3rd ed.). Wellington: Plane View Services Ltd.
Mulligan, B. R. (1999). Manual Therapy:" NAGS"," SNAGS", MWMS" etc (4th ed.). Wellington: Plane View Services Ltd.
Murphy, D.F., Connolly, D.A.J., & Beynnon, B.D. (2003). Risk factors for lower extremity injury: a review of the literature. Br J Sports Med, 37, 13-29.
Myers, J.B., & Lephart, S.M. (2000). The role of the sensorimotor system in the athletic shoulder. J Athl Train, 35(3), 351-363.
Nagla, E. (2011). Effect of Swiss ball exercises on some physical and physiological variables and their relationship with kata performance level. J. Phys. Educ. Sport, 11(1), 56-64.
Nelson, A.J., Collins, C.L., Yard, E.E., Fields, S.K., & Comstock, R.D. (2007). Ankle injuries among United States high school sports athletes, 2005-2006. J Athl Train, 42, 381-387.
Nigg, B.M., Skarvan, G.S., Frank, C.B. & Yeadon, M.R. (1990). Elongation and forces of ankle ligaments in a physiological range of motion. Foot and Ankle. 11, 30- 40
Norkus, S., & Floyd, R. (2001). The anatomy and mechanisms of syndesmotic ankle sprains. J Athl Train, 36(1), 68-73.
Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric Theory (3rd ed). New York: McGraw-Hill.
O'Brein, T., & Vicenzino, B. (1998). A study of the effects of Mulligan's mobilization with movement treatment of a lateral ankle sprain a case study design. Man Ther, 3(2), 78-84.
Olmsted, L.C., Vela, L.I., Dengar, C.R., & Hertal, J. (2004). Prophylactic ankle taping and bracing: a numbers-needed-to-treat and cost-benefit analysis. J Athl Train, 39, 1.
Orchard, J., & Hoskins, W. (2007). For debate: consensus injury definitions in team sports should focus on missed playing time. Clin J Sport Med, 17(3), 192-6.
Osborne, M. D., & Rizzo, T. D. (2003). Prevention and treatment of ankle sprain in athletes. Sports Med, 33(15), 1145-1150.
Palastanga, N., Field, D., & Soames, R. (2006). Anatomy and Human Movement: Structure and function. Butterworth Heinmann: Elsevier.
Pavlov, I.P., & Anrep, G.V. (2003). Conditioned Reflexes . Mineola, New York: Dover Publications Inc.
Pellow, J.E., & Brantigham, J.W. (2001). The efficacy of adjusting the ankle in the treatment of sub-acute and chronic grade I and grade II ankle inversion sprains. J Manipulative Physio Ther, 24(1), 17-24.
Pope, R., Herbert, R., & Kirwan, J. (1998). Effects of ankle dorsiflexion range and preexercise calf muscle stretching on injury risk in army recruits. Aust J Physiother, 44(3), 165-172.
Pourkazemi, F., Hiller, C. E., Raymond, J., Black, D., Nightingale, E. J., & Refshauge, K. M. (2018). Predictors of recurrent sprains after an index lateral ankle sprain: a longitudinal study. Physiotherapy, 104(4), 430-437.
Portney, L.G. & Warkins, M.P. (2000). Foundations of Clinical Research: Applications to practice (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Health.
Postle, K., Pak, D., & Smith, T.O. (2012). Effectiveness of proprioceptive exercises for ankle ligament injury in adults: a systematic literature and meta-analysis. Man Ther, 17(4), 285–291.
Powden,C.J., Hogan, K.K., Wikstrom, E.A., & Hoch, M.C. (2017). The effect of two forms of talocrural joint traction on dorsiflexion range of motion and postural control in those with chronic ankle instability. J Sport Rehabil, 26(3):239–244.
Powden, C.J., Hoch, J.M. & Hoch, M.C. (2015). Reliability and minimal detectable change of the weight-bearing lunge test: A systematic review. Man Ther, 20(4):524-32. doi: 10.1016/j.math.2015.01.004.
Powell, J.W., & Barber-Foss, K.D. (1999) Injury patterns in selected high school sports: a review of the 1995-1997 seasons. J Athl Train, 34, 277-284.
Proske, U. (2005). What is the role of muscle receptors in proprioception? Muscle Nerve 31(6), 780-787.
Proske, U. (2006). Kinesthesia: the role of muscle receptors. Muscle Nerve 34(5), 545- 558.
Proske, U., & Gandevia, S.C. (2009). The kinesthetic senses. J. Physiol, 587(17), 4139- 4146.
