UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
The study was conducted to investigate the acute toxicity of aqueous extract from Aquilaria
malaccensis (AMAE) and Aquilaria subintegra (ASAE) leaves and their histological effects
on several organ in ICR mice. Comparison between both extracts was included in order to
determine which toxicity is more potent. A total of 156 ICR mice was used in this study
consisted of 78 male and 78 female with the age of 12 weeks old. The mice were divided
into 13 groups containing 12 mice (6 males and 6 females) in each group. 12 groups orally
received one type of extract either AMAE or ASAE with only one type concentration. The
concentrations used were 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000, 9000 mg/kg body weight. One
group on the other hand act as the control and treated with distilled water. Extract
administration was conducted only once on the first day. Mice body weight and organ weight
were compared and analyzed using one-way ANOVA and evaluation of abnormalities in
term of appearance and behavioral were conducted. After the 14th day, mice undergone
euthanisation approved by UPSI ethics committee (reference number: 2021-0002-03) in
order to conduct histological analysis on their organs which were liver, kidney and stomach.
Evaluation on their cellular structure were also conducted. Results showed significant
differences in both AMAE and ASAE male mice body weight. AMAE also showed higher
significant difference when compared with ASAE using t-test. On top of that, all treated mice
displayed drowsiness and their fur seems to be affected, primarily AMAE and ASAE female
mice face fur which appeared to be balding. Faeces condition in some AMAE treatment
groups also showed abnormalities. In terms of histological evaluation, mice liver, kidney and
stomach tissues were also affected. Some liver’s portal vein and sinusoids in AMAE
treatment were filled with blood. All treated mice glomerulus expanded while some
glomeruli burst in AMAE treatment. All treated mice mucosa length reduced and some
gastric glands in AMAE treatment showed abnormal changes. Therefore, it can be stated that
both Aquilaria malaccensis and Aquilaria subintegra is toxic due to the adverse effects it
caused on mice appearance, behaviour and organ tissues. Furthermore, Aquilaria
malaccensis showed more adverse reactions compared to Aquilaria subintegra indicating
higher toxicity. This implicates that both Aquilaria malaccensis and Aquilaria subintegra
can be toxic and unsafe if being use in a higher concentration. |
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