UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
|
|
Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kesan teknik SQ3R terhadap pencapaian kefahaman
membaca Bahasa Cina tahun tiga. Kajian ini juga mengkaji tahap penguasaan
kefahaman membaca mengikut kategori literal, inferens dan kritikal serta mengenal
pasti tahap penerimaan murid terhadap teknik SQ3R. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan
menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan reka bentuk kuasi eksperimen. Pemilihan
sampel kajian dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik persampelan bertujuan yang
melibatkan jumlah seramai 68 orang murid tahun tiga dari dua buah kelas di sebuah
sekolah rendah daerah Tangkak. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 34 orang murid dalam
kumpulan eksperimen dan 34 orang murid dalam kumpulan kawalan. Instrumen yang
digunakan ialah Ujian Pemahaman Bertulis (UPB) dan soal selidik tahap penerimaan
terhadap teknik SQ3R. Data kuantitatif dikutip dan dianalisis menggunakan statistik
deskriptif dan inferensi. Statistik deskriptif seperti taburan frekuensi, peratusan, min
dan sisihan piawai telah digunakan untuk menerangkan tahap penguasaan kefahaman
membaca mengikut kategori literal, inferens dan kritikal serta menjelaskan tahap
penerimaan murid terhadap teknik SQ3R. Statistik inferensi pula melibatkan ujian-t
yang menjelaskan pencapaian keseluruhan dalam kefahaman membaca. Dapatan kajian
[t(66)=2.486, p |
References |
Adila, D.N.Y.O., & Weganofa, R. (2018). The effect of SQ3R strategy on students’ reading comprehension. Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra, 5(1), 48-57.
Agustina, A. (2015). Efektivitas metode SQ3R (survey, question, read, recite, review) terhadap kemampuan reading comprehension wacana Bahasa Inggris siswa kelas X semester genap SMA Negeri 6 Yogyakarta. Teknologi Pembelajaran- S2, 4(1).
Ahmad Bujang, Asiah Naho & Noriah Awang. (2019). The application of information and communication technology (ICT) in teaching and learning. ILKKM Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 1(2), 1-5.
Ajurun Begum (2018). The effect of using webcomics as an instructional approach on the development of ESL students’ reading comprehension ability (Doctoral dissertation). Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim.
Alderson, J.C. (2000). Assessing reading. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Al-Ghazo, A. (2015). The effect of SQ3R and semantic mapping strategies on reading comprehension learning among Jordanian University students. International Journal of English and Education, 4(3), 92-106.
Alvin Raj Santhanadass. (2015). Kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan instrumen penilaian Pendidikan Luar (Tesis PhD). Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim.
Anderson, M. (2002). Text Types in English 2. Australia: Macmillan Education Australia PTY. LTD.
Anderson, M. & Anderson K. (2003). Text Types in English 2. Australia: Macmillan Education.
Andrés, I. C. (2020). Enhancing reading comprehension through an intensive reading approach. HOW Journal, 27(1), 69-82.
Ary, D. (2010). Introduction to Research in Education. (8th Ed.). Massachusetts: Cengage Learning.
Asiri, A., & Momani, M.M. (2017). The effectiveness of using SQ3R to teach reading skills. Asian Journal of Educational Research Vol, 5(1).
Awatif Abdul Rahman, Hairun Najuwah Jamali, Ku Fatahiyah Ku Azizan & Siti Nurhajariah. (2016). Penguasaan bahan bacaan Bahasa Arab melalui teknik membaca SQ3R. e-BANGI, 11, 69-80.
Awatif Abdul Rahman, Muhammad Khairi Mahyuddin, Hairun Najuwah Jamali, Ku Fatahiyah Ku Azizan & Siti Nurhajariah. (2017). Teori skemata melalui penguasaan bahan bacaan: Satu proses interaktif. Jurnal Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah, 82-92.
Azizi Ahmad, & Mohd. Isha Awang. (2008). Pengukuran dan penilaian pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Barret, B. (1972). Taxonomy of reading comprehension. Lexington: Ginn and Company.
Betaubun, M. (2016). The implementation SQ3R technique in teaching English to support third class students’ ability in reading comprehension at State Vocational High School in Merauke-Papua Indonesia. Journal of Culture, Society and Development. An International Peer-reviewed Journal, 25.
Biringkanae, A. (2018). The use of SQ3R technique in improving students reading comprehension. ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities, 1(2), 218-225.
