UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
|
|
|
Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
The objective of this study was to identify the developmental pathway, to identify the
microstructure of training activities and to investigate the effectiveness of small-sided
games (SSG) on technical skills and fitness components after 6 weeks of training
program on elite U-22 soccer players and then compare it to university-based soccer
players. The methodology that had been used were questionnaire (PHQ) in identifying
athletes practice histories, video recording as to analysing the types of practice activities
and testing battery such as Agility T-Test (agility), 30-m Sprint Test (speed), YYIRTL1
(cardiovascular endurance), LSPT (passing) and Slalom Dribble Test (dribbling) as to
investigate the effect of SSG training. The findings indicated that elite u-22 soccer
players had started late, spent less time in unstructured activities and participated less
number in other sports as it found to statistically difference as being compared to
university-based players. Other than that, the practice activities for u-22 players had
contain more training form activities while found to be no significant difference when
compared it between groups. Lastly, there was a significant difference within group at all
variables except for agility and found a significant result on dribbling, speed and VO2max
when compared between group. In conclusion, this finding provide the scientific data
relating to elite performers’ pathway, types of activities used on elite practice activities
and the SSG implementation to improve performance. The findings of this study may
contribute to a better coaching sciences body of knowledge. |
References |
Abdullah, M. R., Musa, R. M., Kosni, N. A., Maliki, A., & Haque, M. (2016). Profiling and distinction of specific skills related performance and fitness level between senior and junior Malaysian youth soccer players. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 8(3), 64–71. Aguiar, M., Botelho, G., Lago, C., MaçAs, V., & Sampaio, J. (2012). A review on the effects of soccer small-sided games. Journal of Human Kinetics, 33(1), 103–113. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10078-012-0049-x Aguiar, M. V. D., Botelho, G. M. A., Gonçalves, B. S. V, & Sampaio, J. E. (2013). Physiological Responses and Activity Profiles of Football Small-Sided Games. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(5). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2013/05000/Physiological_Responses_and_Activity_Profiles_of.15.aspx Ahmad, M. F., Lee, J. L. F., & Nadzalan, A. M. (2020). A Review of Pathways Towards Expert Performance on Elite Youth Athletes. Lecture Notes in Bioengineering, 1, 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3270-2_20 Al-Hazzaa, H. M., Almuzaini, K. S., Al-Refaee, S. A., Sulaiman, M. A., Dafterdar, M. Y., Al-Ghamedi, A., & Al-Khuraiji, K. N. (2001). Aerobic and anaerobic power characteristics of Saudi elite soccer players. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 41(1), 54–61. Alayode, A. M., Babalola, A. J., & Oyesegun, O. O. (2014). DesigningTemplate ForTalent Identification and DevelopmentIn Sport. Higher Education of Social Science, 7(1), 128–132. https://doi.org/10.3968/4252 Ali, A. (2011a). Measuring soccer skill performance: A review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 21(2), 170–183. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01256.x Ali, A. (2011b). Measuring soccer skill performance: a review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 21(2), 170–183. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01256.x Ali, A., Williams, C., Hulse, M., Strudwick, A., Reddin, J., Howarth, L., Eldred, J., Hirst, M., & McGregor, S. (2007). Reliability and validity of two tests of soccer skill. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(13), 1461–1470. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410601150470 Almeida, C. H., Ferreira, A. P., & Volossovitch, A. (2013). Offensive sequences in youth soccer: Effects of experience and small-sided games. Journal of Human Kinetics, 36(1), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0010 Aminu, I. M., & Shariff, M. N. M. (2014). Strategic orientation, access to finance, business environment and SMEs performance in Nigeria: Data screening and preliminary analysis. Amran, A. Z. (2018). 4 Projek Pembangunan Bola Sepak Negara Yang Pernah Ada, Dan Apakah Hasilnya? Soscili.My. https://soscili.my/4-projek-pembangunan-bola-sepak-negara-yang-pernah-ada-dan-apakah-hasilnya/ Aquino, R., Alves, I. S., Padilha, M. B., Casanova, F., Puggina, E. F., & Maia, J. (2017). Multivariate Profiles of Selected versus Non-Selected Elite Youth Brazilian Soccer Players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 60, 113–121. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0094 Araujo, D., & Davids, K. (2011). What exactly is acquired during skill acquisition? Journal of Consciousness Studies, 18(3–4), 7–23. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/52560/ Arena IPT. (2022). Liga Bolasepak IPT. Arena IPT, Seksyen Sukan, Bahagian Perancangan Dan Penyelidikan Dasar, Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi (KPT). https://www.arenaipt.com.my/index.php Arifi, F., Bjelica, D., & Masanovic, B. (2019). Differences in anthropometric characteristics among junior soccer and handball players. Sport Mont, 17(1), 45–49. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.190208 Arslan, E., Orer, G. E., & Clemente, F. M. (2020). Running-based high-intensity interval training vs. small-sided game training programs: Effects on the physical performance, psychophysiological responses and technical skills in young soccer players. Biology of Sport, 37(2), 165–173. https://doi.org/10.5114/BIOLSPORT.2020.94237 Arslan, E., Soylu, Y., Clemente, F. M., Hazir, T., Isler, A. K., & Kilit, B. (2021). Short-term effects of on-field combined core strength and small-sided games training on physical performance in young soccer players. Biology of Sport, 38(4), 609–616. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2021.102865 Azam, Z., Zaki, S., Sariman, H., Norsyam, W., Shahudin, N. N., & Noor, M. (2016). Effects of Periodized Small-Sided Training on Physical Fitness Performance Among Young Male Football Players BT - Proceedings of the 2nd International Colloquium on Sports Science, Exercise, Engineering and Technology 2015 (ICoSSEET 2015) (S. I. Ismail, N. Sulaiman, & R. Adnan (Eds.); pp. 79–88). Springer Singapore. Baker, J., Bagats, S., Büsch, D., Strauss, B., & Schorer, J. (2012). Training Differences and Selection in a Talent Identification System. Talent Development & Excellence, 4(1). Baker, J., Cobley, S., & Fraser-Thomas, J. (2009). What do we know about early sport specialization? Not much! High Ability Studies, 20(1), 77–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/13598130902860507 Baker, J., Cote, J., & Abernethy, B. (2003). Sport-specific practice and the development of expert decision-making in team ball sports. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 15(1), 12–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200305400 Baker, J., Côté, J., & Abernethy, B. (2003). Learning from the experts: Practice activities of expert decision makers in sport. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 74(3), 342–347. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2003.10609101 Baker, J., & Young, B. (2014). 20 Years Later: Deliberate Practice and the Development of Expertise in Sport. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 7(1), 135–157. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2014.896024 Balyi, I., & Hamilton, A. (2004). Long-term athlete development: Trainability in childhood and adolescence. Olympic Coach, 16(1), 4–9. Balyi, I., Way, R., & Higgs, C. (2014). Long-term athlete development. Human Kinetics. Bangsbo, J. (1992). Time and motion characteristics of competitive soccer. Bangsbo, J. (1998). OPTIMAL PREPARATION FOR THE WORLD CUP IN SOCCER. Clinics in Sports Medicine, 17(4), 697–709. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-5919(05)70112-5 Bangsbo, J., Iaia, F. M., & Krustrup, P. (2008). The Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test : A useful tool for evaluation of physical performance in intermittent sports. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 38(1), 37–51. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838010-00004 Bangsbo, J., Mohr, M., & Krustrup, P. (2006). Physical and metabolic demands of training and match-play in the elite football player. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(7), 665–674. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410500482529 Bangsbo, J., Nørregaard, L., & Thorsø, F. (1991). Activity profile of competition soccer. Canadian Journal of Sport Sciences = Journal Canadien Des Sciences Du Sport, 16(2), 110–116. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/1647856 Baquet, G., Gamelin, F.-X., Mucci, P., Thévenet, D., Van Praagh, E., & Berthoin, S. (2010). Continuous vs. Interval Aerobic Training in 8- to 11-Year-Old Children. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(5). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2010/05000/Continuous_vs__Interval_Aerobic_Training_in_8__to.32.aspx Barengo, N. C., Meneses-Echávez, J. F., Ramírez-Vélez, R., Cohen, D. D., Tovar, G., & Enrique Correa Bautista, J. (2014). The impact of the fifa 11+ training program on injury prevention in football players: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(11), 11986–12000. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph111111986 Barnes, C., Archer, D. T., Hogg, B., Bush, M., & Bradley, P. (2014). The evolution of physical and technical performance parameters in the English Premier League. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(13), 1095–1100. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1375695 Barreira, J., Vendite, C. C., Vendite, L., Vendite, C., & Luis Vendite, L. (2016). Analysis of Shots and Passing Sequence of a Soccer Team and Its Opponents during 2014 Brazilian Championship. International Journal of Sports Science, 6(4), 163–167. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.sports.20160604.06 Baumgartner, T., A., & Hensley, L. D. (2006). Conducting & Reading Research in Health & Human Performance (4th Editio). McGraw Hill. Bellistri, G., Marzorati, M., Sforza, C., La Torre, A., Giudici, A., Oddo, A., Muratore, M., & Porcelli, S. (2015). The role of individual thresholds to monitor training load in elite young soccer players. SISMES National Congress: 2-4 October, 11(Suppl. 1), S70–S70. Ben Abdelkrim, N., Chaouachi, A., Chamari, K., Chtara, M., & Castagna, C. (2010). Positional Role and Competitive-Level Differences in Elite-Level Men’s Basketball Players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(5). https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181cf7510 Bennett, K. J. M., Novak, A. R., Pluss, M. A., Stevens, C. J., Coutts, A. J., & Fransen, J. (2018). The use of small-sided games to assess skill proficiency in youth soccer players: a talent identification tool. Science and Medicine in Football, 2(3), 231–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2017.1413246 Benounis, O., Benabderrahman, A., Chamari, K., Ajmol, A., Benbrahim, M., Hammouda, A., Hammami, M.-A., & Zouhal, H. (2013). Association of short-passing ability with athletic performances in youth soccer players. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 4(1), 41–48. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34529 Berry, J., Abernethy, B., & Côté, J. (2008). The contribution of structured activity and deliberate play to the development of expert perceptual and decision-making skill. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 30(6), 685–708. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.30.6.685 Berry, J. T., & Abernethy, A. B. (2003). Expert game-based decision-making in Australian Football. School of Human Movement Studies. Bishop, D. (2009). Game sense or game nonsense? Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 12(4), 426–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2008.03.004 Blakemore, S. J. (2010). The Developing Social Brain: Implications for Education. Neuron, 65(6), 744–747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2010.03.004 Bloom, B. (1985). Developing talent in young people. Ballantine Books. Bloomfield, J., Ackland, T. R., & Elliot, B. C. (1994). Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics in Sport. Blackwell. Bompa, T. O. (1983). Theory and methodology of training: The key to athletic performance (3rd Editio). Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co. Bompa, T. O., & Buzzichelli, C. A. (2018). Periodization: Theory and Methodology of Training (6th Editio). Human Kinetics. Bompa, T. O., & Haff, G. G. (2009). Periodization: Theory and Methodology of Training (5th Editio). Human Kinetics. Boostani, M., Boostani, M., & Rezaei, A. (2011). Talent identification in sport. Journal of Combat Sports and Martial Arts, 2(2), 137–141. https://doi.org/10.5604/20815735.1047147 Bouchard, C., Malina, R. M., & Pérusse, L. (1997). Genetics of fitness and physical performance (1st Editio). Human Kinetics. Bradley, P. S., Di Mascio, M., Peart, D., Olsen, P., & Sheldon, B. (2010). High-Intensity Activity Profiles of Elite Soccer Players at Different Performance Levels. