UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
This study aimed to analyze the essential oils composition, phytochemistry,
anatomical and antioxidant activity of the genus Vitex (V. negundo and V. trifolia) and
Plectranthus (P. amboinicus and P. monostachyus) from Lamiaceae family. The
essential oils were obtained via hydrodistillation technique and their chemical
compositions were determined by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The phytochemicals were obtained
using chromatography techniques and their structures were confirmed by
spectroscopic data and comparison with literatures. The anatomical study have been
investigated on the lamina, midrib and petiole of the leaves part. The antioxidant
activity of the essential oils was investigated using DPPH free radical scavenging
assay. The study showed a total of 14 and 18 components were identified from the leaf
oils of V. negundo (92.8%) and V. trifolia (91.5%), respectively. The results revealed
that the essential oils are made up principally of δ-elemene (43.1%), spathulenol
(9.8%), δ-selinene (7.8%) for V. negundo, while viridiflorol (42.3%), β-caryophyllene
(21.7%), and β-elemene for V. trifolia. In the case of Plectranthus essential oils, 20
components was found from P. amboinicus (91.1%) and 37 components were
identified from P. monostachyus (98.8%) oils. The major components of P.
amboinicus oil were carvacrol (54.4%), β-caryophyllene (8.9%), and α-cisbergamotene
(7.7%), whereas P. monostachyus oil gave β-caryophyllene (26.2%),
germacrene D (12.5%), δ-cadinene (9.2%), and germcarene B (8.8%). In addition,
viridiflorol and carvacrol have been successfully isolated from the crude oils, whereas
vanillic acid, vanillin, β-sitosterol and β-sitostenone were identified from the crude
extracts. The essential oil of P. amboinicus displayed strong antioxidant activity with
IC50 value 32.5 μg/mL. Meanwhile, the oil gland has been found in lamina, midrib and
petiole of all essential oils. As conclusion, the composition of the essential oils from
four species of Lamiaceae family have shown various chemical components and
proved via anatomical study. The implication of this study demonstrates the
importance of the characterization of Lamiaceae taxa in elucidating phylogenetic
relationships as well as the potential of Plectranthus essential oils as a source of
natural antioxidants. |
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