Brown, H.D. (2000). Principles of language learning and teaching (4th Ed.). New York: Pearson Education.
Bryman, A. (2012). Social research methods (8th Ed.). Oxford University Press.
Bulut, A. (2017). Improving 4th grade primary school students' reading comprehension skills. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(1), 23-30.
Butterfuss, R., Kim, J., & Kendeou, P. (2020). Reading comprehension. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Education.
Cain, K. (2015). Literacy development: The interdependent roles of oral language and reading comprehension. In R. H. Bahr, & E. R. Silliman (Eds.), Routledge handbook of communication disorders (pp. 204-214). New York, NY: Routledge.
Cain, K., Compton D.L. & Parrilla R.K. (2017). Theories in reading development. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Campbell, D. & Stanley, J. (1963). Experimental and quasi experimental designs for research. Chicago, IL: RandMcNally.
Cao X.R. (2016). Pengaruh teknik konsep pemetaan dalam pengajaran Bahasa Cina terhadap keupayaan membaca murid tahun empat (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Pendidikan Taichung, Taiwan.
Chai, M.S. (2016). Kajian korelasi mengenai motivasi membaca digital, strategi dan keupayaan pemahaman murid sekolah rendah tahun lima di Penghu (Tesis PhD). Universiti Nasional Pingtung, Taiwan.
Chai, W. (2016). Study of the application of genre-based teaching approach in the reading teaching in Chinese language course of primary school (Master Dissertation). Yunnan Normal University, China.
Chall, J.S. (1983). Stages of reading development. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Chen, B.H. (2016). Kajian tinjauan berkenaan pengajaran membaca Bahasa Cina tahap tinggi sekolah rendah (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Yangzhou, China.
Chen, M.Y. (2018). Kajian tindakan pengajaran strategi kefahaman membaca sekolah rendah Tahun Enam (Tesis PhD). Universiti Nasional Pingtung, Taiwan.
Chen, Q.Y. (2017). Kajian tinjauan keupayaan membaca di kalangan murid tahun tiga sekolah rendah dan cara untuk meningkatkan keupayaan membaca (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Chongqing, China.
Chen, T. (2017). Kajian kes dalam meningkatkan literasi membaca murid sekolah rendah berdasarkan strategi SQ5R (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Normal Nanjing, China.
Chen, X.Y. (2016). Penyelarasan gaya: Piawaian untuk bentuk bahasa teks terpilih di buku teks Bahasa Cina sekolah rendah. Dimuat turun daripada https://www.pep.com.cn/kcs/zjxz/xxyw/cxy/lw/201811/t20181106_1933074.h tml
Chew M.F. & Wong M.H. (2020). A conceptual framework: The integration of SQ3R in flipped classroom model for Chinese reading comprehension. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 9(2).
Chua, Y.P. (2013). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan buku 3: Asas statistik penyelidikan (Edisi kedua). Selangor: McGraw-Hill Education (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.
Chua, Y.P. (2016). Mastering research methods. (2nd ed.). Selangor: McGraw-Hill Education (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.
Cohen, R. (1983). Students generate questions as an aid to reading comprehension. The Reading Teacher, 36(8), 770–775.
Creswell, J.W., & Creswell, J.D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). Sage publications.
Cromley, J. G., & Azevedo, R. (2007). Testing and refining the direct and inferential mediation model of reading comprehension. Journal of Educational Psychology, 99, 311–325.
Dagostino, L., Carifio, J., Bauer, J. D., Zhao, Q., & Nor Hashimah Hashim. (2014). Assessment of a reading comprehension instrument as it relates to cognitive abilities as defined by Bloom's revised taxonomy. Current Issues in Education, 17(1).
Dickinson, K.S. (2016). An exploratory study of inquiry-based learning to close the achievement gap in reading and writing at the secondary level (Doctoral Dissertation). Seattle University, USA.
Doerksen, R. (2016). Looking inward to 21 century pedagogy. McGill Journal of Education, 51(3), 1197.
Dong, X.W. (2006). Study of literature text theory. Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press, 75-80.
Fraenkel, J.R., Wallen, N.E. & Hyun, H.H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. New York: McGraw-hill Higher Education.
Gagne, E.D. (1993). The cognitive psychology of school learning (2nd ed.). New York: HarperCollins College Publishers.
