UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
Start | FAQ | About

QR Code Link :

Type :article
Subject :R Medicine
ISSN :2229872X
Main Author :Wan Norshira Wan Mohd Ghazali
Additional Authors :Hamidah Idris
Title :Typology of vaccine refusals on facebook in Malaysia
Place of Production :Tanjung Malim
Publisher :Fakulti Sains dan Matematik
Year of Publication :2021
Notes :SEARCH Journal of Media and Communication Research
Corporate Name :Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
Web Link :Click to view web link
PDF Full Text :Login required to access this item.

Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
Vaccine success stories in eradicating infectious diseases such as smallpox and polio have long been acknowledged. However, the function of vaccines is not widely known currently as these diseases are low profile. Studies have shown that social media users have always disseminated the harmful effects of vaccines on health without referring to valid and credible sources. This has led to an increase in anti-vaccine sentiment among the public and contributed to vaccine refusal around the globe, including Malaysia. Facebook is well known for providing the space for anti-vaxxers to engage and share distorted and unfounded views about vaccination. Therefore, this study is conducted to examine anti-vaxxers on Facebook and to understand their characteristics. A total of 456 Facebook users who claimed to reject vaccines publicly on a selected Facebook page, Malaysia Kene Tahu (MKT), were quantitatively profiled. The results show that the majority used genuine profile accounts while revealing only certain demographic information. There are three main categories of anti-vaxxers on Facebook based on their anti-vaccination content sharing, namely persistent, moderate, and uncertain. Although only a few people were persistent in sharing vaccine misinformation, this study argues that the impact could be detrimental as their personal Facebook is publicly visible which might influence other users. In conclusion, more strategic communication interventions involving various different stakeholders is needed to educate Facebook users against vaccine misinformation. ? SEARCH Journal 2021.

References

(2018). Internet Users Survey 2018, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

(2020). Internet Users Survey 2018, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

(2020). Some Malaysian Doctors Urge Crackdown on Anti-Vaxxers, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Facebook users in malaysia: March 2020. (2020). Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Vaccine misinformation and social media: People exposed to vaccine content on social media more likely misinformed than those exposed to it on traditional media. (2020). ScienceDaily, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Arumugam, T., & Solhi, F. (2019). Paediatrician: Anti-vaccination group endangering kids’ lives. New Straits Times, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Aziz, I. H. (2020). Pantau laman FB antivaksi. Berita Harian, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Bond, S. (2021). Just 12 People are Behind most Vaccine Hoaxes on Social Media, Research shows, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Bronstein, J. (2014). Creating possible selves: Information disclosure behaviour on social networks. Information Research, 19(1) Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Buechel, E., & Berger, J. (2012). Facebook therapy? why do people share self-relevant content online? Facebook Therapy? Why People Share Self-Relevant Content Online, , 203-208. Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Carusi, A. (2020). Coronavirus: The three types of vaccine-hesitancy authorities need to combat. The Conversation, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Damnjanović, K., Graeber, J., Ilić, S., Lam, W. Y., Lep, Ž., Morales, S., . . . Vingerhoets, L. (2018). Parental decision-making on childhood vaccination. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(JUN) doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00735

Devineni, P., Koutra, D., Faloutsos, M., & Faloutsos, C. (2017). Facebook wall posts: A model of user behaviors. Social Network Analysis and Mining, 7(1) doi:10.1007/s13278-017-0422-9

Dhapola, S. (2021). Inside an anti-vaccine group, reading posts that wait to be taken down by facebook. The Indian Express, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Fratantoni, M. (2019). The four types of anti-vaxxers on social media and how to combat them. Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Germani, F., & Biller-Andorno, N. (2021). The anti-vaccination infodemic on social media: A behavioral analysis. PLoS ONE, 16(3 March) doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247642

Gheyle, N., & Jacobs, T. (2017). Content analysis: A short overview. Internal Research Note, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Gundogdu, Z. (2020). Parental attitudes and perceptions towards vaccines. Cureus, 12(4) Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Hagood, E. A., & Herlihy, S. M. (2013). Addressing heterogeneous parental concerns about vaccination with a multiple-source model: A parent and educator perspective. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, 9(8), 1790-1794. doi:10.4161/hv.24888

Hiller, J., Schatz, K., & Drexler, H. (2017). Gender influence on health and risk behavior in primary prevention: A systematic review. Journal of Public Health (Germany), 25(4), 339-349. doi:10.1007/s10389-017-0798-z