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(9). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2010/09000/High_Intensity_Activity_Profiles_of_Elite_Soccer.12.aspx Bradley, P. S., Sheldon, W., Wooster, B., Olsen, P., Boanas, P., & Krustrup, P. (2009). High-intensity running in English FA Premier League soccer matches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(2), 159–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410802512775 Brandes, M., Heitmann, A., & Müller, L. (2012). Physical responses of different small-sided game formats in elite youth soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(5), 1353–1360. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318231ab99 Brenner, J. S., LaBella, C. R., Brooks, M. A., Diamond, A., Hennrikus, W., Weiss Kelly, A. K., LaBotz, M., Logan, K., Loud, K. J., Moffatt, K. A., Nemeth, B., Pengel, B., Gregory, A. J. M., Halstead, M. E., Kluchurosky, L. K., Benjamin, H., Jayanthi, N. A., Zaslow, T., & Emanuel, A. (2016). Sports specialization and intensive training in young athletes. Pediatrics, 138(3). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-2148 Breuner, C. C. (2012). Avoidance of burnout in the young athlete. Pediatric Annals, 41(8), 335–339. https://doi.org/10.3928/00904481-20120727-14 Broadbent, D. P., Causer, J., Williams, A. M., & Ford, P. R. (2015). Perceptual-cognitive skill training and its transfer to expert performance in the field: Future research directions. European Journal of Sport Science, 15(4), 322–331. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2014.957727 Brown, J. (2001). Sports talent: How to identify and develop outstanding athletes. Human Kinetics. Buchheit, M., Mendez-Villanueva, A., Simpson, B. M., & Bourdon, P. C. (2010). Match running performance and fitness in youth soccer. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(11), 818–825. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1262838 Buckley, P. S., Bishop, M., Kane, P., Ciccotti, M. C., Selverian, S., Exume, D., Emper, W., Freedman, K. B., Hammoud, S., Cohen, S. B., & Ciccotti, M. G. (2017a). Early single-sport specialization a survey of 3090 high school, collegiate, and professional athletes. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 5(7), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967117703944 Bujalance-Moreno, P., Latorre-Román, P. Á., & García-Pinillos, F. (2019). A systematic review on small-sided games in football players: Acute and chronic adaptations. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(8), 921–949. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1535821 Bullock, W., Panchuk, D., Broatch, J., Christian, R., & Stepto, N. K. (2012). An integrative test of agility, speed and skill in soccer: Effects of exercise. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 15(5), 431–436. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.03.002 Burcak, K. (2015). The Effects on Soccer Passing Skills When Warming Up with Two Different Sized Soccer Balls. Educational Research and Reviews, 10(22), 2860–2868. https://doi.org/10.5897/ERR2015.2444 Bush, M., Barnes, C., Archer, D. T., Hogg, B., & Bradley, P. S. (2015). Evolution of match performance parameters for various playing positions in the English Premier League. Human Movement Science, 39, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2014.10.003 Campitelli, G., & Gobet, F. (2011). Deliberate Practice: Necessary But Not Sufficient. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(5), 280–285. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411421922 Capranica, L., Tessitore, A., Guidetti, L., & Figura, F. (2001). Heart rate and match analysis in pre-pubescent soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 19(6), 379–384. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404101300149339 Carling, C., Le Gall, F., & Dupont, G. (2012). Are physical performance and injury risk in a professional soccer team in match-play affected over a prolonged period of fixture congestion? International Journal of Sports Medicine, 33(1), 36–42. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1283190 Casamichana, D., Bradley, P. S., & Castellano, J. (2018). Influence of the Varied Pitch Shape on Soccer Players Physiological Responses and Tim-otion Characteristics during Small-Sided Games. Journal of Human Kinetics, 64(1), 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0192 Casamichana, D., & Castellano, J. (2010). Time–motion, heart rate, perceptual and motor behaviour demands in small-sides soccer games: Effects of pitch size. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28(14), 1615–1623. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2010.521168 Casamichana, D., Suarez-Arrones, L., Castellano, J., & Román-Quintana, J. S. (2014). Effect of number of touches and exercise duration on the kinematic profile and heart rate response during small-sided games in soccer. Journal of Human Kinetics, 41(1), 113–123. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2014-0039 Castellano, J., & Casamichana, D. (2013). Differences in the number of accelerations between small-sided games and friendly matches in soccer. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 12(1), 209–210. Chaouachi, A., Chtara, M., Hammami, R., Chtara, H., Turki, O., & Castagna, C. (2014). Multidirectional Sprints and Small-Sided Games Training Effect on Agility and Change of Direction Abilities in Youth Soccer. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(11). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2014/11000/Multidirectional_Sprints_and_Small_Sided_Games.14.aspx Chapman, S., Derse, E., Hansen, J., & Foundation, L. (2007). LA84 Foundation soccer coaching manual. Los Angeles : LA84 Foundation. Christensen, M. K. (2009). “An eye for talent”: Talent identification and the “practical sense” of top-level soccer coaches. Sociology of Sport Journal, 26(3), 365–382. https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.26.3.365 Christmass, M. A., Dawson, B., Passeretto, P., & Arthur, P. G. (1999). A comparison of skeletal muscle oxygenation and fuel use in sustained continuous and intermittent exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 80(5), 423–435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004210050614 Çinarli, F., KAFKAS, A., & Kafkas, M. (2018). Relationship Between Linear Running and Change of Direction Performances of Male Soccer Players. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.418840 Clemente, F., Couceiro, M. S., Martins, F. M. L., & Mendes, R. (2012). The usefulness of small-sided games on soccer training. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 12(1), 93–102. Clemente, F. M., Figueiredo, A. J., Martins, F. M. L., Mendes, R. S., & Wong, D. P. (2016). Physical and technical performances are not associated with tactical prominence in U14 soccer matches. Research in Sports Medicine, 24(4), 352–362. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2016.1222277 Clemente, F. M., Lourenço Martins, F. M., & Mendes, R. S. (2014). Developing aerobic and anaerobic fitness using small-sided soccer games: Methodological proposals. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 36(3), 76–87. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000063 Collins, D., & MacNamara, A. (2012). The rocky road to the top: Why talent needs trauma. Sports Medicine, 42(11), 907–914. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03262302 Cometti, G., Maffiuletti, N. A., Pousson, M., Chatard, J. C., & Maffulli, N. (2001). Isokinetic strength and anaerobic power of elite, subelite and amateur French soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 22(1), 45–51. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-11331 Cortis, C., Tessitore, A., Lupo, C., Perroni, F., Pesce, C., & Capranica, L. (2013). Changes in Jump, Sprint, and Coordinative Performances After a Senior Soccer Match. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(11). https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182897a46 Costa, I., Garganta, J., Greco, P., Mesquita, I., Silva, B., Muller, E., Castelao, D., Rebelo, A., & Seabra, A. (2010). Analysis of Tactical Behaviours in Small-Sided Soccer Games: Comparative Study Between Goalposts of Society Soccer and Futsal~!2009-07-05~!2009-11-01~!2010-04-09~! The Open Sports Sciences Journal, 3(1), 10–12. https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x01003010010 Côté, J. (1999). The Influence of the Family in the Development of Talent in Sport. 13(4). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.13.4.395 Côté, J., Baker, J., & Abernethy, A. B. (2003). From play to practice: A developmental framework for the acquisition of expertise in team sports. In J. L. Starkes and K. A. Ericsson (Ed.), Expert Performance in Sports: Advances in Research on Sport Expertise (pp. 89–113). Human Kinetics. Côté, J., Baker, J., & Abernethy, B. (2007). Practice and Play in the Development of Sport Expertise. In Handbook of Sport Psychology (pp. 184–202). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118270011.ch8 Côté, J., Erickson, K., & Abernethy, B. (2013). Play and practice during childhood. Conditions of Children’s Talent Development in Sport, 9–20. Côté, J., Ericsson, K. A., & Law, M. P. (2005). Tracing the development of athletes using retrospective interview methods: A proposed interview and validation procedure for reported information. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 17(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200590907531 Côté, J., & Gilbert, W. (2009). An Integrative Definition of Coaching Effectiveness and Expertise. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 4(3), 307–323. https://doi.org/10.1260/174795409789623892 Co^te´, J., & Hay, J. (2002). Children’s involvement in sport: A developmental perspective. In J. M. Silva and D. E. Stevens (Ed.), Psychological Foundations of Sport (pp. 484–502). Allyn & Bacon. Côté, J., & Jennifer, M. M. (2012). The development of skill in sport. In Skill acquisition in sport (pp. 295–312). Routledge. Côté, J., & Vierimaa, M. (2014). The developmental model of sport participation: 15 years after its first conceptualization. Science and Sports, 29, S63–S69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2014.08.133 Coutinho, P., Mesquita, I., Davids, K., Fonseca, A. M., & Côté, J. (2016). How structured and unstructured sport activities aid the development of expertise in volleyball players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 25, 51–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2016.04.004 Coutinho, P., Mesquita, I., Fonseca, A., & De Martin-Silva, L. (2014). Patterns of sport participation in Portuguese volleyball players according to expertise level and gender. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 9(4), 579–592. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.9.4.579 Coutinho, P., Mesquita, I., & Fonseca, A. M. (2016). Talent development in sport: A critical review of pathways to expert performance. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 11(2), 279–293. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954116637499 Coutinho, P., Ramos, A., Fonseca, A. M., Davids, K., & Mesquita, I. (2021). The nature of formative physical activities and sports in the development of senior volleyball players. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 16(3), 731–740. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954121992040 Cushion, C. (2013). Coaching and Coach Education. In Science and Soccer: Developing Elite Performers (3rd Editio, pp. 199–217). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203131862-19 Cushion, C., Harvey, S., Muir, B., & Nelson, L. (2012). Developing the Coach Analysis and Intervention System (CAIS): Establishing validity and reliability of a computerised systematic observation instrument. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(2), 201–216. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.635310 Cushion, C. J., & Jones, R. L. (2001). A systematic observation of professional top-level youth soccer coaches. Journal of Sport Behavior, 24(4). Da Silva, C. D., Impellizzeri, F. M., Natali, A. J., De Lima, J. R. P., Bara-Filho, M. G., Silami-Garcxia, E., & Marins, J. C. B. (2011). Exercise intensity and technical demands of small-sided games in young Brazilian soccer players: Effect of number of players, maturation, and reliability. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(10), 2746–2751. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31820da061 Dai, D. Y., & Speerschneider, and K. (2012). Cope and grow: A model of affective curriculum for talent development. Talent Deveopment and Excellence, 4(2), 181–199. Danish, S. J., Forneris, T., & Wallace, I. (2005). Sport-Based Life Skills Programming in the Schools. Journal of Applied School Psychology, 21(2), 41–62. https://doi.org/10.1300/J370v21n02_04 Darst, P. W., Zakrajsek, D. B., & Mancini, V. H. (1989). Analyzing physical education and sport instruction (2nd Editio). Champaign, Ill. : Human Kinetics Books. Davies, M. J., Young, W., Farrow, D., & Bahnert, A. (2013). Comparison of agility demands of small-sided games in elite Australian football. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 8(2), 139–147. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.2.139 Deakin, J. M., & Cobley, S. (2003). An examination of the practice environments in figure skating and volleyball: A search for deliberate practice. Expert Performance in Sports, 115–135. Dellal, A., Chamari, K., Pintus, A., Girard, O., Cotte, T., & Keller, D. (2008). Heart rate responses during small-sided games and short intermittent running training in elite soccer players: A comparative study. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(5), 1449–1457. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31817398c6 Dellal, A., Hill-Haas, S., Lago-Penas, C., & Chamari, K. (2011). Small-sided games in soccer: Amateur vs. professional players’ physiological responses, physical, and technical activities. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(9), 2371–2381. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181fb4296 Dellal, A., Jannault, R., Lopez-Segovia, M., & Pialoux, V. (2011). Influence of the numbers of players in the heart rate responses of youth soccer players within 2 vs. 2, 3 vs. 3 and 4 vs. 4 small-sided games. Journal of Human Kinetics, 28(1), 107–114. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10078-011-0027-8 Dellal, A., Keller, D., Carling, C., Chaouachi, A., Wong, D. P., & Chamari, K. (2010). Physiologic Effects of Directional Changes in Intermittent Exercise in Soccer Players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(12). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2010/12000/Physiologic_Effects_of_Directional_Changes_in.4.aspx Dellal, A., Logo-Penas, C., Wong, D. P., & Chamari, K. (2011). Effect of the number of ball contacts within bouts of 4 vs. 4 small-sided soccer games. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 6(3), 322–333. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.6.3.322 Dellal, A., Owen, A., Wong, D. P., Krustrup, P., van Exsel, M., & Mallo, J. (2012a). Technical and physical demands of small vs. large sided games in relation to playing position in elite soccer. Human Movement Science, 31(4), 957–969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2011.08.013 Dellal, A., Owen, A., Wong, D. P., Krustrup, P., van Exsel, M., & Mallo, J. (2012b). Technical and physical demands of small vs. large sided games in relation to playing position in elite soccer. Human Movement Science, 31(4), 957–969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2011.08.013 Dellal, D. P., Chamari, A., & Wong, C. (2011). Comparison of physical and technical performance in European professional soccer match-play: the FA Premier League and La Liga. Eur J Sport Sci, 11, 51–59. Denham, S. A., Wyatt, T. M., Bassett, H. H., Echeverria, D., & Knox, S. S. (2009). Assessing social-emotional development in children from a longitudinal perspective. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 63(SUPPL. 1). https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2007.070797 Deprez, D. (2015). Anthropometrical, physical fitness and maturational characteristics in youth soccer : Methodological issues and a longitudinal approach to talent identification and development. Ghent University. Deprez, D., Fransen, J., Lenoir, M., Philippaerts, R. M., & Vaeyens, R. (2015). The Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 is reliable in young high-level soccer players. Biology of Sport, 32(1), 65–70. https://doi.org/10.5604/20831862.1127284 Di Salvo, V., Gregson, W., Atkinson, G., Tordoff, P., & Drust, B. (2009). Analysis of high intensity activity in Premier League soccer. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(03), 205–212. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1105950 Dodd, K. D., & Newans, T. J. (2018). Talent identification for soccer: Physiological aspects. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 21(10), 1073–1078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.01.009 Drake, D., & Breslin, G. (2018). Developmental activities and the acquisition of perceptual-cognitive expertise in international field hockey players. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 13(5), 636–642. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954117711093 Duffy, L. J., Baluch, B., & Ericsson, K. A. (2004). Dart performance as a function of facets of practice amongst professional and amateur men and women players. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 35(3), 232–245. Emmonds, S., Sawczuk, T., Scantlebury, S., Till, K., & Jones, B. (2020). Seasonal Changes in the Physical Performance of Elite Youth Female Soccer Players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 34(9). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2020/09000/Seasonal_Changes_in_the_Physical_Performance_of.28.aspx Eniseler, N., Sahan, Ç., Özcan, I., & Dinler, K. (2017). High-Intensity Small-Sided Games versus Repeated Sprint Training in Junior Soccer Players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 60(1), 101–111. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0104 Ericsson, K. (2003). The development of elite performance and deliberate practice: An update from the perspective of the expert-performance approach. Expert Performance in Sport: Recent Advances in Research on Sport Expertise, 49–81. Ericsson, K. A. (2007). Deliberate practice and the modifiability of body and mind: Toward a science of the structure and acquisition of expert and elite performance. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 38(1), 4–34. Ericsson, K. A. (2008). Deliberate practice and acquisition of expert performance: a general overview. Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 15(11), 988–994. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2008.00227.x Ericsson, K. A., & Charness, N. (1994). Expert Performance Its Structure and Acquisition Traditional View of the Role of Talent in Exceptional Performance. American Psychologist, 49(8), 725–747. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.49.8.725 Ericsson, K. A., Krampe, R. T., & Tesch-Römer, C. (1993). The Role of Deliberate Practice in the Acquisition of Expert Performance. Psychological Review, 100(3), 363–406. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.100.3.363 Ericsson, K. A., Nandagopal, K., & Roring, R. W. (2005). Giftedness viewed from the expert-performance perspective. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 28(3–4), 287–311. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4219/jeg-2005-335 FAM. (2018). FAM roadmap: 2019-2030. Football Association of Malaysia. https://www.fam.org.my/sites/default/files/FAM Roadmap HandBook %28Bahasa%29_LR_0.pdf Faude, O., Koch, T., & Meyer, T. (2012). Straight sprinting is the most frequent action in goal situations in professional football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(7), 625–631. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.665940 Federation International Football Association. (2018). FIFA. Federation International Football Association. (2020). FIFA. https://www.fifa.com/ Feltovich, P. J., Prietula, M. J., & Ericsson, K. A. (2006). Studies of Expertise from Psychological Perspectives. In The Cambridge handbook of expertise and expert performance. (pp. 41–67). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511816796.004 Fenner, J. S. J., Iga, J., & Unnithan, V. (2016). The evaluation of small-sided games as a talent identification tool in highly trained prepubertal soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(20), 1983–1990. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1149602 Ferguson, B., & Stern, P. J. (2014). A case of early sports specialization. J Can Chiropratic Association, 3194(C), 377–383. Figueiredo, A. J., Coelho E Silva, M. J., Cumming, S. P., & Malina, R. M. (2010). Size and maturity mismatch in youth soccer players 11- to 14-years-old. Pediatric Exercise Science, 22(4), 596–612. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.22.4.596 Football Association Malaysia. (2018). FAM. https://www.fam.org.my/ Football Association Malaysia. (2020). FAM. https://www.fam.org.my/ Ford, P. R., Broadbent, D. P., Alder, D., & Causer, J. (2016). Developmental and professional activities of elite badminton players. Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool. Ford, P. R., Carling, C., Garces, M., Marques, M., Miguel, C., Farrant, A., Stenling, A., Moreno, J., Le Gall, F., & Holmström, S. (2012). The developmental activities of elite soccer players aged under-16 years from Brazil, England, France, Ghana, Mexico, Portugal and Sweden. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(15), 1653–1663. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.701762 Ford, P. R., Coughlan, E. K., Hodges, N. J., & Williams, A. M. (2015). Routledge Handbook of Sport Expertise: Deliberate Practice in Sport (1st Editio). Routledge. Ford, P. R., Le Gall, F., Carling, C., & Williams, A. M. (2008). A cross-cultural comparison of the participation histories of English and French elite youth soccer players. In Science and football VI (pp. 164–168). Routledge. Ford, P. R., Low, J., McRobert, A. P., & Williams, A. M. (2010). Developmental activities that contribute to high or low performance by elite cricket batters when recognizing type of delivery from bowlers’ advanced postural cues. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 32(5), 638–654. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.32.5.638 Ford, P. R., & Mark Williams, A. (2008). The effect of participation in gaelic football on the development of irish professional soccer players. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 30(6), 709–722. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.30.6.709 Ford, P. R., Ward, P., Hodges, N. J., & Williams, A. M. (2009). The role of deliberate practice and play in career progression in sport: the early engagement hypothesis. High Ability Studies, 20(1), 65–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/13598130902860721 Ford, P. R., & Williams, A. M. (2012). The developmental activities engaged in by elite youth soccer players who progressed to professional status compared to those who did not. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(3), 349–352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.09.004 Ford, P. R., & Williams, A. M. (2013). The acquisition of skill and expertise: The role of practice and other activities. In Science and soccer (pp. 134–150). Routledge. Ford, P. R., Yates, I., & Williams, A. M. (2010). An analysis of practice activities and instructional behaviours used by youth soccer coaches during practice: Exploring the link between science and application. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28(5), 483–495. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410903582750 Foster, C., Florhaug, J. A., Franklin, J., Gottschall, L., Hrovatin, L. A., Parker, S., Doleshal, P., & Dodge, C. (2001). A new approach to monitoring exercise training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 15(1), 109–115. Fuhre, J., & Sæther, S. A. (2020). Skill acquisition in a professional and non-professional u16 football team: The use of playing form versus training form. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(3), 2030–2035. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.s3274 Gabbett, T. . J. (2006). Skill-based conditioning games as an alternative to traditional conditioning for rugby league players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 20(2). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2006/05000/SKILL_BASED_CONDITIONING_GAMES_AS_AN_ALTERNATIVE.13.aspx Gabbett, T. J., & Mulvey, M. J. (2008). Time-Motion Analysis of Small-Sided Training Games and Competition in Elite Women Soccer Players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(2). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2008/03000/Time_Motion_Analysis_of_Small_Sided_Training_Games.30.aspx Gabbett, T., Jenkins, D., & Abernethy, B. (2009). Game-Based Training for Improving Skill and Physical Fitness in Team Sport Athletes. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 4(2), 273–283. https://doi.org/10.1260/174795409788549553 Gagné, F. (2011). Academic Talent Development and the Equity Issue in Gifted Education. In A. Ziegler & J. Shi (Eds.), Talent Deveopment and Excellence (Vol. 2, Issue October, pp. 3–22). Gallant, F., O’Loughlin, J. L., Brunet, J., Sabiston, C. M., & Belanger, M. (2017). Childhood sports participation and adolescent sport profile. Pediatrics, 140(6). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-1449 Gambetta, V. (1996). In a blur: How to develop sport-specific speed. Sports Coach, 19, 22–24. Gamble, P. (2004). A Skill-Based Conditioning Games Approach to Metabolic Conditioning for Elite Rugby Football Players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 18(3). https://doi.org/10.1519/1533-4287(2004)18<491:ascgat>2.0.co;2 Gardasevic, J., Bjelica, D., & Vasiljevic, I. (2019). Morphological characteristics and body composition of elite soccer players in Montenegro. International Journal of Morphology, 37(1), 284–288. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-95022019000100284 Gaudino, P., Alberti, G., & Iaia, F. M. (2014). Estimated metabolic and mechanical demands during different small-sided games in elite soccer players. Human Movement Science, 36, 123–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2014.05.006 Ghasemi, A., & Zahediasl, S. (2012). Normality tests for statistical analysis: a guide for non-statisticians. International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10(2), 486–489. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem.3505 Giulianotti, R., & Robertson, R. (2004). The globalization of football: A study in the glocalization of the “serious life.” British Journal of Sociology, 55(4), 545–568. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2004.00037.x Gonaus, C., & Müller, E. (2012). Using physiological data to predict future career progression in 14- to 17-year-old Austrian soccer academy players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(15), 1673–1682. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.713980 Gouvêa, M. A. de, Cyrino, E. S., Valente-Dos-Santos, J., Ribeiro, A. S., Silva, D. R. P. da, Ohara, D., Coelho-E-Silva, M. J., & Ronque, E. R. V. (2017). Comparison of Skillful vs. Less Skilled Young Soccer Players on Anthropometric, Maturation, Physical Fitness and Time of Practice. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(5), 384–395. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-122815 Greco, P., Memmert, D., & Morales, J. C. P. (2010). The Effect of Deliberate Play on Tactical Performance in Basketball. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 110(3), 849–856. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.110.3.849-856 Gréhaigne, J.-F., Godbout, P., & Bouthier, D. (2001). The Teaching and Learning of Decision Making in Team Sports. Quest, 53(1), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2001.10491730 Gulbin, J. P., Croser, M. J., Morley, E. J., & Weissensteiner, J. R. (2013). An integrated framework for the optimisation of sport and athlete development: A practitioner approach. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31(12), 1319–1331. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2013.781661 Güllich, A., & Emrich, E. (2014). Considering long-term sustainability in the development of world class success. European Journal of Sport Science, 14(sup1), S383–S397. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2012.706320 Hall, E. T., Gray, S., & Sproule, J. (2016). The microstructure of coaching practice: Behaviours and activities of an elite rugby union head coach during preparation and competition. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(10), 896–905. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1076571 Halouani, J., Chtourou, H., Dellal, A., Chaouachi, A., & Chamari, K. (2017). Soccer small-sided games in young players: Rule modification to induce higher physiological responses. Biology of Sport, 34(2), 163–168. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2017.64590 Halouani, J., Chtourou, H., Gabbett, T., Chaouachi, A., & Chamari, K. (2014). Small-sided games in team sports training: A brief review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(12), 3594–3618. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000564 Halouani, J., Ghattasi, K., Bouzid, M. A., Rosemann, T., Nikolaidis, P. T., Chtourou, H., & Knechtle, B. (2019). Physical and physiological responses during the stop-ball rule during small-sided games in soccer players. Sports, 7(5), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7050117 Hammami, A., Gabbett, T. J., Slimani, M., & Bouhlel, E. (2018). Does small-sided games training improve physical ftness and team-sport-specifc skills? a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(10), 1446–1455. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07420-5 Hanapiah, K. S., Hashim, A., & Karim, Z. A. (2019). Concept Paper: A Multidimensional Assessment Approach of Talent Identification in Male Youth Malaysia Football Players. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(11), 33–49. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v9-i11/6516 Harvey, S., Cushion, C. J., & Massa-Gonzalez, A. N. (2010). Learning a new method: Teaching Games for Understanding in the coaches’ eyes. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 15(4), 361–382. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/17408980903535818 Haugaasen, M., & Jordet, G. (2012). Developing football expertise: a football-specific research review. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 5(2), 177–201. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2012.677951 Haugen, T. A., Tønnessen, E., Hisdal, J., & Seiler, S. (2014). The role and development of sprinting speed in soccer. In International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance (Vol. 9, Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSPP.2013-0121 Hayman, R., Borkoles, E., Taylor, J., Hemmings, B., & Polman, R. (2014). From pre-elite to elite: The pathway travelled by adolescent golfers. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 9(4), 959–974. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.9.4.959 Helgerud, J., Engen, L. C., Wisløff, U., & Hoff, J. (2001). Aerobic endurance training improves soccer performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33(11), 1925–1931. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200111000-00019 Helsen, W. F., Hodges, N. J., Kel, J., & Starkes, J. L. (2000). The roles of talent, physical precocity and practice in the development of soccer expertise. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(9), 727–736. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410050120104 Helsen, W. F., Starkes, J. L., & Hodges, N. J. (1998a). Team Sports & Deliberate Practice. In Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology (Vol. 20, pp. 20–34). Helsen, W. F., Starkes, J. L., & Hodges, N. J. (1998b). Team sports and the theory of deliberate practice. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 20(1), 12–34. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.20.1.12 Hendry, D. T., & Hodges, N. J. (2018). Early majority engagement pathway best defines transitions from youth to adult elite men’s soccer in the UK: A three time-point retrospective and prospective study. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 36(May 2017), 81–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.01.009 Hendry, D. T., & Hodges, N. J. (2019). Pathways to expert performance in soccer. Journal of Expertise, 2(1), 1–13. Hill-Haas, S., Dawson, B., Impellizzeri, F., & Coutts, A. (2011a). Physiology of Small-Sided Games Training. Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(3), 199–220. Hill-Haas, S. V., Coutts, A. J., Dawson, B. T., & Rowsell, G. J. (2010). Time-motion characteristics and physiological responses of small-sided games in elite youth players: The influence of player number and rule changes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(8), 2149–2156. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181af5265 Hill-Haas, S. V., Dawson, B., Impellizzeri, F. M., & Coutts, A. J. (2011b). Physiology of small-sided games training in football: A systematic review. Sports Medicine, 41(3), 199–220. https://doi.org/10.2165/11539740-000000000-00000 Hill-Haas, S. V., Dawson, B., Impellizzeri, F. M., & Coutts, A. J. (2011c). Physiology of small-sided games training in football: A systematic review. Sports Medicine, 41(3), 199–220. https://doi.org/10.2165/11539740-000000000-00000 Hill, R. (1998). What sample size is “enough” in internet survey research? Interpersonal Computing and Technology: An Electronic Journal for the 21st Century, 6(3), 3–4. Hodges, N. J., & Starkes, J. L. (1995). Wrestling with the Nature of Expertise: A Sport Specific Test of Ericsson, Krampe and Tesch-Romer’s (1993) Theory of “Deliberate Practice.” McMaster University. Hodges, N. J., Starkes, J. L., Nananidou, A., Kerr, T., & Weir, P. L. (2004). Predicting performance times from deliberate practice hours for triathletes and swimmers: What, when, and where is practice important? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 10(4), 219–237. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-898X.10.4.219 Hodges, N. J., & Williams, A. M. (2012). Skill Acquisition in Sport: Research, Theory and Practice (1st Editio). Routledge. Hoff, J., Wisløff, U., Engen, L. C., Kemi, O. J., & Helgerud, J. (2002). Soccer specific aerobic endurance training. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(3), 218–221. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.36.3.218 Hoffmann, J. J., Reed, J. P., Leiting, K., Chiang, C.-Y., & Stone, M. H. (2014). Repeated Sprints, High-Intensity Interval Training, Small-Sided Games: Theory and Application to Field Sports. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 9(2), 352–357. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0189 Höner, O., Votteler, A., Schmid, M., Schultz, F., & Roth, K. (2015). Psychometric properties of the motor diagnostics in the German football talent identification and development programme. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(2), 145–159. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2014.928416 Hoppe, M. W., Barnics, V., Freiwald, J., & Baumgart, C. (2020). Contrary to endurance, power associated capacities differ between different aged and starting-nonstarting elite junior soccer players. PloS One, 15(4), e0232118. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232118 Horn, T. S. (2008). Coaching effectiveness in the sport domain. In Advances in sport psychology, 3rd ed. (pp. 239-267,455-459). Human Kinetics. Hughes, M., & Franks, I. (2005). Analysis of passing sequences, shots and goals in soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(5), 509–514. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410410001716779 Huijgen, B. C. H., Elferink-Gemser, M. T., Lemmink, K. A. P. M., & Visscher, C. (2013). Chapter 5 - Multidimensional performance characteristics in selected and de-selected talented soccer players. In Technical skills the key to success? A study on talent development and selection of youth soccer players (pp. 69–84). Huijgen, B. C. H., Elferink-Gemser, M. T., Post, W. J., & Visscher, C. (2009). Soccer skill development in professionals. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(8), 585–591. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1202354 Huijgen, B. C. H., Elferink-Gemser, M. T., Post, W., & Visscher, C. (2010). Development of dribbling in talented youth soccer players aged 12-19 years: A longitudinal study. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28(7), 689–698. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640411003645679 Humberto Almeida, C., Paulo Ferreira, A., & Volossovitch, A. (2012). Manipulating task constraints in small-sided soccer games: Performance analysis and practical implications. The Open Sports Sciences Journal, 5(1). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875399X01205010174 Hunter, J. P., Marshall, R. N., & McNair, P. J. (2004). Interaction of step length and step rate during sprint running. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 36(2), 261–271. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000113664.15777.53 Huxley, D. J., O’Connor, D., & Larkin, P. (2017). The pathway to the top: Key factors and influences in the development of Australian Olympic and World Championship Track and Field athletes. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 12(2), 264–275. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954117694738 Ibrahim, H. (2009). Assessing general motor ability & tests for talent identification of Malaysian adolescents. The University of Western Australia. Impellizzeri, F. M., Marcora, S. M., Castagna, C., Reilly, T., Sassi, A., Iaia, F. M., & Rampinini, E. (2006). Physiological and performance effects of generic versus specific aerobic training in soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 27(6), 483–492. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-865839 Ivarsson, A., Johnson, U., & Podlog, L. (2013). Psychological predictors of injury occurrence: a prospective investigation of professional Swedish soccer players. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 22(1), 19–26. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsr.22.1.19 Jayanthi, N. A., Labella, C. R., Fischer, D., Pasulka, J., & Dugas, L. R. (2015). Sports-specialized intensive training and the risk of injury in young athletes: A clinical case-control study. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(4), 794–801. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546514567298 Jayanthi, N., Pinkham, C., Dugas, L., Patrick, B., & LaBella, C. (2013). Sports Specialization in Young Athletes: Evidence-Based Recommendations. Sports Health, 5(3), 251–257. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738112464626 Jeffreys, I., Huggins, S., & Davies, N. (2018). Delivering a Gamespeed-Focused Speed and Agility Development Program in an English Premier League Soccer Academy. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 40(3). https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000325 Jeong, T.-S., Reilly, T., Morton, J., Bae, S.-W., & Drust, B. (2011). Quantification of the physiological loading of one week of “pre-season” and one week of “in-season” training in professional soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(11), 1161–1166. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.583671 Jones, S., & Drust, B. (2007). Physiological and technical demands of 4 v 4 and 8 v 8 games in elite youth soccer players. Kinesiology, 39(2), 150–156. Joo, C. H., Hwang-Bo, K., & Jee, H. (2016). Technical and Physical Activities of Small-Sided Games in Young Korean Soccer Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(8), 2164–2173. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001319 Karahan, M. (2020). Effect of skill-based training vs. small-sided games on physical performance improvement in young soccer players. Biology of Sport, 37(3), 305–312. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2020.96319 Karim, Z. A., Razak, A. N. A., & Nadzalan, A. M. (2018). Designing Model of Career Path Development for National Football Development Program (NFDP): Directions, Issues, Challenges and Sources of Knowledge that Influence and Develop Coaching Expertise Level. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(3), 542–550. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v8-i3/3948 Karim, Z. B. A., & Razak, N. (2018). Lesson Learned from Coaches of Malaysia National Football Development Programme (NFDP): Preferred Career Development Pathway and Accredited Coaching Course. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(6), 1069–1082. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v8-i6/4302 Katis, A., & Kellis, E. (2009). Effects of small-sided games on physical conditioning and performance in young soccer players. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 8(3), 374–380. Kavcic, I., Milic, R., Jourkesh, M., Ostojic, S. M., & Ozkol, M. Z. (2012). Comparative study of measured and predicted VO2max during a multi-stage fitness test with junior soccer players. Kinesiology, 44(1.), 18–23. Kelly, D. M., & Drust, B. (2009). The effect of pitch dimensions on heart rate responses and technical demands of small-sided soccer games in elite players. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 12(4), 475–479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2008.01.010 Khamis, M. A., Harun, M. T., & Salamuddin, N. (2017). Kesan Small Sided Game ( SSG ) Terhadap Kemampuan Fizikal Pemain- Pemain Hoki Effect Of Small Sided Game ( SSG ) On Physical Abilities Among Hockey Players. 4, 264–275. Koh, K. T., Mallett, C. J., & Wang, C. K. J. (2011). Developmental pathways of Singapore’s high-performance basketball coaches. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 9(4), 338–353. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2011.623466 Köklü, Y. (2012). A comparison of physiological responses to various intermittent and continuous small-sided games in young soccer players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 31(1), 89–96. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10078-012-0009-5 Köklü, Y., Asçi, A., Koçak, F. Ü., Alemdaroglu, U., & Dündar, U. (2011). Comparison of the Physiological Responses to Different Small-Sided Games in Elite Young Soccer Players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(6). https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e06ee1 Köklü, Y., Ersöz, G., Alemdaroglu, U., Asç, A., & Özkan, A. (2012). Physiological Responses and Time-Motion Characteristics of 4-A-Side Small-Sided Game in Young Soccer Players: The Influence of Different Team Formation Methods. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(11). https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318244341d Köklü, Y., Sert, Ö., Alemdaroglu, U., & Arslan, Y. (2015). Comparison of the Physiological Responses and Time-Motion Characteristics of Young Soccer Players in Small-Sided Games: The Effect of Goalkeeper. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(4). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2015/04000/Comparison_of_the_Physiological_Responses_and.15.aspx Kraemer, W. J., Duncan, N. D., & Volek, J. S. (1998). Resistance training and elite athletes: adaptations and program considerations. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 28(2), 110–119. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.1998.28.2.110 Krustrup, P., Mohr, M., Amstrup, T., Rysgaard, T., Johansen, J., Steensberg, A., Pedersen, P. K., & Bangsbo, J. (2003). The Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test: Physiological response, reliability, and validity. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 35(4), 697–705. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000058441.94520.32 Kubayi, A., Coopoo, Y., & Morris-eyton, H. (2015). Job-related barriers encountered by football coaches in Gauteng Province of South Africa Job-related barriers encountered by football coaches in Gauteng Province of South Africa with their players determines the outcome of participation ( Mallett , 2013 ). January 2016. Lago-Peñas, C., Casais, L., Dellal, A., Rey, E., & Domínguez, E. (2011). Anthropometric and Physiological Characteristics of Young Soccer Players According to Their Playing Positions: Relevance for Competition Success. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(12). https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318216305d Lago-Peñas, C., Rey, E., Lago-Ballesteros, J., Casáis, L., & Domínguez, E. (2011). The Influence of a Congested Calendar on Physical Performance in Elite Soccer. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(8). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2011/08000/The_Influence_of_a_Congested_Calendar_on_Physical.7.aspx Lapinski, L. (2019). Book Review: Skills for social progress: The power of social and emotional skills. Journal of Technology Education, 31(1), 66–68. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.21061/jte.v31i1.a.5 LaPrath, D. (2008). Coaching Girls’ Soccer Successfully (Coaching Successfully) (1st Editio). Human Kinetics. Larkin, P., & O’Connor, D. (2017). Talent identification and recruitment in youth soccer: Recruiter’s perceptions of the key attributes for player recruitment. PLoS ONE, 12(4), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175716 Latorre-Román, P. Á., Garcia Pinillos, F., & López Robles, J. (2018). Early sport dropout: High performance in early years in young athletes is not related with later success. Retos, 2041(33), 210–212. Law, M. P., Côté, J., & Ericsson, K. A. (2007). Characteristics of expert development in rhythmic gymnastics: A retrospective study. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 5(1), 82–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197x.2008.9671814 Le Moal, E., Rué, O., Ajmol, A., Abderrahman, A. B., Hammami, M. A., Ounis, O. B., Kebsi, W., & Zouhal, H. (2014). Validation of the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test in young soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(5), 1418–1426. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000296 Lea, G. (2018, October 31). Revealed! The 15 most Productive Academies In European Football. FourFourTwo, 1–16. https://www.fourfourtwo.com/gallery/revealed-15-most-productive-academies-european-football Leong, E. Y. L., Low, J. F. L., & Nadzalan, A. M. D. (2020). The developmental pathways of malaysian tennis players. European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, 7(2), 5840–5849. https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2010483157&from=export Leyhr, D., Kelava, A., Raabe, J., & Höner, O. (2018). Longitudinal motor performance development in early adolescence and its relationship to adult success: An 8-year prospective study of highly talented soccer players. PLoS ONE, 13(5), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196324 Lidor, R., Côté, J., & Hackfort, D. (2009). ISSP position stand: To test or not to test? The use of physical skill tests in talent detection and in early phases of sport development. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 7(2), 131–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2009.9671896 Linver, M. R., Roth, J. L., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2009). Patterns of adolescents’ participation in organized activities: are sports best when combined with other activities? Developmental Psychology, 45(2), 354–367. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014133 Little, T. (2009). Optimizing the use of soccer drills for physiological development. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 31(3), 67–74. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0b013e3181a5910d Little, T., & Williams, A. G. (2005). Specificity of acceleration, maximum speed, and agility in professional soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(1), 76–78. https://doi.org/10.1519/14253.1 Little, T., & Williams, A. G. (2007). Measures of Exercise Intensity During Soccer Training Drills With Professional Soccer Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(2), 367–371. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200705000-00013 Liu, H., Gomez, M.-Á., Lago-Peñas, C., & Sampaio, J. (2015). Match statistics related to winning in the group stage of 2014 Brazil FIFA World Cup. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(12), 1205–1213. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1022578 Lizana, C. J. R., Reverdito, R. S., Brenzikofer, R., Macedo, D. V., Misuta, M. S., & Scaglia, A. J. (2015). Technical and tactical soccer players’ performance in conceptual small-sided games. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física, 21, 312–320. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1980-65742015000300013 Lloyd, R. S., & Oliver, J. L. (2012). The Youth Physical Development Model: A New Approach to Long-Term Athletic Development. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 34(3). https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0b013e31825760ea Lloyd, R. S., Oliver, J. L., Radnor, J. M., Rhodes, B. C., Faigenbaum, A. D., & Myer, G. D. (2015). Relationships between functional movement screen scores, maturation and physical performance in young soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(1), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2014.918642 López-Fernández, J., Gallardo, L., Fernández-Luna, Á., Villacañas, V., García-Unanue, J., & Sánchez-Sánchez, J. (2019). Pitch Size and Game Surface in Different Small-Sided Games. Global Indicators, Activity Profile, and Acceleration of Female Soccer Players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 33(3). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2019/03000/Pitch_Size_and_Game_Surface_in_Different.27.aspx Loprinzi, P. D., Cardinal, B. J., Loprinzi, K. L., & Lee, H. (2012). Benefits and environmental determinants of physical activity in children and adolescents. Obesity Facts, 5(4), 597–610. https://doi.org/10.1159/000342684 Low, J. F. L., Mohamad, N. I., Ong, K. B., Aziz, S. A., Abdullah, M. R., & Maliki, A. B. H. M. (2017). The developmental pathways of Malaysian elite youth badminton players. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 9(2S), 842–857. https://doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v9i2s.60 Low, J., Williams, A. M., McRobert, A. P., & Ford, P. R. (2013). The microstructure of practice activities engaged in by elite and recreational youth cricket players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31(11), 1242–1250. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2013.778419 MacLaren, D., Davids, K., Isokawa, M., Mellor, S., & Reilly, T. (1988). Physiological strain in 4-a-side soccer. Reilly, T.; Lees, A.; Davids, K. Mahadi, A., & Singh, R. (2007). Talent Identification in Malaysia. https://www.scribd.com/document/128829086/Talent-Identification-in-Malaysia Majlis Sukan Negara. (1998). Talent identification and fitness testing handbook. Majlis Sukan Negara Malaysia. https://books.google.com.my/books/about/Talent_Identification_and_Fitness_Testin.html?id=3nn5ngEACAAJ&redir_esc=y Majlis Sukan Universiti Malaysia. (2022). MASUM. http://www.masum.org.my/ Malina, R. M., Cumming, S. P., Kontos, A. P., Eisenmann, J. C., Ribeiro, B., & Aroso, J. (2005). Maturity-associated variation in sport-specific skills of youth soccer players aged 13 – 15 years. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(5), 515–522. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410410001729928 Malina, R. M., Eisenmann, J. C., Cumming, S. P., Ribeiro, B., & Aroso, J. (2004). Maturity-associated variation in the growth and functional capacities of youth football (soccer) players 13–15 years. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 91(5), 555–562. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-003-0995-z Mallo, J., & Navarro, E. (2008). Physical load imposed on soccer players during small-sided training games. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 48(2), 166–171. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/18427410 Manolachi, V. G., Potop, V., & Manolachi, V. V. (2021). Optimal combination of training influences on the preparation of elite judokas in the annual cycle. ........ ...... ........, 21(1), 132–144. Manolopoulos, E., Kalapotharakos, V. I., Ziogas, G., Mitrotasios, M., Spaneas, K. S., & Tokmakidis, S. P. (2012). Heart rate responses during small-sided soccer games. J Sports Med Doping Stud, 2(2), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0673.1000108 Manzi, V., D’ottavio, S., Impellizzeri, F. M., Chaouachi, A., Chamari, K., & Castagna, C. (2010). Profile of weekly training load in elite male professional basketball players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(5), 1399–1406. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181d7552a Manzi, V., Impellizzeri, F., & Castagna, C. (2014). Aerobic Fitness Ecological Validity in Elite Soccer Players: A Metabolic Power Approach. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(4). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2014/04000/Aerobic_Fitness_Ecological_Validity_in_Elite.6.aspx McDermott, G., Burnett, A. F., & Robertson, S. J. (2015). Reliability and Validity of the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test in Adolescent Males: Implications for Talent Identification. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 10(2–3), 515–527. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.10.2-3.515 McFadden, T., Bean, C., Fortier, M., & Post, C. (2016). Investigating the influence of youth hockey specialization on psychological needs (dis) satisfaction, mental health, and mental illness. Cogent Psychology, 3(1), 1157975. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2016.1157975 McGuigan, M. R., & Foster, C. (2004). A New Approach to Monitoring Resistance Training. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 26(6). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-scj/Fulltext/2004/12000/A_New_Approach_to_Monitoring_Resistance_Training.8.aspx Meckel, Y., Doron, O., Eliakim, E., & Eliakim, A. (2018). Seasonal variations in physical fitness and performance indices of elite soccer players. Sports, 6(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports6010014 Memmert, D., Baker, J., & Bertsch, C. (2010). Play and practice in the development of sport-specific creativity in team ball sports. High Ability Studies, 21(1), 3–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/13598139.2010.488083 Mero, A., & Komi, P. V. (1986). Force-, EMG-, and elasticity-velocity relationships at submaximal, maximal and supramaximal running speeds in sprinters. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 55(5), 553–561. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00421652 Metaxas, T. I. (2021). Match Running Performance of Elite Soccer Players: V.o2max and Players Position Influences. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 35(1), 162–168. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002646 Metaxas, T. I., Koutlianos, N., Sendelides, T., & Mandroukas, A. (2009). Preseason physiological profile of soccer and basketball players in different divisions. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(6), 1704–1713. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b3e0c5 Meylan, C., Cronin, J., Oliver, J., & Hughes, M. (2010). Talent Identification in Soccer: The Role of Maturity Status on Physical, Physiological and Technical Characteristics. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 5(4), 571–592. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.5.4.571 Miles, A., MacLaren, D., Reilly, T., & Yamanaka, K. (1993). An analysis of physiological strain in four-a-side women’s soccer. In Science and Football II. London: E & FN Spon (pp. 140–145). Miller, A., Harvey, S., Morley, D., Nemes, R., Janes, M., & Eather, N. (2017). Exposing athletes to playing form activity: outcomes of a randomised control trial among community netball teams using a game-centred approach. Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(18), 1846–1857. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1240371 Miller, J. (1984). Burst of speed : 5 proven techniques to increase your speed (1st Editio). South Bend, IN : Icarus Press. Miller, P. K., Cronin, C., & Baker, G. (2015). Nurture, nature and some very dubious social skills: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of talent identification practices in elite English youth soccer. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 7(5), 642–662. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2015.1012544 Mills, A., Butt, J., Maynard, I., & Harwood, C. (2014). Toward an understanding of optimal development environments within elite english soccer academies. Sport Psychologist, 28(2), 137–150. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2013-0018 Mishra, P., Pandey, C. M., Singh, U., Gupta, A., Sahu, C., & Keshri, A. (2019). Descriptive statistics and normality tests for statistical data. Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia, 22(1), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.4103/aca.ACA_157_18 MoE. (2022). Takwim Kejohanan Majlis Sukan Sekolah Malaysia. https://www.moe.gov.my/en/ Mohamed, H., Vaeyens, R., Matthys, S., Multael, M., Lefevre, J., Lenoir, M., & Philppaerts, R. (2009). Anthropometric and performance measures for the development of a talent detection and identification model in youth handball. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(3), 257–266. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410802482417 MoHE. (2022). Arena IPT. https://www.arenaipt.com.my/index.php/kejohanan-utama/liga-bolasepak-ipt Mohr, M., Krustrup, P., & Bangsbo, J. (2003). Match performance of high-standard soccer players with special reference to development of fatigue. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21(7), 519–528. https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000071182 Moreira, A., McGuigan, M. R., Arruda, A. F. S., Freitas, C. G., & Aoki, M. S. (2012). Monitoring Internal Load Parameters During Simulated and Official Basketball Matches. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(3). https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31822645e9 Moreland, R. (1994). Talent identification in Malaysia. Sport, 12–13. Morgans, R., Adams, D., Mullen, R., & Williams, M. D. (2014). Changes in physical performance variables in an English Championship League team across the competitive season: the effect of possession. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 14(2), 493–503. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2014.11868738 Morgans, R., Orme, P., Anderson, L., & Drust, B. (2014). Principles and practices of training for soccer. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 3(4), 251–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2014.07.002 Mouritsen, F. (1998). Child Culture - Play Culture. Department of Contemporary Cultural Studies Odense University. Mujika, I., Padilla, S., Pyne, D., & Busso, T. (2004). Physiological changes associated with the pre-event taper in athletes. Sports Medicine, 34(13), 891–927. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200434130-00003 My Football. (2009). FFA National Curriculum. https://www.myfootball.com.au/news/ffa-national-curriculum Myer, G. D., Faigenbaum, A. D., Edwards, N. M., Clark, J. F., Best, T. M., & Sallis, R. E. (2015). Sixty minutes of what? A developing brain perspective for activating children with an integrative exercise approach. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(23), 1510–1516. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2014-093661 Negra, Y., Chaabene, H., Hammami, M., Amara, S., Sammoud, S., Mkaouer, B., & Hachana, Y. (2017). Agility in Young Athletes: Is It a Different Ability From Speed and Power? Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(3), 727–735. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001543 Ngo, J. K., Tsui, M. C., Smith, A. W., Carling, C., Chan, G. S., & Wong, D. P. (2012). The effects of man-marking on work intensity in small-sided soccer games. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 11(1), 109–114. Noor, A. M., Hazley, F., & Nadzalan, A. M. (2017). The Effectiveness of â.œSmall, Medium and Big Games― Training on Cardiovascular Endurance among University Football Players. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 6(4), 2–8. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarped/v6-i4/3532 Normand, J. M., Wolfe, A., & Peak, K. (2017). A Review of Early Sport Specialization in Relation to the Development of a Young Athlete. International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science, 5(2), 37. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.5n.2p.37 O’Connor, D., Larkin, P., & Mark Williams, A. (2016). Talent identification and selection in elite youth football: An Australian context. European Journal of Sport Science, 16(7), 837–844. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2016.1151945 O’Connor, D., Larkin, P., & Williams, A. M. (2017). What learning environments help improve decision-making? Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 22(6), 647–660. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2017.1294678 O’Connor, D., Larkin, P., & Williams, A. M. (2018). Observations of youth football training: How do coaches structure training sessions for player development? Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(1), 39–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1277034 Oh, S. H., & Joo, C. H. (2018). Comparison of technical and physical activities between 8 vs. 8 and 11 vs. 11 games in young Korean soccer players. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 14(2), 253–258. https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.1836034.017 OneNews. (2021, November 18). KPT sasar 5 tahun perbaiki taraf kualiti bolasepak di IPT. http://www.onenews.my/kpt-sasar-5-tahun-perbaiki-taraf-kualiti-bolasepak-di-ipt/ Osgnach, C., Poser, S., Bernardini, R., Rinaldo, R., & di Prampero, P. E. (2010). Energy cost and metabolic power in elite soccer: a new match analysis approach. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 42(1), 170–178. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3181ae5cfd Ostojic, S. M., Mazic, S., & Dikic, N. (2006). Profiling in basketball: physical and physiological characteristics of elite players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20(4), 740–744. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-15944.1 Owen, A. (2006). Physiological & technical analysis of small-sided conditioned training games with professional football. North East Wales Institute of Higher Education. Owen, A. L., Wong, D. P., Mckenna, M., & Dellal, A. (2011). Heart rate responses and technical comparison between small-vs. large-sided games in elite professional soccer. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(8), 2104–2110. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181f0a8a3 Owen, A. L., Wong, D. P., Paul, D., & Dellal, A. (2014). Physical and technical comparisons between various-sided games within professional soccer. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(4), 286–292. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1351333 Owen, A., Twist, C., & Ford, P. (2004). Small-Sided Games : the Physiological and Technical Effect of Altering Pitch Size and Player Numbers. Insight, 7(2), 50–53. Özcan, I., Eniseler, N., & Sahan, Ç. (2018). Effects of small-sided games and conventional aerobic interval training on various physiological characteristics and defensive and offensive skills used in soccer. Kinesiology, 50(1), 104–111. https://doi.org/10.26582/k.50.1.12 Pain, M., & Harwood, C. (2012). Stress, coping, & the qualities of elite players (3rd Editio). Routledge. Paixão, P., Sampaio, J., Almeida, C. H., & Duarte, R. (2015). How does match status affects the passing sequences of top-level European soccer teams? International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 15(1), 229–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2015.11868789 Partington, M. (2012). English youth football coaches cognitive rationale for the application of ‘Playing Form’and ‘Training Form’practice activities. 5th International TGfU Conference. Partington, M., & Cushion, C. (2013). An investigation of the practice activities and coaching behaviors of professional top-level youth soccer coaches. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 23(3), 374–382. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01383.x Partington, M., Cushion, C., & Harvey, S. (2014). An investigation of the effect of athletes’ age on the coaching behaviours of professional top-level youth soccer coaches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 32(5), 403–414. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2013.835063 Paul, D. J., & Nassis, G. P. (2015). Physical Fitness Testing in Youth Soccer: Issues and Considerations Regarding Reliability, Validity and Sensitivity. Pediatric Exercise Science, 27(3), 301–313. https://doi.org/10.1123/mc.2014-0085 Pauole, K., Madole, K., Garhammer, J., Lacourse, M., & Rozenek, R. (2000). Reliability and Validity of the T-test as a Measure of Agility, Leg Power, and Leg Speed in College-Aged Men and Women. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 14(4), 443–450. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200011000-00012 Pelan Pembangunan Bolasepak Negara Fasa 1: 2014-2020 (pp. 1–84). (2016). Kementerian Belia dan Sukan Malaysia. Práxedes, A., Moreno, A., Gil-Arias, A., Claver, F., & Villar, F. Del. (2018). The effect of small-sided games with different levels of opposition on the tactical behaviour of young footballers with different levels of sport expertise. PLoS ONE, 13(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190157 Premier League. (2022). Elite Player Performance Plan: Long-term strategy designed to advance Premier League Youth Development. https://www.premierleague.com/youth/EPPP Pulling, C., Twitchen, A., & Pettefer, C. (2016). Goal format in small-sided soccer games: Technical actions and offensive scenarios of prepubescent players. Sports, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/sports4040053 Qader, M. A., Zaidan, B. B., Zaidan, A. A., Ali, S. K., Kamaluddin, M. A., & Radzi, W. B. (2017). A methodology for football players selection problem based on multi-measurements criteria analysis. Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation, 111, 38–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2017.07.024 Radziminski, L., Rompa, P., Barnat, W., Dargiewicz, R., & Jastrzebski, Z. (2013). A comparison of the physiological and technical effects of high-intensity running and small-sided games in young soccer players. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 8(3), 455–465. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.8.3.455 Rajasekar, S., Pitchai, P. nathan, & Veerapadran, C. (2006). Research Methodology. Rampinini, E., Coutts, A. J., Castagna, C., Sassi, R., & Impellizzeri, F. M. (2007). Variation in top level soccer match performance. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 28(12), 1018–1024. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-965158 Rampinini, E., Impellizzeri, F. M., Castagna, C., Abt, G., Chamari, K., Sassi, A., & Marcora, S. M. (2007). Factors influencing physiological responses to small-sided soccer games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(6), 659–666. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410600811858 Randers, M. B., Mujika, I., Hewitt, A., Santisteban, J., Bischoff, R., Solano, R., Zubillaga, A., Peltola, E., Krustrup, P., & Mohr, M. (2010). Application of four different football match analysis systems: A comparative study. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28(2), 171–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410903428525 Rauter, S., Coh, M., Vodicar, J., Zvan, M., Krizaj, J., Simenko, J., Szmajda, L., & Mackala, K. (2018). Analysis of reactive agility and change-of-direction speed between soccer players and physical education students. Human Movement, 19(2), 68–74. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2018.74061 Razali, N. M., & Wah, Y. B. (2011). Power comparisons of shapiro-wilk, kolmogorov-smirnov, lilliefors and anderson-darling tests. Rebelo, A., Brito, J., Maia, J., Coelho-E-Silva, M. J., Figueiredo, A. J., Bangsbo, J., Malina, R. M., & Seabra, A. (2013). Anthropometric characteristics, physical fitness and technical performance of under-19 soccer players by competitive level and field position. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(4), 312–317. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1323729 Rebelo, A. N. C., Silva, P., Rago, V., Barreira, D., & Krustrup, P. (2016). Differences in strength and speed demands between 4v4 and 8v8 small-sided football games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(24), 2246–2254. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1194527 Reep, C., Pollard, R., & Benjamin, B. (1971). Skill and Chance in Ball Games. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (General), 134(4), 623–629. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/2343657 Rees, T., Hardy, L., Güllich, A., Abernethy, B., Côté, J., Woodman, T., Montgomery, H., Laing, S., & Warr, C. (2016). The Great British Medalists Project: A Review of Current Knowledge on the Development of the World’s Best Sporting Talent. Sports Medicine, 46(8), 1041–1058. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0476-2 Régnier, G., Salmela, J., & Russell, S. J. (1993). Talent detection and development in sport. In Handbook of Research on Sport Psychology. New York : Macmillan ; Toronto : Collier Macmillan Canada ; New York : Maxwell Macmillan International. Reilly, T., Bangsbo, J., & Franks, A. (2000). Anthropometric and physiological predispositions for elite soccerle. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(9), 669–683. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410050120050 Reilly, T., Cabri, J., & Araújo, D. (2005). A Comparison of Small-Sided Games and Interval Training in Elite Professional Soccer Players. In Science and Football V (pp. 366–368). Routledge. Reilly, T., & Duran, D. (2003). Fitness Assessment. In T. Reilly & A. M. Williams (Eds.), Fitness Assessment (Second). Routledge. Reilly, T., & Dust, B. (2005). Talent identification and development in soccer. In D. Milanovic & F. Prot (Eds.), 4th International Scientific Conference on Kinesiology (pp. 412–415). Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Croatia. Reilly, T., & Ekblom, B. (2005). The use of recovery methods post-exercise. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(6), 619–627. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410400021302 Reilly, T., & Holmes, M. (1983). A preliminary analysis of selected soccer skills. Physical Education Review, 6(1), 64–71. Reilly, T., Lees, A., Davids, K., & Murphy, W. J. (1988). Science and Football (Routledge Revivals). Proceedings of the First World Congress of Science and Football. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203720035 Reilly, T., Morris, T., & Whyte, G. (2009). The specificity of training prescription and physiological assessment: A review. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(6), 575–589. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410902729741 Reilly, T., & White, C. (2005). Small-sided games as an alternative to interval-training for soccer players. In Science and football V (1st Editio, pp. 355–358). Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203412992 Reilly, T., Williams, A. M., Nevill, A., & Franks, A. (2000). A multidisciplinary approach to talent identification in soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(9), 695–702. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410050120078 Rein, R., Raabe, D., & Memmert, D. (2017). “Which pass is better?” Novel approaches to assess passing effectiveness in elite soccer. Human Movement Science, 55(December 2016), 172–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2017.07.010 Relvas, H., Littlewood, M., Nesti, M., Gilbourne, D., & Richardson, D. (2010). Organizational Structures and Working Practices in Elite European Professional Football Clubs: Understanding the Relationship between Youth and Professional Domains. European Sport Management Quarterly, 10(2), 165–187. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/16184740903559891 Renshaw, I., Davids, K., Shuttleworth, R., & Chow, J. (2009). Insights from ecological psychology and dynamical systems theory can underpin a philosophy of coaching. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 40(4), 580–602. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/29406/ Rhea, M. R., Lavinge, D. M., Robbins, P., Esteve-Lanao, J., & Hultgren, T. L. (2009). Metabolic Conditioning Among Soccer Players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(3). https://doi.org/doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a330b6 Rico-González, M., Mendez-Villanueva, A., & Los Arcos, A. (2020). Training Load Periodization in Soccer with One Official Match a Week: A Systematic Review. Roberts, A. H., Greenwood, D. A., Stanley, M., Humberstone, C., Iredale, F., & Raynor, A. (2019). Coach knowledge in talent identification: A systematic review and meta-synthesis. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 22(10), 1163–1172. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2019.05.008 Roca, A., & Ford, P. R. (2021). Developmental activities in the acquisition of creativity in soccer players. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 41, 100850. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100850 Roderick, M. (2006). The Work of Professional Football A Labour of Love? (1st editio). Routledge. Romeas, T., Guldner, A., & Faubert, J. (2016). 3D-Multiple Object Tracking training task improves passing decision-making accuracy in soccer players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 22, 1–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2015.06.002 Rosch, D., Hodgson, R., Peterson, L., Graf-Baumann, T., Junge, A., Chomiak, J., & Dvorak, J. (2000). Assessment and Evaluation of Football Performance. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 28(5_suppl), 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/28.suppl_5.s-29 Russell, M., Sparkes, W., Northeast, J., Cook, C. J., Love, T. D., Bracken, R. M., & Kilduff, L. P. (2016). Changes in Acceleration and Deceleration Capacity Throughout Professional Soccer Match-Play. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(10), 2839–2844. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000805 Salmela, J. H., & Moraes, L. C. (1996). Development of expertise: The role of coaching. Families and Cultural Contexts, 275–293. Salmela, J., Young, B., & Kallio, J. (2000). Salmela, J.H., Young, B.W., & Kallio, J. (2000). Within-career transitions of the athlete-parent-coach triad. In P. Wylleman & D. Lavallée (Eds.), Career transitions in sport: A sourcebook for practitioners and researchers (pp.181-194). Morgantown, VA: FI (pp. 181–194). Sampaio, J. E., Lago, C., Gonçalves, B., Maçãs, V. M., & Leite, N. (2014). Effects of pacing, status and unbalance in time motion variables, heart rate and tactical behaviour when playing 5-a-side football small-sided games. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 17(2), 229–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2013.04.005 Sanchez-Sanchez, J., Hernández, D., Casamichana, D., Martínez-Salazar, C., Ramirez-Campillo, R., & Sampaio, J. (2017). Heart rate, technical performance, and session-RPE in elite youth soccer small-sided games played with wildcard players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(10), 2678–2685. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001736 Sannicandro, I., & Giacomo, C. (2017). Small-Sided Games in Young Soccer Players: Physical and Technical Variables. MOJ Sports Medicine, 1(1), 4–7. https://doi.org/10.15406/mojsm.2017.01.00001 Sassi, R. H., Dardouri, W., Yahmed, M. H., Gmada, N., Mahfoudhi, M. E., & Gharbi, Z. (2009). Relative and Absolute Reliability of a Modified Agility T-test and Its Relationship With Vertical Jump and Straight Sprint. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(6). https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b425d2 Scaglia, A., Reverdito, R., Leonardo, L., & Lizana, C. (2013). Collective sports games teaching: Essential competencies and game logic amid the systemic organizational process. Movimento, 19, 227–249. Scanlan, A. T., Wen, N., Tucker, P. S., & Dalbo, V. J. (2014). The relationships between internal and external training load models during basketball training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(9), 2397–2405. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000458 Schmidt, R. A., & Wrisberg, C. A. (2008). Motor learning and performance: A situation-based learning approach. Human kinetics. Schreiner, P. (2009). Soccer: Perfect Ball Control. Meyer & Meyer Sport. Seman, M. Bin, Tee, T. K., & Ghani, M. F. B. A. (2017). The Effectiveness of Sports School in Malaysia A Pilot Study in Sports School of Pahang State. Proceedings of the 1st Yogyakarta International Conference on Educational Management/Administration and Pedagogy (YICEMAP 2017), 197–205. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2991/yicemap-17.2017.33 Semenick, D. (1990). Test and Measurement: The T-test. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 12(1). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-scj/Fulltext/1990/02000/TESTS_AND_MEASUREMENTS__The_T_test.8.aspx Senel, O., & Eroglu, H. (2006). Correlation between reaction time and speed in elite soccer players. Age, 21, 3–32. Sgrò, F., Bracco, S., Pignato, S., & Lipoma, M. (2018). Small-Sided Games and Technical Skills in Soccer Training: Systematic Review and Implications for Sport and Physical Education Practitioners. Journal of Sports Science, 6(1), 9–19. https://doi.org/10.17265/2332-7839/2018.01.002 Sheppard, J., & Young, W. (2006). Agility literature review: Classifications, training and testing. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(9), 919–932. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410500457109 Silva, J. R., Magalhães, J. F., Ascensão, A. A., Oliveira, E. M., Seabra, A. F., & Rebelo, A. N. (2011). Individual match playing time during the season affects fitness-related parameters of male professional soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(10), 2729–2739. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31820da078 Simon, H. A., & Chase, W. G. (1973). Skill in chess. American Scientist, 61(4), 394–403. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1968-0_18 Smith, D. J. (2003). A Framework for Understanding the Training Process Leading to Elite Performance. Sports Medicine, 33(15), 1103–1126. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200333150-00003 Soberlak, P., & Côté, J. (2003). The developmental activities of elite ice hockey players. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 15(1), 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200305401 Soeed, K. BIN. (2016). Normative Data of Potential Young Malaysian Athlete for. Spencer, M., Bishop, D., Dawson, B., & Goodman, C. (2005). Physiological and Metabolic Responses of Repeated-Sprint Activities. Sports Medicine, 35(12), 1025–1044. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200535120-00003 Sporis, G., Jukic, I., Milanovic, L., & Vucetic, V. (2010). Reliability and Factorial Validity of Agility Tests for Soccer Players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(3). https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c4d324 Stambulova, N. B. (2000). Athletes’ crises: a developmental perspective. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 31(4), 584–601. Starkes, J. (2000). The road to expertise: Is practice the only determinant? International Journal of Sport Psychology. Stølen, T., Chamari, K., Castagna, C., & Wisløff, U. (2005). Physiology of soccer: An update. Sports Medicine, 35(6), 501–536. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200535060-00004 Stone, K. J., & Oliver, J. L. (2009). The effect of 45 minutes of soccer- specific exercise on the performance of soccer skills. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 4(2), 163–175. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.4.2.163 Stoszkowski, J., & Collins, D. (2016). Sources, topics and use of knowledge by coaches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(9), 794–802. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1072279 Stratton, G., Reilly, T., Richardson, D., & Williams, A. M. (2004). Youth Soccer: From Science to Performance. Routledge. Strøyer, J., Hansen, L., & Klausen, K. (2004). Physiological profile and activity pattern of young soccer players during match play. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 36(1), 168–174. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000106187.05259.96 Strudwick, A., Reilly, T., & Doran, D. (2002). Anthropometric and fitness profiles of elite players in two football codes. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 42(2), 239–242. Sudarji, S. (2022). UiTM FC bakal ‘bertukar tangan’ pemilik musim depan. Cakap Sukan. https://cakapsukan.com/2021/12/16/uitm-fc-bakal-dimiliki-syarikat-korporat/ Syamim, M. A. (2019, October 1). Universiti Mahsa Mahu Ikut Jejak UiTM FC, UKM FC Beraksi Di Liga Premier. Semuanya Bola. https://semuanyabola.com/universiti-mahsa-mahu-ikut-jejak-uitm-fc-ukm-fc-beraksi-di-liga-premier/ Talbot, R. (2014). Devising Ridiculusmus’ Total Football: a schematic reading of performance process. Studies in Theatre and Performance, 34(2), 140–159. https://doi.org/10.1080/14682761.2013.877662 Tan, A. L. S., & Low, J. F. L. (2014). Developmental Practice Activities Of Elite Youth Swimmers. Movement, Health & Exercise, 3(1993), 27–37. https://doi.org/10.15282/mohe.v3i0.15 Tan, A. L. S., Malik, Z. A., & Low, J. F. L. (2019). Developmental Pathways of Malaysian National Sports School Athletes. In A. B. Salleh (Ed.), Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities (pp. 121–134). Taskin, H. (2008). Evaluating Sprinting Ability, Density of Acceleration, and Speed Dribbling Ability of Professional Soccer Players With Respect to Their Positions. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(5). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2008/09000/Evaluating_Sprinting_Ability,_Density_of.14.aspx Taylor, J. B., Wright, A. A., Dischiavi, S. L., Townsend, M. A., & Marmon, A. R. (2017). Activity Demands During Multi-Directional Team Sports: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 47(12), 2533–2551. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0772-5 Tessitore, A., Perroni, F., Meeusen, R., Cortis, C., Lupo, C., & Capranica, L. (2012). Heart Rate Responses and Technical-Tactical Aspects of Official 5-A-Side Youth Soccer Matches Played on Clay and Artificial Turf. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(1). https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31821854f2 The FA. (2022). The history of the FA. https://www.thefa.com/about-football-association/what-we-do/history Thomas, A., Dawson, B., & Goodman, C. (2006a). The yo-yo test: reliability and association with a 20-m shuttle run and VO(2max). International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 1(2), 137–149. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.1.2.137 Thomas, A., Dawson, B., & Goodman, C. (2006b). The Yo-Yo Test: Reliability and Association with a 20-m Shuttle Run and VO2max. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 1(2), 137–149. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.1.2.137 Toering, T. T., Elferink-Gemser, M. T., Jordet, G., & Visscher, C. (2009). Self-regulation and performance level of elite and non-elite youth soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(14), 1509–1517. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410903369919 Toselli, S., Mauro, M., Grigoletto, A., Cataldi, S., Benedetti, L., Nanni, G., Di Miceli, R., Aiello, P., Gallamini, D., & Fischetti, F. (2022). Assessment of Body Composition and Physical Performance of Young Soccer Players: Differences According to the Competitive Level. Biology, 11(6), 823. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11060823 TransferMarkt.com. (2020). Squad Malaysia. https://www.transfermarkt.com/malaysia/kader/verein/15738 Trecroci, A., Porcelli, S., Perri, E., Pedrali, M., Rasica, L., Alberti, G., Longo, S., & Iaia, F. M. (2020). Effects of Different Training Interventions on the Recovery of Physical and Neuromuscular Performance After a Soccer Match. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 34(8). https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003269 Tsunawake, N., Tahara, Y., Moji, K., Muraki, S., Minowa, K., & Yukawa, K. (2003). Body composition and physical fitness of female volleyball and basketball players of the Japan inter-high school championship teams. Journal of Physiological Anthropology and Applied Human Science, 22(4), 195–201. https://doi.org/10.2114/jpa.22.195 Turner, A. N., & Stewart, P. F. (2014). Strength and conditioning for soccer players. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 36(4), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000054 Unnithan, V., White, J., Georgiou, A., Iga, J., & Drust, B. (2012). Talent identification in youth soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(15), 1719–1726. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.731515 Vaeyens, R., Malina, R. M., Janssens, M., Van Renterghem, B., Bourgois, J., Vrijens, J., & Philippaerts, R. M. (2006). A multidisciplinary selection model for youth soccer: The Ghent Youth Soccer Project. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 40(11), 928–934. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2006.029652 Van der Mars, H. (1989). Observer reliability: Issues and procedures. In Analyzing physical education and sport instruction (2nd Editio, pp. 53–80). Champaign, Ill. : Human Kinetics Books. Van Hooren, B., & De Ste Croix, M. (2020). Sensitive Periods to Train General Motor Abilities in Children and Adolescents: Do They Exist? A Critical Appraisal. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 42(6). https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000545 Vasileios, A., Athanasios, S., Antonios, S., Nikos, G., & Giorgos, P. (2018). The increase of vo2 max variation and the specific biochemical parameters in soccer players after a pre-season training program. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 18(2), 686–694. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2018.02100 Verheijen, R. (2000). Handbuch Fussballkondition (1st Editio). Cawila Teamsport. Vickery, W., Dascombe, B., Duffield, R., Kellett, A., & Portus, M. (2013). The influence of field size, player number and rule changes on the physiological responses and movement demands of small-sided games for cricket training. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31(6), 629–638. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.744080 Vilar, L., Duarte, R., Silva, P., Chow, J. Y. i., & Davids, K. (2014). The influence of pitch dimensions on performance during small-sided and conditioned soccer games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 32(19), 1751–1759. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2014.918640 Villarreal, E. S-S, D., Requena, B., & Newton, R. U. (2010). Does plyometric training improve strength performance? A meta-analysis. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 13(5), 513–522. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2009.08.005 Waldron, M., & Murphy, A. (2013). A comparison of physical abilities and match performance characteristics among elite and subelite under-14 soccer players. Pediatric Exercise Science, 25(3), 423–434. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.25.3.423 Wall, M., & Côté, J. (2007). Developmental activities that lead to dropout and investment in sport. Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy, 12(1), 77–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408980601060358 Wallace, J. L., & Norton, K. I. (2014). Evolution of World Cup soccer final games 1966-2010: Game structure, speed and play patterns. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 17(2), 223–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2013.03.016 Wang, J. (2006). Soccer made easy: From fundamental skills to championship play. Ameriscientific, Inc. Ward, P., Hodges, N. J., Starkes, J. L., & Williams, M. A. (2007). The road to excellence: Deliberate practice and the development of expertise. High Ability Studies, 18(2), 119–153. https://doi.org/10.1080/13598130701709715 Wiersma, L. D. (2000). Risks and benefits of youth sport specialization: Perspectives and recommendations. Pediatric Exercise Science, 12(1), 13–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.12.1.13 Williams, A. M., & Ford, P. R. (2008). Expertise and expert performance in sport. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(1), 4–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/17509840701836867 Williams, A. M., Ford, P. R., Eccles, D. W., & Ward, P. (2011). Perceptual-cognitive expertise in sport and its acquisition: Implications for applied cognitive psychology. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 25(3), 432–442. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1710 Williams, A. M., & Hodges, N. J. (2005). Practice, instruction and skill acquisition in soccer: Challenging tradition. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(6), 637–650. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410400021328 Williams, A. M., & Reilly, T. (2000). Talent identification and development in soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(9). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410050120041 Wisløff, U., Helgerud, J., & Hoff, J. (1998). Strength and endurance of elite soccer players. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(3), 462–467. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199803000-00019 Wong, D. P., & Wong, S. H. S. (2009). Physiological Profile of Asian Elite Youth Soccer Players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(5). https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a4f074 Wong, P.-L., Chamari, K., Dellal, A., & Wisløff, U. (2009). Relationship Between Anthropometric and Physiological Characteristics in Youth Soccer Players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(4). https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31819f1e52 Wood, R. (2008). 30 Meter Dash. Topend Sports Website. https://www.topendsports.com/testing/tests/sprint-30meters.htm Woodman, L. (1993). Coaching: A science, an art, an emerging profession. Sport Science Review, 2(2), 1–13. Wylleman, P., & Reints, A. (2010). A lifespan perspective on the career of talented and elite athletes: Perspectives on high-intensity sports. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 20(s2), 88–94. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01194.x Yiannakos, A., & Armatas, V. (2006). Evaluation of the goal scoring patterns in European Championship in Portugal 2004. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 6(1), 178–188. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2006.11868366 Young, B. W., Jemczyk, K., Brophy, K., & Côté, J. (2009). Discriminating Skilled Coaching Groups: Quantitative Examination of Developmental Experiences and Activities. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 4(3), 397–414. https://doi.org/10.1260/174795409789623937 Young, W. B., & Willey, B. (2010). Analysis of a reactive agility field test. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 13(3), 376–378. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2009.05.006 Zago, M., Piovan, A. G., Annoni, I., Ciprandi, D., Iaia, F. M., & Sforza, C. (2016). Dribbling determinants in sub-elite youth soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(5), 411–419. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1057210
|
This material may be protected under Copyright Act which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. |