Garson, G.D. (2013). Validity and reliability. USA: Statistical Publishing Associates.
Grabe, W. & Stoller, F.L. (2002). Teaching and researching reading. Harlow: Pearson Education.
Grindon, K. (2014). Advocacy at the core: Inquiry and empowerment in the time of Common Core State Standards. Language Arts, 91(4), 251-266.
Gu, Y.X. (2019). The effects of integrated instruction on Chinese sixth graders’ reading comprehension, reading motivation and strategy use in fiction reading (Doctoral Dissertation). The Chinese University of Hong Kong.
Guo, Y.H. (2015). Kajian tinjauan amalan pengajaran literasi Cina sekolah rendah di bawah piawaian kurikulum baharu (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Hainan, China.
Guo, Y.P. (2018). Kajian pencapaian objektif pengajaran pembacaan Cina di sekolah rendah (Tesis Master). Universiti Shandong, China.
Gurning, B., & Siregar, A. (2017). The effect of teaching strategies and curiosity on students' achievement in reading comprehension. English Language Teaching, 10(11), 191-198.
Habibah, L.C., & Muftianti, A. (2020). Pembelajaran keterampilan membaca pemahaman teks narasi pada siswa kelas V SD dengan menggunakan metode SQ3R. Creative of Learning Students Elementary Education, 3(6), 327-334.
Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. (2009). Multivariate data analysis (7th Ed.). Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall.
Harkness, J., & Schoua-Glusberg, A. (1998). Questionnaires in translation. ZUMANachrichten Spezial, 87-126.
Hartini, N. (2014). The effectiveness of English talking book in teaching reading. ELT Perspective Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, 1(2), 114-128.
Harun Baharudin. (2014). Strategi pembelajaran kosa kata Bahasa Arab pelajar Sekolah Menengah Agama di Malaysia (Tesis Phd). Universiti Malaya.
Harzing, A.W., Reiche, B., & Pudelko, M. (2013). Challenges in international survey research: A review with illustrations and suggested solutions for best practice. European Journal of International Management, 7(1), 112-134.
Hayatina, M., & Fajrina, S.A. (2018). Cooperative Integrated Reading Composition to improve pupils’ reading comprehension achievement and motivation. Journal of Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers and Teacher Education, 8(2), 29- 37.
Herdi, H. & Santika, R. (2020). Using a constructivist approach to improve students’ comprehension in reading descriptive text at the seventh grade of SMP Negeri 24 Pekanbaru. Elsya: Journal of English Language Studies, 2(2), 62-66.
Hertzog, M.A. (2008). Considerations in determining sample size for pilot studies. Research in Nursing & Health, 31(2), 180–191.
Hou, M.J. (2017). Learning effects of story-map teaching reading comprehension strategy for students with learning disabilities (Thesis Master). National Pingtung University, Taiwan.
Hu, M.L. (2016). Penyelidikan pengajaran mengenai strategi membaca Cina di sekolah menengah (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Southwest, China.
Huang, J.Z., Lin, J.F., Zeng, Z.Y., Lin, W.Z. & Cao, Z.C. (2016). Kajian kefahaman membaca murid tahun lima di Chiayi. GuoXiao Zhuren Chuxunban, 19-34.
Jacobs, G., & Yong, S. (2004). Using cooperative learning to teach via text types. The Reading Matrix, 4(2), 117–122.
Jannah, M. (2018). The effect of survey, question, read, recite, and review (SQ3R). International Research Journal of Engineering, IT & Scientific Research, 4(1), 1-11.
Jannah, R. (2016) Teaching narrative reading text by using SQ3R and ETR strategies to the eighth-grade students of MTS Paradigma Palembang. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, 3(1), 33-44.
Kang, F.Y. (2016, Januari 31). Xiao Xue Sheng Xin Shang Gu Shi Xiao Er Ke Ben Chu Xian Zhong Si Jiao Cai. Nanyang Siang Pau. Diperolehi daripada nanyang.com/node/746369?tid=460
Ke, H.Y. (2009). Pengajaran keupayaan kemahiran membaca 2: Memupuk pembaca yang Super. Taipei: Majalah Tianxia.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2013). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025 (PPPM). Putrajaya: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2016). Laporan Tahunan 2016 Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013 - 2025. Unit Pelaksanaan dan Prestasi Pendidikan: Putrajaya.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2017). Dokumen Standard Bahasa Cina Tahun 3. Putrajaya: Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2018). Bahasa Cina Tahun 3 Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Cina. Selangor: The Malaya Press Sdn. Bhd.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2020, November 8). Kenyataan media: Pemakluman pelaksanaan pengajaran dan pembelajaran di rumah. Dimuat turun daripada https://www.moe.gov.my/en/pemberitahuan/announcement/pemakluman-pdpr
Keya Rani Das, Rahmatullah Imon A.H.M., (2016). A brief review of tests for normality. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 5-12.
