Adair, B. M., & McAfee, L. V. (2018). Chemical Pursuit: A modified trivia board game. Journal of Chemical Education, 95(3), 416-418. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00946
Agustian, H. Y., & Seery, M. K. (2017). Reasserting the role of pre-laboratory activities in chemistry education: a proposed framework for their design. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 18(4), 518-532. https://doi.org/ 10.1039/C7RP00140A
Akaygun, S., & Jones, L. L. (2014). Words or Pictures: A comparison of written and pictorial explanations of physical and chemical equilibria. International Journal of Science Education, 36(5), 783-807. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/09500693.2013.828361
Alenizi, Abdulaziz, "Use of photography to support the learning process of science teachers of ninth through twelfth grade in the schools of kuwait" (2015). Dissertations.
Alsawaier, R. S. (2018). The effect of gamification on motivation and engagement. The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 35(1), 56-79. https://doi.org/ 10.1108/IJILT-02-2017-0009
Annetta, L. A. (2010). The “I's” have it: A framework for serious educational game design. Review of General Psychology, 14(2), 105-113. https://doi.org/ 10.1037/a0018985
Antipolo, J. (2021). Game-Based Learning: Learn Math While You Play with It. Academia Letters, Article 889. Doi.org/10.20935/AL889.
Antunes, M., Pacheco, M. A. R., & Giovanela, M. (2012). Design and implementation of an educational game for teaching chemistry in higher education. Journal of Chemical Education, 89(4), 517-521. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/ed2003077
Arpan, P., Aunurrahman, A., & Fadillah, F. (2018). The Development of Science Learning Module with Problem Solving Method. JETL (Journal Of Education, Teaching and Learning), 3(2), 195. https://doi.org/ 10.26737/jetl.v3i2.747
Azita Iliya Abdul Jabbar & Patrick, F. (2015). Gameplay engagement and learning in game- based learning : A systematic review. Review of Educational Research, 85(4), 740-779. https://doi.org/ 10.3102/0034654315577210
Bada, S. O., & Olusegun, S. (2015). Constructivism learning theory: A paradigm for teaching and learning. Journal of Research & Method in Education, 5(6), 66-70. https://doi.org/ 10.9790/7388-05616670
Barak, M., & Dori, Y. J. (2011). Science education in primary schools: Is an animation worth a thousand pictures? Journal of Science Education and Technology, 20(5), 608-620. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s10956-011-9315-2
Bennett, N. J. 2016. Using perceptions as evidence to improve conservation and environmental management. Conservation Biology 30(3): 582–592.
Berger, K. S. (2009). Psicología del desarrollo: adultez y vejez. Ed. Médica Panamericana.
Berger, S. G. (2015). Investigating Student Perceptions of the Chemistry Laboratory and Their Approaches to Learning in the Laboratory (Doctoral dissertation). UC Berkeley.
Beyerl, K., O. Putz, and A. Breckwoldt. 2016. The Role of Perceptions for Community-Based Marine Resource Management. Frontiers in Marine Science 3(238).
Bílek, M., Nodzyńska, M., Kopek-Putała, W., & Zimak-Piekarczyk, P. (2018). Balancing chemical equations using sandwich making computer simulation games as a supporting teaching method. Problems of Education in The 21st Century, 76(6), 779. https://doi.org/ 10.33225/pec/18.76.779
Bobek, E., & Tversky, B. (2016). Creating visual explanations improves learning. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 1(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s41235-016-0031-6
Bond, T. G., & Fox, C. (2007). Applying the rasch model – fundamental measurement in the human sciences. Journal of Educational Measurement 40(2). https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1745-3984.2003.tb01103.x
Bozkurt, G. (2017). Social constructivism: Does it succeed in reconciling individual cognition with social teaching and learning practices in mathematics? Journal of Education and Practice, 8(3), 210-218. Dimuat turun daripada pangkalan data ERIC. (EJ1131532).
Branch, R. M. (2009). Instructional Design: The ADDIE approach (Vol. 722). USA: Springer Science & Business Media
Brod, G. (2020). Generative learning: Which strategies for what age? Educational Psychology Review, 1-24. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s10648-020-09571-9
Broman, K., & Parchmann, I. (2014). Students' application of chemical concepts when solving chemistry problems in different contexts. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 15(4), 516-529. https://doi.org/ 10.1039/c4rp00051j
Burguillo, J. C. (2010). Using game theory and competition-based learning to stimulate student motivation and performance. Computers & Education, 55(2), 566-575. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.compedu.2010.02.018
Calderón, A., and Ruiz, M. (2015). A systematic literature review on serious games evaluation: An application to software project management. Comput. Educ. 87, 396–422.