Rao, V.R., Balthillaya, G., Prabhu, A., & Kamath, A. (2018). Immediate effects of Maitland mobilization versus Mobilization with Movement in Osteoarthritis Knee – A Randomized Crossover Trail. J Bodyw Mov Ther, 22, 572-579.
Raymond, J., Nicholson, L.L., Hiller, C.E., & Refshauge, K.M. (2012). The effect of ankle taping or bracing on proprioception in functional ankle instability: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport, 15(5), 386-92.
Refshauge, K.M., Kilbreath.S.L., & Raymond, J. (2000). The effect of recurrent ankle inversion sprain and taping on proprioception at the ankle. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 32(1), 10-15.
Reid, A., Birmingham, T.B., & Alcock, G. (2007). Efficacy of mobilization with movement for patients with limited dorsiflexion after ankle sprain: a crossover trail. Physiother Can, 59(3), 166-172.
Ribeiro, F., & Oliveira, J. (2007). Aging effects on joint proprioception: the role of physical activity in proprioception preservation. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act, 4, 71- 76
Riemann, B.L., & Lephart, S.M. (2002a). The sensorimotor system, part I: the physiologic basis of functional joint stability. J Athl Train, 37(1):71–79.
Riemann, B.L., & Lephart, S.M. (2002b). The sensorimotor system, part II: the role of proprioception in motor control and functional joint stability. J Athl Train, 37(1):80–84
Riemann, B.L., DeMont, R.G., Ryu, K., & Lephart, S.M. (2001). The effects of sex, joint angle, and the gastrocnemius muscle on passive ankle joint complex stiffness. J Athl Train, 36(4), 369-375.
Riemann, B.L., Caggiano, N.A., & Lephart, S.M. (1999). Examination of clinical method of assessing postural control during a functional performance task. J Sport Rehabil, 8, 171-183.
Rivera, M.J., Winkelmann, Z.K., Powden, C.J., & Games, K.E. (2017). Proprioceptive training for the prevention of ankle sprains: An evidence-based review. J Athl Train, 52(11), 1065-1067.
Robbins, S., & Waked, E. (1998). Factors associated with ankle injuries. Preventive measures, Sports Med, 25(1):63-72.
Rockar, P. A. (1995). The subtalar joint: anatomy and joint motion. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 21, 361-372.
Roos, K.G, Kerr, Z.Y., Mauntel, T.C., Djoko, A., Dompier, T.P., & Wikstrom, E.A. (2017). The Epidemiology of Lateral Ligament Complex Ankle Sprains in National Collegiate Athletic Association Sports. Am J Sports Med, 45(1):201- 209.
Renström, P., & Konradsen, L. (1997). Ankle ligament injuries. Br J Sports Med, 31(1), 11-20.
Requa, R. K., Deavilla, L. N., & Garrick, J. G. (1993). Injuries in recreational adult fitness activities. Am J Sports Med, 21(3), 461-467.
Rozzi, S.L., Lephart, S.M., Sterner, R., & Kuligowski, L. (1999). Balance training for persons with functionally unstable ankles. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 29(8) 478-99.
Safran, M. R., Benedett, R. O. Y. S., Bartolozzi III, A. R., & Mandelbaum, B. R. (1999). Lateral ankle sprains: a comprehensive review part 1: etiology, pathoanatomy, histopathogenesis, and diagnosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 31(7), S429-437.
Safrit, M.J., & Wood, T.M., (1995). Introduction to Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, St, Louis, Missouri: Mosby.
Saki, F., Yalfani, A., Fousekis, K., Sodejani, S.H. & Ramezani, F. (2021). Anatomical risk factors of lateral ankle sprain in adolescent athletes: A prospective cohort study. Phys Ther Sport, 48:26-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.12.009.
Salkind, N. (2011). Statistics for people who (think they) hate statistics (4th ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publication.
Santilli, V., Frascarelli, M.A., Paoloni, M., Frascarelli, F., Camerota, F., DeNatale, L., & De Santis, F. (2005). Peroneus longus muscle activation pattern during gait cycle in athletes affected by functional ankle instability. Am J Sports Med; 33(8), 1183-7.
Schaible, H., & Grubb, B. (1993). Afferent and spinal mechanisms of joint pain. Pain, 55:5-54.
Schedler, S., Tenelsen, F., Wich, L., & Muehlbauer, T. (2020). Effects of balance training on performance in youth: role of training difficulty. BMC Sports Sci. Med. Rehabilitation. 12:71.