Koopman, E. & Hakemulder, F. (2015). Effects of literature on empathy and selfreflection: A theoretical-empirical framework. Journal of Literary Theory, 9(1), 79-111.
KSSR Semakan dilaksanakan mulai Januari. (2016). MyMetro. Diperoleh dari https://www.hmetro.com.my/mutakhir/2016/12/190362/kssr-semakandilaksana- mulai-januari
Kusumawati, A.J. (2019). Students' perception on SQ3R method in reading comprehension with the help of technology: A study in EFL classroom. In Proceedings of the 2019 5th International Conference on Education and Training Technologies, 120-124.
Lamberg, W.J. & Lamb C.E. (1980). Reading instruction in the content areas. Rand McNally College Publishing Company.
Laporan Kaji Selidik Pencapaian TIMSS dan PISA Malaysia. Dimuat turun daripada https://www.academia.edu/11694253/Laporan_Kaji_Selidik_Pencapaian_TIM SS_dan_PISA_Malaysia?auto=download
Leidig, T., Grünke, M., Urton, K., Knaak, T., & Hisgen, S. (2018). The effects of the RAP strategy used in a peer-tutoring setting to foster reading comprehension in high-risk fourth graders. Learning Disabilities: A Contemporary Journal, 16(2), 231-253.
Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia. (2016). Dimuat turun daripada http://www.mykssr.com/2016/02/julat-markah-peperiksaan-sekolahrendah. html
Li, F. (2018). A study of theme-based teaching methods in reading comprehension (Master dissertation). Shaanxi Normal University, China.
Li, S.P. (2019). Kajian strategi keupayaan membaca Cina di sekolah rendah bawah kurikulum baharu. Universe Scientific Publishing, 196, 1357.
Lien, C.S. (2013). Text coherence, reading ability, and children’s scientific understanding. Bulletin of Educational Psychology, 44(4), 875-904.
Lin, S.Y. (2019). An action research on teaching reading strategies to improve the effectiveness of non-continuous text understanding of Grade 5 children in elementary schools (Master Dissertation). National Taichung University of Education, Taiwan.
Liu, H.C. (2015). The result of the students who has low- achievement in Chinese operates reading by using QAR reading (Master Dissertation). National Taitung University of Education, Taiwan.
Liu, J.J. (2015). Kajian mengenai konsistensi sekolah rendah keupayaan bacaan Cina dan penilaian pelajar (Tesis PhD). Universiti Central China.
Liu, J.Y. (2019). Analisis punca keupayaan membaca rendah di kalangan murid dan strategi mengatasinya. China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House, 5, 97.
Looi, L.H., & Norfaneliza Mohd Embros. (2020). Kesan penggunaan strategi membaca terhadap pencapaian pemahaman bacaan. Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 4(2), 173-186.
Luo, Y. (2018). Kajian tinjauan penggunaan strategi membaca dan cadangan pengajaran sekolah rendah di Wuhan sebagai contoh (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Central China.
Mangasi, P.L. (2019). Implementation of SQ3R to increase reading interest, critical thinking skills, and ability to understand Indonesian language reading of 6th grade Indonesia students. International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education, 1(1), 71-81.
Marohaini Yusoff. (1999). Strategi pengajaran bacaan dan kefahaman. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa & Pustaka.
Marohaini Yusoff. (2014). Strategi pengajaran bacaan dan kefahaman. Batu Caves: PTS Akademia.
McGeown, S.P, Duncan, L.G., Griffiths, Y.M., & Stothard, S.E. (2015). Exploring the relationship between adolescent's reading skills, reading motivation and reading habits. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 28(4), 545–569.
Mcgorry, S.Y. (2000). Measurement in a cross-cultural environment: Survey translation issues. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 3(2): 74-81.