Cañas, F., Lazo, L., & Carcamo, C. (2016). Chemistry learning with application of the zone of proximal development and use of conceptual maps in the chemistry lab. Journal of The Chilean Chemical Society, 61(1), 2757-2762. https://doi.org/ 10.4067/S0717-97072016000100002
Cardinot, A., & Fairfield, J. A. (2019). Game-based learning to engage students with physics and astronomy using a board game. International Journal of Game-Based Learning (IJGBL), 9(1), 4257. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJGBL.2019010104
Che Soh Said, Irfan Naufal Umar, Balakrishnan Muniandy, S. D. (2015). Aplikasi teknologi multimedia dalam pembelajaran sains biologi: Kesan terhadap pelajar berbeza tahap keupayaan spatial. Journal of ICT in Education (JICTIE), 2, 15–25.
Chua, Y. P. (2006). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan. Buku 1 - Kaedah penyelidikan. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Mcgraw Hill.
Chua, Y. P. (2006). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan. Buku 2 - Asas statistik penyelidikan. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Mcgraw Hill.
Cicchino, M. I. (2015). Using game-based learning to foster critical thinking in student discourse. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 9(2), 4. https://doi.org/ 10.7771/1541-5015.1481
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2001). Research methods in education (5th ed.). London: Routledge Falmer
Cole, S., Sansom, R. L., Reynders, G., & Suh, E. (2019). Developing Student Process Skills in a General Chemistry Laboratory ́. Journal of Chemical Education. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00441
Cooper, M. M., Kouyoumdjian, H., & Underwood, S. M. (2016). Investigating students’ reasoning about acid–base reactions. Journal of Chemical Education, 93(10), 1703-1712. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00417
Cózar-Gutiérrez, R., & Sáez-López, J. M. (2016). Game-based learning and gamification in initial teacher training in the social sciences: An experiment with MinecraftEdu. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 13(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s41239-016-0003-4
Creswell, J. W. (2002). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative (pp. 146-166). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Creswell, J. W. (2005). Educational research (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Creswell, J. W. (2010). Mapping the developing landscape of mixed methods research. SAGE Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social & Behavioral Research, 2, 45-68. https://doi.org/ 10.4135/9781483398341
Cuevas, J., & Dawson, B. L. (2017). A test of two alternative cognitive processing models: Learning styles and dual coding. Theory and Research In Education, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477878517731450
Dani Asmadi Ibrahim, Azraai Othman & Othman Talib. (2015). Pandangan pelajar dan guru terhadap tahap kesukaran tajuk-tajuk kimia. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 2, 32–46. Dimuat turun daripada https://jupidi.um.edu.my/article/view/8356
Daniela, C. C., Popescu, F. F., Ioan, P. A., & Andrei, V. (2015). Conceptual maps and integrated experiments for teaching/learning physics of photonic devices. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 191, 512-518. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.284
Davis, L.L. (1992). Instrument review: Getting the most from your panel of experts. Applied Nursing Research, 5, 194-197. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S0897-1897(05)80008-4
Davidowitz, B., & Rollnick, M. (2003). Enabling metacognition in the laboratory: A case study of four second year university chemistry students. Research in Science Education, 33(1), 43-69. https://doi.org/ 10.1023/A:1023673122220
Davidowitz, B., Chittleborough, G., & Murray, E. (2010). Student-generated submicro diagrams: A useful tool for teaching and learning chemical equations and stoichiometry. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 11(3), 154-164. https://doi.org/ 10.1039/c005464j
Deci Lisma Karnela, Daniela, Azwir Anhar & Lufri (2018). Validity of Biology Module Oriented Meaningful Learning for Student Class XI. International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies (IJPSAT), 31-39.