Schiftan, G.S., Ross, L.A., & Hahne, A.J. (2015). The effectiveness of proprioceptive training in preventing ankle sprains in sporting populations: A systemic review and meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport, 18, 238-244.
Scott, W.N. (1994). The Knee, Volume 1. Saint Louis MO: Mosby Inc.
Scott, J., Lee, H., Barsoum, W., & Van Den Bogert, A. J. (2007). The effect of tibiofemoral loading on proximal tibiofibular joint motion. J Anat, 211(5), 647- 653.
Shah, S., Thomas, A.C., Noone, J.M., Blanchette, C.M, & Wikstrom, E.A. (2016). Incidence and cost of ankle sprains in United States Emergency Departments. Sports Health, 8(6):547–552.
Sherlin, L.H., Arns, M., Lubar, J., Heinrich, H. Kerson, C., Strehl, U., & Sterman, M.B. (2011). Neurofeedback and basic learning theory: Implications for research and practice. J Neurother, 15, 292-304.
Sheth, P., Yu, B., Laskowski, E.R., & An, K.N. (1997). Ankle disk training influences reaction times of selected muscles in a simulated ankle sprain. Am J Sports Med, 25(4), 538-543.
Shrout, P.E., & Fleiss, J.L. (1979). Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychol Bull, (86)2, 420-428.
Smith, M.D., Lee, D., Russell, T., Matthews, M., MacDonald, D. & Vicenzino, B. (2019). How Much Does the Talocrural Joint Contribute to Ankle Dorsiflexion Range of Motion During the Weight-Bearing Lunge Test? A Cross-sectional Radiographic Validity Study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 49(12):934-941. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2019.8697.
Smith, R., W. & Reischl, B.S. (1988). The influence of dorsiflexion in the treatment of severe ankle sprains: An anatomical study. Foot and Ankle, 9, 28-33.
Soavi, R., Girolami, M., Loreti, I., Bragonzoni, L., Monti, C., Visani, A., & Marcacci, M. (2000). The mobility of the proximal tibio-fibular joint. A Roentgen Stereophotogrammetric analysis on six cadaver specimens. Foot & Ankle International/American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society [and] Swiss Foot and Ankle Society, 21(4), 336-442.
Solopova, I.A., Kazennikov, O.V., Deniskina, N.B., Levik, Y.S., & Ivanenko, Y.P. (2003). Postural instability enhances motor responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation in humans. Neurosci. Lett, 337, 803-811.
Song, K., & Wikstrom, E.A. (2019). Plausible mehanisms of and techniques to assess ankle joint degeneration following lateral ankle sprains: a narrative review. Phys Sportsmed, 47(3), 275-283.
Staples, O.S. (1975). Rupture of the fibular collateral ligaments of the ankle. Result study of immediate surgical treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 57, 101–107.
Stergiou, N., Harbourne, R., & Cavanaugh, J. (2006). Optimal movement variability: a new theoritical perspective for neurological physical tehrapy. J Neurl Phys Ther, 30(3), 120-9.
Stokes, M., & Young, A. (1984). The contribution of reflex inhibition to arthrogenous muscle weakness. Clinical Science, 67, 7-14.
Streiner, D. L., & Norman, G. R. (2003). Health measurement scales: A practical guide to their development and use (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press, New York, NY, USA.
Streiner, D.L., Norman, G.R., & Cairney, J. (2014). Health Measurement Scales. A Practical Guide to Their Development and Use (4th ed). Oxford: Oxford University Press, New York, NY, USA.
Suresh, K.P. (2011). An overview of randomization techniques: An unbiased assessment of outcome in clinical research. J Hum Reprod Sci, 4(1), 8-11.
Surve, I., Schwellnus, M, P., Noakes, T., & Lombard, C. (1994). A fivefold reduction in the incidence of recurrent ankle sprains in soccer players using the Sport- Stirrup orthosis. Am J Sports Med, 22, 601–606.
Swenson, D.M., Yard, E.E., Fields, S.K., & Comstock, R.D. (2009). Patterns of recurrent injuries among US high school athletes, 2005–2008. Am J Sports Med. 37, 1586–93.
Tabrizi, P., McIntyre, W.M., Quesnel, M.B., & Howard, A.W. (2000). Limited dorsiflexion predisposes to injuries of the ankle in children. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 82, 1103–1106.
Takebayashi, T., Yamashita, T., Minaki, Y., & Ishii, S. (1997): Mechanosenitive afferent units in the lateral ligament of the ankle. J Bone Joint Surg, 79, 490- 493.
