Validation of teaching and learning guiding principles elements for Malaysian teacher education programme

This study aimed to validate the elements of Teaching and learning Guiding Principles. The descriptive survey research design was employed using instrument named Teaching and learning Guiding Principles Instrument (TLGPI) which composed of six construct with a total of 67 items. The constructs were Intellectual Excitement, Quality Learning, Constructive Alignment, International Cultural, Climate of Inquiry and Good Values. A total of 350 teacher educators from ten Malaysian higher teacher education institutions were selected using cluster sampling technique involved in this study. The values of Cohen’s Kappa Index (CKI), Content Validity Index (CVI) and analysis of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used to determine face validity, content validity, convergent validity and discriminant validity of TLGPI. The results revealed that the value of CKI yielded 70% inter-rater agreement for face validity and 0.950 of total proportion favorable in CVI for content validity involving five experts. The result also showed that all six models of TLGPI had approached acceptable fits with final total item of 30. In addition, all CFA models achieved convergent validity with Average Variance Extracted above 0.50 and the value of construct reliability exceeded 0.70. These indicated that all constructs could measure the same traits. For Overall Measurement Model, the discriminant validity showed that all correlation coefficient values were less than 0.90 which indicated that all constructs were different. In conclusion, six constructs with 30 items symbolized the valid and reliable six principles of teaching and learning in which each of them is unique. The implication of the study is that the TLGPI provides a valid and reliable instrument based on theoretical and empirical evidence as well as a useful instrument in providing guidance to educators in delivering effective teaching and learning.