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Type :thesis
Subject :HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform
Main Author :Roshdan Ahmad
Title :The effects of vertical versus horizontal based strength training on muscle activation, kinematics and kinetics output in relation with the method of instructions given
Place of Production :Tanjong Malim
Publisher :Fakulti Sains Sukan dan Kejurulatihan
Year of Publication :2021
Corporate Name :Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of vertical versus horizontal based training on muscle activation, kinematics and kinetics output in relation to instructional delivery methods. A total of 30 recreationally active male participants aged between 19-29 years old were recruited for the purpose of this study. All participants went through 8 weeks of vertical and horizontal training based on two instructional methods (verbal and video). Pre and post tests were conducted. Electromyography (EMG) was used to measure muscle activation, force platform was used to measure kinetics output, and high-speed motion analysis system was used to measure kinematics variables. MANOVA was used to determine significant differences in muscle activation, kinematic output and kinetic output for both groups of instruction, verbal and video methods in pre- and post-test, One way ANCOVA was used to compare the effectiveness of strength training using the vertical ( lunges) and horizontal (squat) to the kinematic output, kinetic output and muscle activation between verbal and video instruction groups, with Pearson Product Moment was used to determine relationship between variables. The results of the study found that there were no significant difference for both groups in the pre-test and post-test, except for biceps femoris muscle activation and ankle kinematics during the lunge and squat. Based on percentage of differences, verbal mode of instruction was better than video mode of instruction. In conclusion, result of this study indicated that mode of instructions given in not much different between each other, as long as the instructions able to ensure accurate mechanical performance For future studies, it is suggested to look further on the focus of each of the instructions from mechanical point on participants from various skill’s level background.

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