Takebayashi, T., Yamashita, T., Sakamoto, N., Yamada, Y., Minaki, Y., & Ishii, S (2002): Biomechanical characteristics of the lateral ligament of the ankle joint. J Foot Ankle Surg, 41, 154-157.
Taube, W., Gruber, M., Beck, S., Faist, M., Gollhofer, A., & Schubert, M. (2007a). Cortical and spinal adaptations induced by balance training: correlation between stance stability and corticospinal activation. Acta Physiol. (Oxf.), 189, 347-358
Terada, M., Pietrosimone, B.G., & Gribble, P.A. (2013). Therapeutic interventions for increasing ankle dorsiflexion after ankle sprain: A systematic review. J Athl Train, 48(5), 696-709.
Tiberio, D., Bohannon, R.W., & Zito, M.A. (1989). Effect of subtalar joint position on the measurement of maximum ankle dorsiflexion. Clin Biomech; 4(3), 189-191.
Thabane, L., Ma, J., Chu, R., Cheng, J., Ismaila, A., Rios, L.P., Robson, R., Thabane, M., Giangregorio, L., & Goldsmith, C.H. (2010). A tutorial on pilot studies: the what, why and how. BMC Med Res Methodol, 10(1).
Thacker, S.B., Stroup, D.F., Branche, C.M., Gilchrist. J., Goodman. R.A., & Weitman, E. A. (1999). The prevention of ankle sprains in sports – a systemic review of literature. Am J Sports Med, 27(6), 753-760.
Tokuno, C.D., Taube, W., & Cresswell, A.G. (2009). An enhanced level of motor cortical excitability during the control of human standing. Acta Physiol. (Oxf.), 195, 385-395.
Toulotte, C., Thevenon, A., & Fabre, C. (2006). Effects of training and detraining on the static and dynamic balance in elderly fallers and non-fallers: A pilot study. Disabil. Rehabil, 28, 125–133.
Tropp, H., Askling, C., & Gillquist, J. (1985). Prevention of ankle sprains. Am J Sports Med, 13, 259-62.
Tsigilis, N., Zachopoulou, E., & Mavridis, T. (2001). Evaluation of specificity of selected dynamic balance tests. Percept Mot Skills, 92, 827-833.
Valderrabano, V., Hintermann, B., Horisberger, M., & Fung, T.S. (2006). Ligamentous post traumatic ankle osteoarthritis. Am J Sports Med,4(4):612-20.
van Mechelen, W., Hlobil, H. & Kemper, H.C. (1992). Incidence, severity, aetiology and prevention of sports injuries. Areview of concepts. Sports Med, 14, 82-99.
van Rijn, R.M., van Os, A.G., Bernsen, R.M., Luijsterburg, P.A., Koes, B.W., & Bierma-Zeinstra, S.M. (2008). What is the clinical course of acute ankle sprains? A systemic literature review; Am J of Med, 212, 324-331.
Veenema, K.R. (2000). Ankle Sprain: primary care evaluation and rehabilitation. J Musculoske Med 563-76.
Venturini, C., Ituassu, N., Teixeira, L., & Deus C. (2006). Intrarater and interrater reliability of two methods for measuring the active range of motion for ankle dorsiflexion in healthy subjects. Rev Bras Fisioter.10, 407-411.
Verhagen, E.A.L.M., & Bay, K. (2012). Optimising ankle sprain prevention: a critical review and practical appraisal of the literature; Br J Sports Med, 44, 1082–1088.
Verhagen, E., Van der Beek, A., Twisk, J., Bouter, L., Bahr, R., & van Mechelen, W. (2004a). The effect of a propriocptive balance board training programme for the prevention of ankle sprains: a prospective controlled trail. Am J Sports Med, 32(6), 1385-1393.
Verhagen, E.A., van der Beek, A.J., Bouter, L.M., Bahr, R. M., & Van Mechelen, W. (2004b). A one season prospective cohort study of volleyball injuries. Br J Sports Med, 38(4), 477-481.
Verhagen, E.A., Van Mechelen, W., & de Vente, W. (2000) The effect of preventive measures on the incidence of ankle sprains. Clin J Sport Med, 10, 291 – 6.
Vicenzino, B., Branjerdporn, M., Teys, P., & Jordan, K. (2006). Initial changes in posterior talar glide and dorsiflexion of the ankle after mobilization with movement in individuals with recurrent ankle sprain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 36(7), 464–71.
