UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kualiti fiziko-kimia air di hulu lembangan
Sungai Bernam kerana terdapat pembinaan kawasan perumahan yang baru dijalankan oleh
pihak pemaju. Sampel air sungai di tiga stesen dicerap sebanyak seminggu sekali dari bulan
Oktober 2019 sehingga Februari 2020. Kajian ini melibatkan parameter in-situ dan analisis
makmal berdasarkan enam parameter iaitu oksigen terlarut (DO), pH, kehendak oksigen
biokimia (BOD), keperluan oksigen kimia (COD), ammonia nitrogen (AN) dan pepejal
terampai (SS). Data yang dicerap dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif.
Sementara itu, analisis non-parametrik iaitu ujian Mann-Kendall digunakan untuk melihat
trend kualiti air di stesen Pekan Tanjong Malim dari tahun 1993 hingga 2018. Data
dianalisis dengan menggunakan Statistical Software for Excel (XLSTAT) 2020. Akhir
sekali, kualiti fiziko-kimia air dikelaskan untuk mengenal pasti status kualiti air
berdasarkan indeks kualiti air (IKA). Dapatan kajian berkenaan dengan pH, BOD, dan
COD menunjukkan trend meningkat manakala TSS menunjukkan trend menurun. Trend
pH yang meningkat menunjukkan keadaan sungai yang bersih sesuai untuk hidupan
akuatik. Seterusnya, BOD dan COD yang meningkat sangat berkait rapat dengan
kumbahan, sisa makanan, serta penggunaan baja kimia dan organik berhampiran dengan
sungai. Tambahan pula, sememangnya terdapat aktiviti pertanian dan kawasan perumahan
di kawasan tersebut. Penurunan trend TSS pula disebabkan oleh aktiviti pembukaan tanah
di kawasan sekitar yang tidak begitu giat seperti tahun sebelumnya kerana kandungan TSS
disumbangkan oleh faktor seperti hakisan ketika musim hujan. Seterusnya, berdasarkan
sampel yang dicerap, status kualiti air sungai berada pada Kelas II. Secara keseluruhan,
kualiti air masih baik dan tidak melampaui tahap yang ditetapkan oleh IKA iaitu Kelas IV
dan Kelas V yang dikira sudah tercemar. Keadaan kualiti air yang bersih dapat menjamin
keselamatan dan kesejahteraan sejagat. |
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