McKenna, M.C., & Dougherty Stahl, K.A. (2015). Assessment for reading instruction (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
Meniado, J.C. (2016). Metacognitive reading strategies, motivation, and reading comprehension performance of Saudi EFL students. English Language Teaching, 9(3), 117-129.
Meng, L.Q, Muñoz, M., King Hess, K., & Liu, S.J. (2017). Effective teaching factors and student reading strategies as predictors of student achievement in PISA 2009: The case of China and the United States. Educational Review, 69(1), 68– 84.
Miller, J.W. (2016). World's most literate nations ranked. CCSU News Release. Central Connecticut State University.
Mishra, P., Pandey, C.M., Singh, U., Gupta, A., Sahu, C., & Keshri, A. (2019). Descriptive statistics and normality tests for statistical data. Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia, 22(1), 67.
Mitchell, D.C. (1983). The process of reading: A cognitive analysis of fluent reading and learning to read. West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Mohd Hazli, Maimun Aqsha Lubis & Mahani. (2019). Kemahiran membaca teks Arab sebagai bahasa kedua: Penelitian dari perspektif teori dan kurikulum. International Online Journal of Language, Communication, and Humanities, 2(1), 26-44.
Mok, S.S. (2008). Pedagogi untuk pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Selangor: Penerbitan Multimedia Sdn. Bhd.
Mok, S.S. (2011). Psikologi Pendidikan (Edisi kedua). Selangor: Penerbitan Multimedia Sdn. Bhd.
Mokhtar Ismail. (2011). Kaedah penyelidikan kuantitatif dalam pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Nadler, J.T., Weston, R., Voyles & E.C., (2015). Stuck in the middle: The use and interpretation of mid-points in items on questionnaires. J. Gen Psychol,142(2), 71-89.
National Reading Panel. (2002). Teaching children to read: An evidence based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Nelson, J.K. (2018). Reading as active learning: Exploring pedagogical practices in a dual-classroom model. Family Science Review, 22(4).
Nor Hashimah Hashim, Yahya Che Lah, et al. (2006). The level of reading comprehension of Malay Language of primary school students. Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Noraini Idris. (2010). Penyelidikan dalam pendidikan. Petaling Jaya: McGraw Hill (M).
Ooi L.J. (2020). Kesan Strategi Pengajaran Timbal Balik terhadap kemahiran membaca dan minat membaca murid. Journal of Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers and Teacher Education, 10(1), 63-76.
Orlich, D.C., Harder, R.J., Callahan, R.C., Trevisan, M.S., & Brown, A.H. (2012). Teaching strategies: A guide to effective instruction. Cengage Learning.
Pallant, J. (2011). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using the SPSS program (4th Ed.). Berkshire: Allen & Unwin.
Pamungkas, S., & Suhardi, S. (2019). The influence of Cooperative Intergerative Reading and Composition (CIRC) and Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review (SQ3R) on ability reading comprehension of elementary school. KnE Social Sciences, 546-556.
Pickard, A.J. (2013). Research methods in information. Facet Publication.
Rebecca, J.L. (2003). A critical handbook of children’s literature. Massachuset: Pearson Education, Inc.
Robinson, F.P. (1941). Diagnostic and remedial techniques for effective study. New York: Harper and Row, Publishers.
Robinson, F.P. (1946). Effective study. New York, Harper Collins.
Robinson, F.P. (1961). Study skills for superior students in secondary school. The Reading Teacher, 15(1), 29–33.
Robinson, F.P. (1970). Effective study (4th ed.). New York: Harper & Row.
Roehling, J.V., Hebert, M., Nelson, J.R., & Bohaty, J.J. (2017). Text structure strategies for improving expository reading comprehension. The Reading Teacher, 71(1), 71-82.
Rogers, J., & Révész, A. (2020). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs. The Routledge handbook of research methods in applied linguistics. New York: Routledge.
Rohana. (2018). Method improving reading comprehension in primary education program students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 954.
Rubin, D. (1991). Diagnosis and correction in reading instruction (2nd Ed.). Allyn and Bacon. Massachusetts.
Rumelhart, D.E. (1977). Toward an interactive model of reading. In S. Dornic (Eds.), Attention and performance VI (pp.573-603). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Russell, J.D. (1974). Modular instruction: A guide to the design, selection, utilization and evaluation of modular materials. New York: Publishing Company.