Dimopoulos, D., & Pantis, J. (2003). Knowledge and attitudes regarding sea turtles in elementary students on Zakynthos, Greece. The Journal of Environmental Education, 34, 30–38. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00958960309603491
Doraiseriyan, E. R., & Muhd Ibrahim Muhamad Damanhuri. (2021). Tinjauan keperluan terhadap pembinaan permainan dalam pembelajaran tajuk garam bagi pelajar tingkatan 4. A survey on the need of developing games in learning salt topic for form 4 students. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains & Matematik Malaysia, 11, 21–28. https://doi.org/ 10.37134/jpsmm.vol11.sp.2.2021
Dziob, D., Kwiatkowski, L., & Sokolowska, D. (2018). Class tournament as an assessment method in physics courses: A pilot study. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(4), 1111-1132. https://doi.org/ 10.29333/ejmste/81807
Eilks, I., Prins, G. T., & Lazarowitz, R. (2013). How to organise the chemistry classroom in a student-active mode. In Teaching chemistry– A studybook (pp. 183-212). Brill Sense. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/978-94-6209-140-5_7
Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (2013). Behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism: Comparing critical features from an instructional design perspective. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 26(2), 43-71. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/piq
Fahmidani, Y., & Rohaeti, E. (2020). Attitude toward chemistry: Student’s perception based on learning experience. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1440, No. 1, p. 012016). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/ 10.1088/1742-6596/1440/1/012016
Fahrutdinov, R. R., Khakimzyanova, D. F., Melnikova, O. K., & Shamsutdinova, E. K. (2017). Game-based approaches for specializing in information technology. European Research Studies Journal, 20, 63-73. Dimuat turun daripada https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar//handle/123456789/34493
Fatin, N., Che, S., Farahkhanna, N., Rusli, M., Shaari, R., & Nallaluthan, K. (2021). Oj-TP Persepsi pelajar terhadap aplikasi multimedia interaktif dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran abad ke-21 students ’ perceptions of interactive multimedia applications in the 21st century teaching and learning process. Online Journal for TVET Practitioners, 1, 15–24. https://doi.org//10.30880/ojtp.2021.06.01.003
Farhana Wan Yunus, & Zainun Mat Ali. (2013). Attitude towards learning chemistry among secondary school students in Malaysia. Journal of Asian Behavioural Studies, 3(11), 1-11. https://doi.org/ 10.21834/ajbes.v3i9.61
Fetty Shamy Lin Yahaya & Lajium, D. (2020). Perkembangan kemahiran berfikir kritis melalui pembelajaran stem berasaskan robot (outside of school time) di luar waktu sekolah di sekolah menengah daerah Tuaran, Sabah abstrak development of critical thinking skills through outside of school time rob. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 5(7), 32–50. Doi: 10.47405/mjssh.v5i7.444
Figueroa-Flores, J. F. (2016). Gamification and game-based learning: Two strategies for the 21st century learner. World Journal of Educational Research, 3(2), 507. https://doi.org/ 10.22158/wjer.v3n2p507
Firas Layth Khaleel, Tengku Siti Meriam Tengku Wook & Amirah Ismail. (2016). Gamification elements for learning applications. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 6(6), 868-874. https://doi.org/ 10.18517/ijaseit.6.6.1379
Fishovitz, J., Crawford, G. L., & Kloepper, K. D. (2020). Guided heads-up: A collaborative game that promotes metacognition and synthesis of material while emphasizing higher-order thinking. Journal of Chemical Education, 97(3), 681-688. Dimuat turun daripada pangkalan data ERIC. (EJ1248729).
Franco-Mariscal, A. J. (2015). Exploring the everyday context of chemical elements: Discovering the elements of car components. Journal of Chemical Education, 92(10), 1672–1677. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.5b00164
Franco-Mariscal, A. J., Oliva-Martínez, J. M., Blanco-López, Á., & Espana-Ramos, E. (2016). A game-based approach to learning the idea of chemical elements and their periodic classification. Journal of Chemical Education, 93(7), 1173-1190. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.5b00846
Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (1996). Valididity and reliability. How to design and research in education. New York: McGraw-Hill, INC, 3, 153-171. Dimuat turun daripada pangkalan data ERIC. (ED323168).
Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (1996). How to design and evaluate research (3. baskı). New York: Mc Graww-Hill.
Frenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (2006). How to design and evaluate research in education. New York McGraw-Hill International Edition
Galloway, K. R., Malakpa, Z., & Bretz, S. L. (2016). Investigating Affective Experiences in the Undergraduate Chemistry Laboratory: Students ’ Perceptions of Control and Responsibility. Journal of Chemical Education. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.5b00737
Garcia, J., & Serrano, M. and E. (2015). Experimental Experience Through Project-Based Learning. In Chemistry Education: Best Practices, Opportunities and Trends (pp. 489–516).