Vicenzino, B., Prangley, I., & Martin, D. (2001). The initial effect of two Mulligan mobilization with movement treatment techniques on ankle dorsiflexion. In Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport. A Sports Medicine Odyssey. Challenges, Controversies and Change (CD ROM). Perth
Viladot, A., Lorenzo, J.C., Salazar, J., & Rodriguez, A. (1984). The subtalar joint: embryology and morphology. Foot Ankle. 5, 54–66.
Vincent, W. J. (1999). Statistics in Kinesiology (2nd ed.). Champaig, IL: Human Kinetics Books.
Vriend, I., Gouttebarge, V., van Mechelen, W., & Verhagen, E.A.L.M. (2016). Neuromuscular training is effective to prevent ankle sprains in a sporting population: a meta analysis translating evidence into optimal prevention strategies. JISAKOS, 1, 202-213.
Weerasekara, I., Osmotherly, P.G., Snodgrass, S.J., Tessier, J., & Rivett, D.A. (2019). Effects of mobilization with movement (MWM) on anatomical and clinical characteristics of chronic ankle instability: a randomized controlled trail protocol. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 20, 75 doi:10.1186/s12891-019-2447-x
Weerasekara, I., Osmotherly, P., Snodgrass, S., Marquez, J., de Zoete, R., & Rivett, D.A. (2018). Clinical Benefits of Joint Mobilization on Ankle Sprains: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 99(7):1395– 1412.e1395.
Wikstrom, E.A., Hubbard-Turner, T., & McKeon, P.O. (2013). Understanding and treating lateral ankle sprains and their consequences: a constraints-based approach. Sports Med , 43(6), 385-93.
Wikstrom, E.A., & Hubbard, T.J. (2010). Talar positional fault in persons with chronic ankle instability. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 91(8), 1267-71.
Wilkerson, G.B., & Nitz, A.J. (1994). Dymanic Ankle Stability: Mechanical and Neuromuscular Interrelationships. J Sports Rehab, 3, 43-57.
Williams P. (1980). Gray’s Anatomy 36th ed. London, UK: Churchill Livingstone.
Williams, J.P.G. (1971). Aetiologic classification of sports injuries. Br J Sports Med, 4, 228-30.
Willems, T.M., Witvrouw, E., Delbaere, K., Mahieu, N., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., & De Clercq, D. (2005). Intrinsic risk factors for inversion ankle sprains in male subjects: a prospective study. Am J Sports Med , 33(3), 415-23.
Woods, C., Hawkins, R., Hulse, M., & Hodson, A. (2003). The Football Association Medical Research Programme: an audit of injuries in professional football: an analysis of ankle sprains. Br J Sports Med, 37(3), 233-8.
Woodman, R., Berghorn, K., Underhill, T., & Wolanin, M. (2013). Utilization of mobilization with movement for an apparent sprain of the posterior talofibular ligament: a case report. Man Ther, 18(1), e1-7.
World Health Organization. (2007). Body Mass Index (BMI) Guidelines for Adults.
World Medical Association. (2001). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Bull World Health Organ, 79(4), 373-374.
Wright, I.C., Neptune, R.R., van den Bogert, A.J., & Nigg, B.M. (2000). The influence of foot positioning on ankle sprains. J Biomech, 33, 513–519.
Yang, C.H., & Vicenzino, B. (2002). Impairments in dorsiflexion and joint repositioning in acute, subacute and recurrent ankle sprain (a preliminary report) Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 5, S17.
Yeung M.S., Chan, K.M., So, C.H., & Yuan, W.Y. (1994). An epidemiological survey on ankle sprains. Br J Sports Med, 28, 112-116.
You, J.Y., Lee, H.M., Luo, H.J., Leu, C.C., Cheng, P.G., & Wu, S.K. (2009). Gastrocnemius tightness on joint angle and work of lower extremity during gait. Clin Biomech, 24(9), 744-50.
Youdas, J.W., McLean, T.J., Krause, D. A., Hollman, J.H. (2009). Changes in active ankle dorsiflexion range of motion after acute inversion ankle sprain. J Sport Rehabil, 18, 358-374.
Young, R., Nix, S., Wholohan, A., Bradhurst, R., & Reed, L. (2013). Interventions for increasing ankle joint dorsiflexion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Foot Ankle Res, 6, 46.
Zech, A., Hubscher, M., Vogt, L., Banzer, W., Hansel, F., & Pfeifer, K. (2010). Balance training for neuromuscular control and performance enhancement: A systemic review. J Athl Train, 45(4), 392-403.
|
This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. |