UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Tujuan kajian ini dilaksanakan adalah untuk membangunkan Model Kebolehpasaran
Graduan (GMM) untuk graduan Pengurusan Perniagaan kolej vokasional (KV) Malaysia.
Kajian ini juga bertujuan untuk meninjau tahap kemahiran dan kebolehpasaran
graduan serta mengenal pasti pengaruh hubungan antara konstruk kemahiran, tingkah laku
kerjaya yang proaktif dan sifat positif dengan kebolehpasaran graduan, di mana pengalaman latihan
(internship training) sebagai moderator. Dalam kajian ini, Teori Modal Insan, Teori Konsep
Kendiri dalam Pembangunan Kerjaya, Model teori Peramal Kebolehpasaran, Model Hubungan
Kerjaya, dan Dimensi Kemahiran Pendidikan Vokasional digunakan. Pendekatan yang
digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian tinjauan melibatkan seramai 243
graduan Pengurusan Perniagaan dari KV seluruh Malaysia dan 76 orang majikan. Pemilihan
sampel kajian adalah berdasarkan teknik pensampelan rawak mudah. Dapatan analisis deskriptif
menunjukkan kebolehpasaran graduan adalah pada tahap sederhana tinggi (Min=5.10, Sisihan
Piawai=1.15). Perspektif graduan dan majikan mendapati bahawa kemahiran kebolehkerjaan, kemahiran
asas akademik dan kemahiran teknikal adalah pada tahap tinggi, manakala kemahiran keusahawanan
berada pada tahap sederhana tinggi. Triangulasi digunakan sebagai dapatan kajian
sekunder (sokongan) iaitu melalui sesi temu bual dan analisis dokumentasi. Keputusan ujian Mann
Whitney U menunjukkan bahawa tiada perbezaan perspektif wujud terhadap tahap kemahiran
graduan antara graduan Pengurusan Perniagaan dengan majikan (0.146>0.05). Seterusnya
dapatan analisis PLS-SEM model pengukuran mendapati bahawa nilai CR yang diperoleh untuk setiap
konstruk adalah dalam julat 0.889 hingga 0.990 di mana kemahiran menyumbang nilai (CR)
tertinggi (0.990) dan penglibatan dalam pembangunan dengan nilai CR terendah (0.800).
Manakala dapatan analisis model struktur, pekali laluan model struktur t mendapati sifat positif
(t = 6.300) dan tindakan kerjaya proaktif (t=2.504) mempunyai pengaruh hubungan yang
signifikan terhadap kebolehpasaran di mana kedua-dua konstruk tersebut mempunyai nilai kritikal
t>1.65 (tahap signifikan=0.05). Kemahiran menunjukkan pengaruh hubungan yang paling lemah
terhadap kebolehpasaran (t=0.750). Manakala analisis mendapati bahawa pengaruh
moderator pengalaman latihan terhadap hubungan antara ketiga-tiga konstruk peramal
dengan kebolehpasaran adalah tidak signifikan dengan nilai t |
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