UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
Start | FAQ | About

Kizhars who were sung as leaders

AVAILABLE Article 652 Views
Back to search
Scan QR Code to share or view item link:

Digital Assets & Download Files
Login required to access this item.
General Information Cached
Title
Kizhars who were sung as leaders
Type
Article
Main Author
Dr.S.Kanmani Ganesan
Subject
P Language and Literature
Language Code
tam
Bibliographic Details
Place of Production
Tanjong Malim
Publisher
Fakulti Bahasa dan Komunikasi
Year of publication
2020
Degree Type
Others
Corporate Name
Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris

Abstract

The aim of this research paper is to deal with the kizhaars; the factors determining their social status like the relationship with velir and venthar, their occupation, economic condition, dwelling place, valour, charity and reputation. U.Ve.Saminathaiyar has comented kizhar as velaalar and velir as the landlords. But categorizing pidavoor kizhan mahan perunjaaththan as a landlord is questionable. Kaa.Govinthan assigning the status for those who belong to the four varnas and the aayar is yet another problem. Mu.Rahavaiyangaar stating Konkaanak kizhan as a vel needs clarification. All these problems are solved in this article. A socialistic approach is followed. The study reveals that they were the leaders of the farmers who cultivated paddy for the velirs. Their traditional farming included crops of the dry lands. They accepted the headship of either velir or venthar and took part in the wars for them. They excelled the velir in charity though they were economically poorer than them. Their dwelling place was simple. The conclusion is that the early Tamil society includes both the people of the soil and the people of the four varnas. Hymns sung by the thinaimaanthar about the same; who lived in the other lands are to be studied with special importance to derive the civilization of the early Tamils.  

References

aingurunooru, (2009)- Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai. Ist edition reprint

Akanaanooru- kalirriyaanai nirai (2009)- Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai. Ist edition reprint

akanaanooru- manimidai pavalam, (2007) Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai.- Ist edition reprint Auvaiyaar- moothurai http://www.edubilla.com/tamil/moothurai/

Govinthan, kaa., (1954)- kizharp peyar perror- kazhaka veliyeedu- 684 saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai.- Ist edition

Kurunthokai (2007) kazhaka veliyeedu- 783 Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai.

Narrinai, (2007) kazhaka veliyeedu- 614, Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai. Ist edition reprint

Paththuppaattu (2007) part- i- kazhaka veliyeedu- 856, Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai.

Paththuppaattu- part ii, (2008) Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai.

pathirruppaththu (2007) kazhaka veliyeedu- 523, Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai. Ist edition reprint

puranaanooru- U.Ve.Saminathaiyar (publisher) (1935)- iii edition- Law journal press, Chennai.

puranaanooru- part- i, (2007) kazhaka veliyeedu- 438- Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai.- Ist edition reprint

puranaanooru- part- ii, (2007) kazhaka veliyeedu- 598, Saiva Siththaantha noorpathippuk kazhakam, chennai.- Ist edition reprint

Ragavaiyangar,Mu., (1913) velir varalaaru- mathuraith thamizhch changam- Chenthamizh pirasuram- 33

 

This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials.
You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research.
Back to search
Installed and configured by Bahagian Automasi, Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
If you have enquiries, kindly contact us at pustakasys@upsi.edu.my or 016-3630263. Office hours only.