Sandiarsa, K.D., Tantra, D.K., & Ratminingsih, N.M. (2020). A comparative study of PQRST and SQ3R strategies based on the text types upon the eighth-grade students’ reading competency at SMPN 4 Singaraja. Journal of English Language Teaching, 1(1), 49-64.
Santi, K.L. & Reed, D.K. (2015). Improving reading comprehension of middle and high school students (vol. 10). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Setyaningsih, E. (2019). Bringing critical literacy into tertiary EFL reading class. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 9(2), 297-307.
Singh, S., & Mishra, S. (2016). Positive influence of the multimedia in primary education. The International Journal of Indian Psychology 2016, 3(2), 179-183.
Singh, Y.K. (2006). Fundamental of research methodology and statistics. New Age International.
Siti Dahlia Said. (2017). Perbandingan kaedah pengajaran berasaskan tema dengan kaedah konvensional dalam pembelajaran kefahaman membaca Bahasa Inggeris. Diperolehi daripada eprints.utm.my
Smith, A.L. (2017). SQ3R, Cornell Notes, ApSum: The Impact of Three Content Literacy Strategies on Student Learning and the Perceptions of These Strategies Held by Fifth-Grade Teachers and Students (Doctoral dissertation). Northern Arizona University, USA.
Smith, N.P. (1969). The many faces of reading comprehension. International Reading Association Conference. USA: Kansas City.
Snow, C. (2002). Reading for understanding: Toward an R&D program in reading comprehension. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation.
Sousa, David A. (2017). How the brain learns. (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.
Spear-Swerling, L. (2016). Common types of reading problems and how to help children who have them. The Reading Teacher, 69(5), 513-522.
Stanford, K.L. (2015). Factors that affect the reading comprehension of secondary students with disabilities (Doctoral dissertation). The University of San Francisco, USA.
Su, C.F. (2016). Pengajaran membaca bahasa Cina menggunakan teknik SQ3R. Journal of Liuzhou Vocational & Technical College, 16, 111-114.
Suhaila Shahrul Annuar. (2019, Disember 3). PISA 2018: Membaca bukan lagi hobi pelajar. Berita Harian. Diperolehi daripada https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2019/12/634767/pisa-2018- membaca-bukan-lagi-hobi-pelajar
Sun, Z.Z. (2019). Research on problems and strategies of Chinese reading teaching in primary schools——Taking in elementary school in Harbin as example (Master dissertation). Harbin Normal University, China.
Swaby, B.E.R., (1989). Diagnosis and correction of reading difficulties. Needham Heights: Allyn and Bacon.
Syahida Nadia Zakaria (2016). Kesan pendekatan konstruktivisme dan pendekatan tradisional dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran komponen sastera Bahasa Melayu. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 5(2), 12-21.
Tang, M. (2016). Kajian tinjauan pengajaran kefahaman membaca bahasa untuk tahap tinggi di sekolah rendah daerah Chongqing (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Chongqing, China.
Thode, H.J. (2002). Testing for normality. New York: Marcel Dekker.
Thomas, P. (2016). Exposure to Metacognitive Skills Improves Academic Performance: An Experimental Study of College Students' Academic Performance and Selfefficacy (Doctoral Dissertation). Plymouth State University.
Tuckman, B.W. & Waheed, M.A. (1981). Evaluating an individualized Science programme for community college student. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 18, 489-495.
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. (2013). Adult and youth literacy: National, regional and global trends, 1985–2015. Montreal: UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
Utami, I.G.L.P. (2016). Teori konstruktivisme dan teori sosiokultural: Aplikasi dalam pengajaran Bahasa Inggris. PRASI, 11(1), 4-11.
Villanueva Aguilera, A.B. (2014). Strategy intervention to enhance reading comprehension of 15-year-old students in Mexico (Doctoral dissertation). University of York, England.
Wan Dyarudin Wan Mustappa. (2017). Keberkesanan teknik membaca SQ3R dalam pengajaran kefahaman membaca di sekolah menengah. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 7(1), 1–10.
Wang, Q.Z. (2004). Pengajaran struktur pengajaran dan perkongsian bacaan. Taipei: Psikologi.
Wang, R.S. (2015). Kandungan Kurikulum dan Pengajaran Cina. Education, 554.
Wang, S.N. (2018). Kajian pemahaman teks naratif sekolah rendah (Tesis Master). Universiti Perguruan Shandong, China.