Ghani, I. A., Ibrahim, N. H., Yahaya, N. A., & Surif, J. (2017). Enhancing students' HOTS in laboratory educational activity by using concept map as an alternative assessment tool. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 18(4), 849-874. https://doi.org/ 10.1039/C7RP00120G
Gogal, K., Heuett, W., & Jaber, D. (2017). CHEMCompete: An organic chemistry card game to differentiate between substitution and elimination reactions of alkyl halides. Journal of Chemical Education, 94(9), 1276-1279. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00744
Gupta, T. (2019). Game-based learning in chemistry: A game for chemical nomenclature. In Technology Integration in Chemistry Education and Research (TICER) (pp. 65-79). American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/bk-2019-1318.ch005
Hafsah Taha, Rosnani Hashim, Zurida Ismail, Kamaruzaman Jusof & Yin, K. Y. (2014). The influence of students’ concept of mole, problem representation ability and mathematical ability on stoichiometry problem solving. Scottish Journal of Arts, Social Sciences and Scientific Studies, 21(1), 3-21. Dimuat turun daripada http://irep.iium.edu.my/42187/1/Hafsa_Taha_SJASS_Vol.21_No.1.pdf
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (Vol. 6). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hanus, M. D., and Fox, J. (2015). Assessing the effects of gamification in the classroom: A longitudinal study on intrinsic motivation, social comparison, satisfaction, effort, and academic performance. Comput. Educ. 80, 152–161. http://doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2014.08.019
H. Lin (2012). Improving the effectiveness of organic chemistry experiments through multimedia teaching materials for junior high school students. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology 11(2). 135-141
Halim, A., Halim, L., Meerah, S. T., & Osman, K. (2010). Pembangunan Instrumen Penyelesaian Masalah Sains. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 35(1), 35–39
Hamari, J., Shernoff, D. J., Rowe, E., Coller, B., Asbell-Clarke, J., & Edwards, T. (2016). Challenging games help students learn: An empirical study on engagement, flow and immersion in game-based learning. Computers in Human Behavior, 54, 170-179. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.chb.2015.07.045
Hartt, M., Hosseini, H., & Mostafapour, M. (2020). Game on: Exploring the effectiveness of game-based learning. Planning Practice & Research, 35(5), 589-604. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/02697459.2020.1778859
Hayhow, S., Parn, E. A., Edwards, D. J., Hosseini, M. R., & Aigbavboa, C. (2019). Construct-it: A board game to enhance built environment students’ understanding of the property life cycle. Industry and Higher Education, 33(3), 186-197. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/0950422219825985
Hofstein, A., & Lunetta, V. N. (1982). The role of the laboratory in science teaching: Neglected aspects of research. Review of Educational Research, 52(2), 201-217. https://doi.org/ 10.3102/00346543052002201
Högberg, J., Hamari, J., & Wästlund, E. (2019). Gameful experience questionnaire (gamefulquest): An instrument for measuring the perceived gamefulness of system use. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, 29(3), 619-660. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11257-019-09223-w
Hsieh, H. C. L. (2020). Integration of environmental sustainability issues into the “game design theory and practice” design course. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 12(16), 1-19. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/SU12166334
Husnaini, S. J., & Chen, S. (2019). Effects of guided inquiry virtual and physical laboratories on conceptual understanding , inquiry performance, scientific inquiry self-efficacy, and enjoyment. Physical Review Physics Education Research,15(1),10119.https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.15.01019
Jack, G. U. (2013). Concept mapping and guided inquiry as effective techniques for teaching difficult concepts in chemistry: Effect on students’ academic achievement. Journal of Education and Practice, 4(5), 9-15. https://doi.org/ 10.5897/ERR2016.3095
Jackson, R. S. (2009). Wine science: Principles and applications (4th ed.). Academic Press, Elsevier
Jamaluddin, D., Ratnasih, T., Gunawan, H., & Paujiah, E. (2020). Pembelajaran daring masa pandemik Covid-19 pada calon guru: hambatan, solusi dan proyeksi. karya tulis ilmiah uin sunan gunung djjati bandung, 1–10. Dimuat turun daripada http://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/30518/
Jarrett, K., & Light, R. (2019). The experience of teaching using a game based approach: Teachers as learners, collaborators and catalysts. European Physical Education Review, 25(2), 565–580. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/1356336X17753023
Jian, Y. C. (2019). Reading Instructions Facilitate Signaling Effect on Science Text for Young Readers : An Eye-Movement Study. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 17(3), 503–522. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s10763-018-9878-y
Jiménez-Liso, M. R., López-Banet, L., & Dillon, J. (2020). Changing how we teach acid-base chemistry. Science & Education, 29(5), 1291-1315. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11191-020-00142-6
Johanson, G.A. & Brooks, G.P. 2010. Initial scale development: sample size for pilot studies. Educational And Psychological Measurement 70(3): 394-400.
