UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
|
|
Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Piper hispidum Sw. (Piperaceae) (syn. Piper hispidinervum) is a medicinal shrub distributed in Central and South America, widely used as an astringent, diuretic, stimulant for unblocking the liver and stopping hemorrhages. The plant has great interest among researchers due to the production of essential oil and important raw material for the chemical industry, which has a high demand for cosmetic, insecticide, and pesticide industries. In this review, traditional uses, phytochemicals, and biological activities of P. hispidum are comprehensively and systematically summarized through searching scientific databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of amides, benzoic acids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, butenolides, phenol, and essential oils; hence it has several activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, ?-amylase, insecticidal, schistosomicidal, leishmanial, larvicidal, antiplasmodial, cytotoxicity, estrogenic and serotonergic properties. This review is expected to draw the attention of medical professionals and the general public towards P. hispidum as well as to open the door for detailed research in the future. ? 2021 by the authors. |
References |
(2001). Retrieved from www.scopus.com Albiero, A. L. M., Paoli, A. A. S., Souza, L. A., & Mourão, K. S. M. (2006). Morfoanatomia dos órgãos vegetativos de piper hispidum sw. (piperaceae). Revista Brasileira De Farmacognosia, 16(3), 379-391. Retrieved from www.scopus.com Alecio, A. C., Bolzani, V. D. S., Young, M. C. M., Kato, M. J., & Furlan, M. (1998). Antifungal amide from leaves of piper hispidum. Journal of Natural Products, 61(5), 637-639. doi:10.1021/np9703656 Almeida, C. A., Azevedo, M. M. B., Chaves, F. C. M., Roseo De Oliveira, M., Rodrigues, I. A., Bizzo, H. R., . . . Alviano, C. S. (2018). Piper essential oils inhibit rhizopus oryzae growth, biofilm formation, and rhizopuspepsin activity. Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, 2018 doi:10.1155/2018/5295619 Andrés, M. F., Rossa, G. E., Cassel, E., Vargas, R. M. F., Santana, O., Díaz, C. E., & González-Coloma, A. (2017). Biocidal effects of piper hispidinervum (piperaceae) essential oil and synergism among its main components. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 109, 1086-1092. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2017.04.017 Anuar, M. Z. A., Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Khamis, S., Nafiah, M. A., & Mat Said, Z. (2021). Essential oil composition of alseodaphne perakensis (gamble) kosterm from malaysia. Natural Product Research, 35(3), 508-511. doi:10.1080/14786419.2019.1636245 Assis, A., Brito, V., Bittencourt, M., Silva, L., Oliveira, F., & Oliveira, R. (2013). Essential oils composition of four piper species from brazil. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 25(3), 203-209. doi:10.1080/10412905.2013.767755 Azhar, M. A. M., Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., & Khamis, S. (2020). Essential oil composition of three cryptocarya species from malaysia. Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences, 75(7-8), 297-301. doi:10.1515/znc-2020-0079 Benitez, N. P., Meléndez León, E. M., & Stashenko, E. E. (2009). Essential oil composition from two species of piperaceae family grown in colombia. Journal of Chromatographic Science, 47(9), 804-807. doi:10.1093/chromsci/47.9.804 Burke, B., & Nair, M. (1986). Phenylpropene, benzoic acid and flavonoid derivatives from fruits of jamaican piper species. Phytochemistry, 25(6), 1427-1430. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81303-5 Cáceres, A., Cruz, S. M., Gaitán, I., Guerrero, K., Álvarez, L. E., & Marroquín, M. N. (2012). Antioxidant activity and quantitative composition of extracts of piper species from guatemala with potential use in natural product industry doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.964.9 Retrieved from www.scopus.com Carrara, V. S., Vieira, S. C. H., De Paula, R. G., Rodrigues, V., Magalhães, L. G., Cortez, D. A. G., & Da Silva Filho, A. A. (2014). In vitro schistosomicidal effects of aqueous and dichloromethane fractions from leaves and stems of piper species and the isolation of an active amide from P. amalago L. (piperaceae). Journal of Helminthology, 88(3), 321-326. doi:10.1017/S0022149X13000205 Coe, F. G., & Anderson, G. J. (1996). Screening of medicinal plants used by the garífuna of eastern nicaragua for bioactive compounds. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 53(1), 29-50. doi:10.1016/0378-8741(96)01424-9 Costa, G. M., Endo, E. H., Cortez, D. A. G., Nakamura, T. U., Nakamura, C. V., & Dias Filho, B. P. (2016). Antimicrobial effects of piper hispidum extract, fractions and chalcones against candida albicans and staphylococcus aureus. [Effets antimicrobiens d'extrait de Piper hispidum, fractions et chalcones contre Candida albicans et Staphylococcus aureus] Journal De Mycologie Medicale, 26(3), 217-226. doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2016.03.002 Cruz, S. M., Cáceres, A., Álvarez, L. E., Apel, M. A., & Henriques, A. T. (2012). Chemical diversity of essential oils of 15 piper species from guatemala doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.964.4 Retrieved from www.scopus.com da Silva, J. K. R., Pinto, L. C., Burbano, R. M. R., Montenegro, R. C., Guimarães, E. F., Andrade, E. H. A., & Maia, J. G. S. (2014). Essential oils of amazon piper species and their cytotoxic, antifungal, antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activities. Industrial Crops and Products, 58, 55-60. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.04.006 de Andrade Porto, K. R., Motti, P. R., Yano, M., Roel, A. R., Cardoso, C. A. L., & Matias, R. (2017). Screening of plant extracts and fractions on aedes aegypti larvae found in the state of mato grosso do sul (linnaeus, 1762) (culicidae). Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias, 89(2), 895-906. doi:10.1590/0001-3765201720150017 de Oliveira Wadt, L. H., Ehringhaus, C., & Kageyama, P. Y. (2004). Genetic diversity of "pimenta longa" genotypes (piper spp., piperaceae) of the embrapa acre germplasm collection. Genetics and Molecular Biology, 27(1), 74-82. doi:10.1590/s1415-47572004000100013 Delgado, W. A., & Cuca, L. E. (2007). Composición química del aceite esencial de los frutos de P. hispidum kunth. revista de productos naturales. Artículos De Investigación, 1(1), 5-8. Retrieved from www.scopus.com Dos santos, M. R. A., Silva, A. G., Lima, R. A., Lima, D. K. S., Sallet, L. A. P., Teixeira, C. A. D., . . . Facundo, V. A. (2010). Inseticidal activity of piper hispidum (piperaceae) leaves extract on (hypothenemus hampei). [Atividade inseticida do extrato das folhas de piper hispidum (piperaceae) sobre a broca-do-café (hypothenemus hampei)] Revista Brasileira De Botanica, 33(2), 319-324. doi:10.1590/s0100-84042010000200012 Duke, J. A., & Vasquez, R. (1994). Amazonian Ethnobotanical Dictionary, Retrieved from www.scopus.com Durant-Archibold, A. A., Santana, A. I., & Gupta, M. P. (2018). Ethnomedical uses and pharmacological activities of most prevalent species of genus piper in panama: A review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 217, 63-82. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.008 Estevez, Y., Castillo, D., Pisango, M. T., Arevalo, J., Rojas, R., Alban, J., . . . Sauvain, M. (2007). Evaluation of the leishmanicidal activity of plants used by peruvian chayahuita ethnic group. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 114(2), 254-259. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.007 Facundo, V. A., Pollli, A. R., Rodrigues, R. V., Militão, J. S. L. T., Stabelli, R. G., & Cardoso, C. T. (2008). Fixed and volatile chemical constituents from stems and fruits of piper tuberculatum jacq. and from roots of P. hispidum H. B. K. [Constituintes químicos fixos e voláteis dos talos e frutos de Piper tuberculatum Jacq. e das raízes de P. hispidum H. B. K.] Acta Amazonica, 38(4), 743-748. doi:10.1590/S0044-59672008000400018 Falkowski, M., Jahn-Oyac, A., Odonne, G., Flora, C., Estevez, Y., Touré, S., . . . Houël, E. (2020). Towards the optimization of botanical insecticides research: Aedes aegypti larvicidal natural products in french guiana. Acta Tropica, 201 doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105179 Filho, A. P. D. S. S., Cunha, R. L., Vasconcelos, M. A. M. D., & Zoghbi, M. D. G. B. (2010). Essential oil components of pogostemon heyneanus benth, piper hispidinervum c. dc. and ocimum americanum l. obtained in the amazon. Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plants, 13(3), 347-352. doi:10.1080/0972060X.2010.10643833 Friedrich, U., Siems, K., Solis, P. N., Gupta, M. P., & Jenett-Siems, K. (2005). New prenylated benzoic acid derivatives of piper hispidum. ChemInform, 36 Retrieved from www.scopus.com Houël, E., Gonzalez, G., Bessière, J. -., Odonne, G., Eparvier, V., Deharo, E., & Stien, D. (2015). Therapeutic switching: From antidermatophytic essential oils to new leishmanicidal products. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 110(1), 106-113. doi:10.1590/0074-02760140332 Jaramillo-Colorado, B. E., Pino-Benitez, N., & González-Coloma, A. (2019). Volatile composition and biocidal (antifeedant and phytotoxic) activity of the essential oils of four piperaceae species from choco-colombia. Industrial Crops and Products, 138 doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.06.026 Jenett-Siems, K., Mockenhaupt, F. P., Bienzle, U., Gupta, M. P., & Eich, E. (1999). In vitro antiplasmodial activity of central american medicinal plants. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 4(9), 611-615. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3156.1999.00456.x Lans, C., Harper, T., Georges, K., & Bridgewater, E. (2001). Medicinal and ethnoveterinary remedies of hunters in trinidad. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 1 doi:10.1186/1472-6882-1-10 Lima, R. N., Ribeiro, A. S., Santiago, G. M. P., D'S. Costa, C. O., Soares, M. B., Bezerra, D. P., . . . Alves, P. B. (2019). Antitumor and aedes aegypti larvicidal activities of essential oils from piper klotzschianum, P. hispidum, and P. arboreum. Natural Product Communications, 14(7) doi:10.1177/1934578X19863932 Lima, R. N., Santos, A. D. C., Ribeiro, A. S., Cardozo-Filho, L., Freitas, L. S., Barison, A., . . . Alves, P. B. (2020). Selective amides extraction and biological activity from piper hispidum leaves using the supercritical extraction. Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 157 doi:10.1016/j.supflu.2019.104712 Machado, S. M., Militão, J. S. L. T., Facundo, V. A., Ribeiro, A., Morais, S. M., & Machado, M. I. (1994). Leaf oils of two brazilian piper species: Piper arboreum aublet var. latifolium (C.DC) yuncker and piper hispidum sw. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 6(6), 643-644. doi:10.1080/10412905.1994.9699360 Majolo, C., Monteiro, P. C., Nascimento, A. V. P. D., Chaves, F. C. M., Gama, P. E., Bizzo, H. R., & Chagas, E. C. (2019). Essential oils from five brazilian piper species as antimicrobials against strains of aeromonas hydrophila. Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plants, 22(3), 746-761. doi:10.1080/0972060X.2019.1645047 Michel, J., Duarte, R. E., Bolton, J. L., Huang, Y., Caceres, A., Veliz, M., . . . Mahady, G. B. (2007). Medical potential of plants used by the Q'eqchi maya of livingston, guatemala for the treatment of women's health complaints. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 114(1), 92-101. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2007.07.033 Michel, J. L., Chen, Y., Zhang, H., Huang, Y., Krunic, A., Orjala, J., . . . Mahady, G. B. (2010). Estrogenic and serotonergic butenolides from the leaves of piper hispidum swingle (piperaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 129(2), 220-226. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.03.008 Mooney, H. A., Field, C., Yanes, C. V., & Chu, C. (1983). Environmental controls on stomatal conductance in a shrub of the humid tropics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 80(5), 1295-1297. Retrieved from www.scopus.com Morales, A., Rojas, J., Moujir, L. M., Araujo, L., & Rondón, M. (2013). Chemical composition, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of piper hispidum SW. essential oil collected in venezuela. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 3(6), 16-20. doi:10.7324/JAPS.2013.3603 Morton, J. F. (1981). Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America, Retrieved from www.scopus.com Navickiene, H. M. D., Alécio, A. C., Kato, M. J., Bolzani, V. D. S., Young, M. C. M., Cavalheiro, A. J., & Furlan, M. (2000). Antifungal amides from piper hispidum and piper tuberculatum. Phytochemistry, 55(6), 621-626. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00226-0 Orlandelli, R. C., Alberto, R. N., Almeida, T. T., Azevedo, J. L., & Pamphile, J. A. (2012). In vitro antibacterial activity of crude extracts produced by endophytic fungi isolated from piper hispidum sw. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2(10), 137-141. doi:10.7324/JAPS.2012.21027 Orlandelli, R. C., Alberto, R. N., Almeida, T. T., Azevedo, J. L., & Pamphile, J. A. (2012). In vitro antibacterial activity of crude extracts produced by endophytic fungi isolated from piper hispidum sw. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2(10), 137-141. doi:10.7324/JAPS.2012.21027 Otero, R., Fonnegra, R., Jiménez, S. L., Núñez, V., Evans, N., Alzate, S. P., . . . Vélez, H. N. (2000). Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region of colombia. part I: Traditional use of plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 71(3), 493-504. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00243-9 Otero, R., Núñez, V., Barona, J., Fonnegra, R., Jiménez, S. L., Osorio, R. G., . . . Díaz, A. (2000). Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region of colombia - part III: Neutralization of the haemorrhagic effect of bothrops atrox venom. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 73(1-2), 233-241. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00321-4 Pimentel, F. A., Cardoso, M. G., Salgado, A., Silva, V., Zarcaroni, L. M., Morais, A. R., & Nelson, D. L. (2006). Phytochemistry of piper hispidinervum cultivated under the edafoclimatic conditions of lavras, MG, brazil. Natural Products: An Indian Journal, 2, 89-94. Retrieved from www.scopus.com Pino, J. A., Marbot, R., Bello, A., & Urquiola, A. (2004). Composition of the essential oil of piper hispidum sw. from cuba). Journal of Essential Oil Research, 16(5), 459-460. doi:10.1080/10412905.2004.9698771 Plazas G., E. A., Cuca S., L. E., & Delgado A., W. A. (2008). Isolated flavonoids from inflorescences of piper hispidum kunth (piperaceae) and acetylated derivatives. [Flavonoides aislados de las inflorescencias de Piper hispidum Kunth (Piperaceae) y derivados acetilados] Revista Colombiana De Quimica, 37(2), 135-144. Retrieved from www.scopus.com Ramos, C. S., Soares, M. G., Da Silva, A. M., Batista-Pereira, L. G., Corrêa, A. G., & Kato, M. J. (2012). Electrophysiological responses of the naupactus bipes beetle to essential oils from piperaceae species. Natural Product Communications, 7(8), 1103-1106. doi:10.1177/1934578x1200700835 Riva, D., Simionatto, E. L., Wisniewski Jr., A., Salerno, A. R., & Schallenberger, T. H. (2011). Adaptation studies of piper hispidinervum C. DC. (long pepper) species in itajaí valley - SC, by the chemical composition of essential oil obtained by microwave and traditional hydrodistillation. [Estudo da adaptação da espécie Piper hispidinervum C. DC. (pimento longa) à região do vale do itajaí - SC, através da composição química do óleo essencial obtido por hidrodestilação por micro-ondas e convencional] Acta Amazonica, 41(2), 297-302. doi:10.1590/S0044-59672011000200016 Ruiz, C., Haddad, M., Alban, J., Bourdy, G., Reategui, R., Castillo, D., . . . Rojas, R. (2011). Activity-guided isolation of antileishmanial compounds from piper hispidum. Phytochemistry Letters, 4(3), 363-366. doi:10.1016/j.phytol.2011.08.001 Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Ahmad, F., & Khong, H. Y. (2014). Chemical composition of piper stylosum miq. and piper ribesioides wall. essential oils, and their antioxidant, antimicrobial and tyrosinase inhibition activities. [Composición química de los aceites esenciales de Piper stylosum Miq. y Piper ribosoides Wall. y sus actividades antioxidantes, antimicrobiana y de inhibición de la tirosinasa] Boletin Latinoamericano y Del Caribe De Plantas Medicinales y Aromaticas, 13(5), 488-497. Retrieved from www.scopus.com Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Ahmad, F., Sirat, H. M., & Yen, K. H. (2012). Chemical compositions and antibacterial activity of the leaf and stem oils of piper porphyrophyllum (LINDL.) N.E. br. EXCLI Journal, 11, 399-406. Retrieved from www.scopus.com Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Ahmad, F., & Yen, K. H. (2015). Chemical constituents from piper caninum and antibacterial activity. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 5(6), 020-025. doi:10.7324/JAPS.2015.50604 Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Ahmad, F., Yen, K. H., & Sirat, H. M. (2011). Chemical compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oils of piper caninum blume. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 12(11), 7720-7731. doi:10.3390/ijms12117720 Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Ahmad, F., Yen, K. H., & Sirat, H. M. (2012). Chemical compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of piper officinarum (piperaceae). Natural Product Communications, 7(12), 1659-1662. doi:10.1177/1934578x1200701229 Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Hashim, N. A., Ahmad, F., & Yen, K. H. (2014). Anticholinesterase and antityrosinase activities of ten piper species from malaysia. Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 4, 527-531. doi:10.5681/apb.2014.078 Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Kammil, M. F., Ahmad, F., & Sirat, H. M. (2015). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of essential oil and extracts of piper miniatum. Natural Product Communications, 10(11), 2005-2008. Retrieved from www.scopus.com Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., & Khamis, S. (2020). Chemical composition and anticholinesterase inhibitory activity of pavetta graciliflora wall. ex ridl. essential oil. Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences, 75(11-12), 467-471. doi:10.1515/znc-2020-0075 Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., & Khamis, S. (2020). Chemical composition and lipoxygenase activity of the leaves essential oil of rothmannia macrophylla (hook.f.) bremek. Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plants, 23(2), 331-336. doi:10.1080/0972060X.2020.1752817 Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., & Khamis, S. (2020). Chemical composition of sarcotheca laxa (ridl.) knuth essential oil and their bioactivities. Rivista Italiana Delle Sostanze Grasse, 97(3), 11-16. Retrieved from www.scopus.com Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., & Khamis, S. (2020). Chemical composition of the essential oil of diospyros wallichii king & gamble (ebenaceae). Natural Volatiles and Essential Oils, 7(3), 12-17. doi:10.37929/nveo.746965 Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Khamis, S., Nadri, M. H., Kassim, H., & Tawang, A. (2020). Chemical composition and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of the essential oil of cyathocalyx pruniferus (maingay ex hook.f. & thomson) j. sinclair. Natural Volatiles and Essential Oils, 7(4), 8-13. doi:10.37929/nveo.770303 Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Khamis, S., Nadri, M. H., Kassim, H., & Tawang, A. (2020). Essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of reinwardtiodendron cinereum (hiern) mabb. (meliaceae). Natural Volatiles and Essential Oils, 7(4), 1-7. doi:10.37929/nveo.770245 Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Khamis, S., Rahman, M. N. A., & Nafiah, M. A. (2020). Chemical composition and biological activities of dipterocarpus cornutus dyer essential oil. Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences, 75(5-6), 171-175. doi:10.1515/znc-2020-0028 Salleha, W. M. N. H. W., Ahmada, F., & Yenb, K. H. (2014). Chemical compositions and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of piper abbreviatum, P. erecticaule and P. lanatum (piperaceae). Natural Product Communications, 9(12), 1795-1798. Retrieved from www.scopus.com Santana, A. I., Vila, R., Cañigueral, S., & Gupta, M. P. (2016). Chemical composition and biological activity of essential oils from different species of piper from panama. Planta Medica, 82(11-12), 986-991. doi:10.1055/s-0042-108060 Sauter, I. P., Rossa, G. E., Lucas, A. M., Cibulski, S. P., Roehe, P. M., da Silva, L. A. A., . . . von Poser, G. L. (2012). Chemical composition and amoebicidal activity of piper hispidinervum (piperaceae) essential oil. Industrial Crops and Products, 40(1), 292-295. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.03.025 Shakri, N. M., Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Khamis, S., & Mohamad Ali, N. A. (2020). Chemical characterization of goniothalamus macrophyllus and goniothalamus malayanus leaves' essential oils. Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences, 75(11-12), 485-488. doi:10.1515/znc-2020-0090 Shakri, N. M., Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Khamis, S., Mohamad Ali, N. A., & Nadri, M. H. (2020). Composition of the essential oils of three malaysian xylopia species (annonaceae). Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences, 75(11), 479-484. doi:10.1515/znc-2020-0096 Shakri, N. M., Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Khamis, S., Mohamad Ali, N. A., & Shaharudin, S. M. (2020). Chemical composition of the essential oils of four polyalthia species from malaysia. Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences, 75(11), 473-478. doi:10.1515/znc-2020-0097 Simeone, M. L. F., Mikich, S. B., Côcco, L. C., Hansel, F. A., & Bianconi, G. V. (2011). Chemical composition of essential oils from ripe and unripe fruits of piper amalago L. var. medium (jacq.) yunck and piper hispidum sw.). Journal of Essential Oil Research, 23(5), 54-58. doi:10.1080/10412905.2011.9700483 Tangarife-Castaño, V., Correa-Royero, J. B., Roa-Linares, V. C., Pino-Benitez, N., Betancur-Galvis, L. A., Durán, D. C., . . . Mesa-Arango, A. C. (2014). Anti-dermatophyte, anti-fusarium and cytotoxic activity of essential oils and plant extracts of piper genus. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 26(3), 221-227. doi:10.1080/10412905.2014.882279 Vieira, P. C., De Alvarenga, M. A., Gottlieb, O. R., & Gottlieb, H. E. (1980). 4-hexadecenylphenol and flavonoids from piper hispidum. Planta Med., 39(6), 153-156. Retrieved from www.scopus.com Yunker, T. G. (1972). Separata De Hoenea: The Piperaceae of Brazil, 2, 137-139. Retrieved from www.scopus.com |
This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. |