UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Latihan bebanan merupakan salah satu kaedah latihan yang sering digunakan untuk
meningkatkan kekuatan dan saiz otot. Tujuan kajian ini adalah menentukan kesan
latihan bebanan terhadap indeks jisim tubuh (BMI), jisim otot, peratusan lemak tubuh,
kekuatan genggaman tangan dan ulangan maksimum tekan tubi dalam kalangan
pelajar lelaki berlebihan berat badan lelaki. Teori Esco telah digunakan dalam kajian
ini yang menekankan tentang kepentingan latihan bebanan untuk meningkatan
kekuatan dan ketahanan otot. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuasi-eksperimental
sebagai reka bentuk kajian. Peserta kajian dipilih berdasarkan kriteria iaitu pelajar
lelaki yang mempunyai indeks BMI 23.00 – 27.4. Subjek kajian terdiri daripada 20
pelajar lelaki (BMI 25.76 ± 1.35, umur 23.05 ± 2.14 tahun) yang telah dipilih secara
rawak. Instrumen kajian terdiri daripada alat analisis komposisi tubuh digunakan
untuk mengukur BMI, peratusan lemak dan jisim otot. Kekuatan otot diukur melalui
ujian kekuatan maksimum genggaman tangan manakala ketahanan otot menggunakan
ujian ulangan maksimum tekan tubi. Intervensi latihan bebanan dijalankan selama 4
minggu, iaitu 3 kali seminggu. Ujian pra yang mengandung lima dimensi iaitu BMI,
peratusan lemak, jisim otot, kekuatan otot dan ketahanan otot telah dijalankan
sebelum intervensi. Ujian pasca pula dilaksanakan selepas empat (4) minggu
intervensi berjalan. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferens
seperti kekerapan, peratusan, min, sisihan piawai dan ujian-t berpasangan. Dapatan
kajian menunjukkan terdapat kesan signifikan intervensi latihan bebanan terhadap
ketahanan otot [t(19) = -6.37; p0.05], jisim otot [t(19)= -1.45; p>0.05],
peratusan lemak tubuh [t(19)= -0.448; p>0.05] dan kekuatan maksimum genggaman
tangan [t(19)= -1.39; p>0.05]. Kesimpulannya, latihan bebanan selama empat (4)
minggu berupaya meningkatkan ketahanan otot dalam kalangan pelajar lelaki
berlebihan berat badan namun tiada kesan untuk dimensi yang lain seperti BMI,
peratusan lemak, jisim otot, dan kekuatan otot. Oleh yang demikian, latihan bebanan
boleh dijadikan salah satu strategi untuk meningkatkan ketahanan otot dalam individu
berlebihan berat badan. Implikasi kajian mencadangkan intervensi latihan bebanan
perlu dipanjangkan jangka masa kajian untuk mendapatkan kesan yang lebih
signifikan. |
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