Hoffman, B. L., Felter, E. M., Chu, K. -., Shensa, A., Hermann, C., Wolynn, T., . . . Primack, B. A. (2019). It's not all about autism: The emerging landscape of anti-vaccination sentiment on facebook. Vaccine, 37(16), 2216-2223. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.03.003

Howard, J. (2019). Anti-vaxxers and facebook: The four subgroups that fuel online attacks. Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Kim, C., & Yang, S. -. (2017). Like, comment, and share on facebook: How each behavior differs from the other. Public Relations Review, 43(2), 441-449. doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2017.02.006

Klimiuk, K., Czoska, A., Biernacka, K., & Balwicki, Ł. (2021). Vaccine misinformation on social media–topic-based content and sentiment analysis of polish vaccine-deniers’ comments on facebook. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, 17(7), 2026-2035. doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1850072

Krämer, N. C., & Haferkamp, N. (2011). Online self-presentation: Balancing privacy concerns and impression construction on social networking sites. Privacy Online, , 127-141. Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Krisvianti, S., & Triastuti, E. (2020). Facebook group types and posts: Indonesian women free themselves from domestic violence. SEARCH Journal of Media and Communication Research, 12(3), 1-17. Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Kusnin, F. (2017). Immunisation program in malaysia. Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Leary, M. R., & Kowalski, R. M. (1990). Impression management: A literature review and two-component model. Psychological Bulletin, 107(1), 34-47. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.107.1.34

McIntosh, E. D. G., Janda, J., Ehrich, J. H. H., Pettoello-Mantovani, M., & Somekh, E. (2016). Vaccine hesitancy and refusal. Journal of Pediatrics, 175, 248-249.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.06.006

Muller, J. (2021). Facebook online reach in malaysia 2017-2025. Statista, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Muntinga, D. G., Moorman, M., & Smit, E. G. (2011). Introducing COBRAs: Exploring motivations for brand-related social media use. International Journal of Advertising, 30(1) Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Ross, M. (2015). The 4 types of anti-vaxxers. Pharmacy Times, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Rumetta, J., Abdul-Hadi, H., & Lee, Y. -. (2020). A qualitative study on parents’ reasons and recommendations for childhood vaccination refusal in malaysia. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 13(2), 199-203. doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2019.07.027

Schlosser, A. E. (2020). Self-disclosure versus self-presentation on social media. Current Opinion in Psychology, 31, 1-6. doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.06.025

Smith, T. C. (2017). Vaccine rejection and hesitancy: A review and call to action. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 4(3) doi:10.1093/ofid/ofx146

Srinivasan, B. V., Natarajan, A., Sinha, R., Gupta, V., Revankar, S., & Ravindran, B. (2013). Will your facebook post be engaging? Paper presented at the International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, Proceedings, 25-28. doi:10.1145/2512875.2512881 Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Terrasi, J. (2019). What are digital ethics? Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Townsend, L., & Wallace, C. (2016). Social Media Research: A Guide to Ethics, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Warrens, M. J. (2015). Five ways to look at cohen's kappa. Journal of Psychology & Psychotherapy, 5(4) Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Willis, R. (2019). Observations online: Finding the ethical boundaries of facebook research. Research Ethics, 15(1), 1-17. doi:10.1177/1747016117740176

Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J. R. (1997). Mass Media Research: An Introduction, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Wittkower, D. E. (2014). Facebook and dramauthentic identity: A post-goffmanian theory of identity performance on SNS. First Monday, 19(4) doi:10.5210/fm.v19i4.4858

Wong, L. P., Wong, P. F., & AbuBakar, S. (2020). Vaccine hesitancy and the resurgence of vaccine preventable diseases: The way forward for malaysia, a southeast asian country. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, 16(7), 1511-1520. doi:10.1080/21645515.2019.1706935

Wright, M. F. (2017). Online identity construction. The International Encyclopedia of Media Effects, , 1-12. Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Yeoh, A. (2021). Report: Most anti-vaccine information on social media linked to 12 individuals. The Star, Retrieved from www.scopus.com

Zhao, X., Salehi, N., Naranjit, S., Alwaalan, S., Voida, S., & Cosley, D. (2013). April 27-may 2. the many faces of facebook: Experiencing social media as performance, exhibition, and personal archive. Paper Presented at the CHI '13, Retrieved from www.scopus.com


This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials.
You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research.

Back to previous page

Installed and configured by Bahagian Automasi, Perpustakaan Tuanku Bainun, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
If you have enquiries with this repository, kindly contact us at pustakasys@upsi.edu.my or Whatsapp +60163630263 (Office hours only)