Wang, Y. (2018). Kajian kes pengajaran pembacaan Cina di sekolah rendah berdasar perspektif pemahaman murid (Tesis PhD). Universiti Northeast, China.
Wei, B.Y. (2002). Language education. China University of Mining and Technology Press.
Wijayanti, R. (2018). The effectiveness of using survey, question, read, recite, review SQ3R method to teach students' reading comprehension on narrative texts at tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 13 Semarang in the academic year of 2016/2017 (Doctoral dissertation). UIN Walisongo, Indonesia.
Wood, D. & Lipman C. (2017). Best practices at work. Journal of Adventist Education, 79(4), 38-46.
Wu, C.T., Zhang, W.H., Lin, F.Y., & Liu, Y.C. (2016). The study of build self-question reading comprehension learning system for children to improve reading comprehension ability. Journal of Education Research, 265, 110.
Wu, W.X. (2017). Strategi pengajaran kefahaman membaca. Ability a Wisdom, 122.
Wu, X. (2017). Kajian pengajaran pembacaan tahap tinggi sekolah rendah dari perspektif teori skema kandungan (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Sichuan, China.
Xie, J.C. (2019). Promote the integration of quantitative research on the teaching effectiveness of Chinese reading comprehension: Impact and evaluation of adjustment variables. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 64(4), 175- 206.
Xu, D.M. (2017). Forum Bacaan Kanak-Kanak China ke-13, dipetik sebagai: Forum Bacaan Kanak-Kanak China. https://www.qjmy.cn/qjmy/article/1938/
Yahya Che Lah. (2014). Kefahaman bacaan Bahasa Melayu murid tahap II sekolah rendah (Tesis PhD). Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Yahya Che Lah & Nor Hashimah Hashim. (2014). The acquisition of comprehension skills among high and low achievers of year 4 to 6 students in primary school. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 667-672.
Yahya Othman. (2008). Proses & strategi membaca berkesan. Serdang: Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Yan, X.J. (2017). Kajian mengenai penggunaan strategi kognitif dalam pengajaran membaca Bahasa Cina di sekolah menengah (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Shanxi, China.
Yang, R. (2018). Penyelidikan tinjauan mengenai situasi semasa pengajaran pembacaan Cina di peringkat sekolah rendah kaum Dai di kawasan Ruili (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Yunnan, China.
Yao, J. (2016). Independent reading ability of the middle-grade elementary students (Master Dissertation). Yunnan Normal University, China.
Ye, S.T. (2004). Koleksi Ye Shengtao (Jilid 16). Nanjing: Penerbit Pendidikan Jiangsu.
Yeap, M., & Keat, C. (2018). On Chinese course guideline and compilation of Chinese textbooks in Malaysia.
Ying, C.Q. (2017). Kajian kes bagi pengajaran membaca Bahasa Cina untuk murid tahun tiga dan empat di sekolah rendah (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Normal Nanjing, China.
Yuliyanti, I. (2017). The use of SQ3R and mapping strategies to improve students’ reading comprehension at the tenth-grade students of Man Salatiga in the academic year 2017/2018. English Education, 113(13), 123.
Yusfarina Mohd Yussof, Abdul Rasid Jamian, Zaitul Azma Zainon Hamzah & Samsilah Roslan. (2015). Strategi kognitif dan afektif dalam meningkatkan penguasaan pemahaman bacaan dan literasi emosi murid. Pertanika MAHAWANGSA Jurnal Pertanika Bahasa, Budaya dan Warisan Melayu, 2(1), 29-46.
Zahratun Nufus. (2019). The use of Know-Want-Learned (KWL) strategy in improving EFL students’ ability to comprehend academic reading materials (Master dissertation). Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Zeng, X.Q. (2010). Penyelidikan Teks Linguistik. Beijing: Pengajian Tinggi Press.
Zhang, C.T. (2019). Aplikasi Teori Skema dalam pengajaran membaca Bahasa Cina. Journal of Ability and Wisdom, 23, 180-181.
Zhang, J.C. (2016). Kajian Soalan Ujian Bacaan Bahasa Cina Sekolah Rendah Jinan. (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Perguruan Shandong, China.
Zhang, Q.Y. (2017). A study on the present situation and promotion of Chinese reading ability of Grade Three students (Master dissertation). Chongqing Normal University, China.
|
This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. |