Johnstone, A. H. (1982). The demands of practical work. Education in Chemistry, 71-73.
Johnstone, A. H. (1991). Why is chemistry difficult to learn? Things are seldom what they seem. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 7(2), 75–83. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1365-2729.1991.tb00230.x
Johnstone, A. H. (1993). The development of chemistry teaching: A changing response to changing demand. Journal of Chemical Education, 70(9), 701. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/ed070p701
Johnstone, A. H., & Wham, A. J. B. (1982). Demands of practical work. Education in Chemistry, 19, 71-73.
Jones, L. L. (2013). How multimedia-based learning and molecular visualization change the landscape of chemical education research. Journal of Chemical Education, 90(12), 1571-1576. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/ed4001206
Josephsen, J., & Hvidt, S. (2015). Experimental experience through project‐based learning. In Chemistry Education: Best Practices, Opportunities and Trends, 489-516. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/9783527679300.ch20
Kafai, Y. B., & Burke, Q. (2015). Constructionist gaming: Understanding the benefits of making games for learning. Educational Psychologist, 50(4), 313-334.
Kamariah Sujak & Daniel, E. G. S. (2018). Understanding of macroscopic, microscopic and symbolic representations among form four students in solving stoichiometric problems. MOJES: Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 5(3), 83-96. Dimuat turun daripada https://mojes.um.edu.my/article/view/12627
Kamisah Osman & Lay, A. N. (2020). MyKimDG module: An interactive platform towards development of twenty-first century skills and improvement of students ’ knowledge in chemistry. Interactive Learning Environments, 1–14. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/10494820.2020.1729208
Kamisah Osman & Meerah Wahidin. (2013). Concept mapping in chemistry lessons: Tools for inculcating thinking skills in chemistry learning. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 12, 666–681. Dimuat turun daripada http://www.scientiasocialis.lt/jbse/?q=node/325
Kamisah Osman & Nur Suhaidah Sukor. (2013). Conceptual understanding in secondary school chemistry: A discussion. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 10(5), 433–441. https://doi.org/ 10.3844/ajassp.2013.433.441
Kamisah Osman & Nurul Aini Bakar. (2012). Educational computer games for malaysian classrooms: Issues and educational computer games for malaysian classrooms: Issues and challenges. Asian Social Science, 8(August), 75–84. https://doi.org/ 10.5539/ass.v8n11p75
Kamisah Osman, Che Nidzam Che Ahmad & Lilia Halim. (2011). Students ’ perception of the physical and psychosocial science laboratory environment in malaysia : Comparison across subject and school location. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 1650–1655. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.03.347
Kaneko, K., Saito, Y., Nohara, Y., Kudo, E., & Yamada, M. (2018). Does physical activity enhance learning performance?: Learning effectiveness of game-based experiential learning for university library instruction. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 44(5), 569-581. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.acalib.2018.06.002
Kanellopoulou, C., Kermanidis, K. L., & Giannakoulopoulos, A. (2019). The dual-coding and multimedia learning theories: Film subtitles as a vocabulary teaching tool. Education Sciences, 9(3), 210. https://doi.org/ org/10.3390
Kaptelinin, V., & Cole, M. (1997). Individual and collective activities in educational computer game playing. In Proceedings of Computer Support for Collaborative Learning, 1997. Ontorio, Canada.
Kavak, N. (2012). ChemOkey: A game to reinforce nomenclature. Journal of Chemical Education, 89(8), 1047-1049. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/ed3000556
Kavak, N., & Yamak, H. (2016). Picture chem: Playing a game to identify laboratory equipment items and describe their use. Journal of Chemical Education, 93(7), 1253–1255. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.5b00857
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2018). Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah Kimia Tingkatan Empat dan Tingkatan Lima. Kuala Lumpur: Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum.
Kiili, K., Lainema, T., de Freitas, S., & Arnab, S. (2014). Flow framework for analyzing the quality of educational games. Entertainment computing, 5(4), 367-377. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.entcom.2014.08.002
Kline, T. J. B. (2005). Psychological testing: A practical approach to design and evaluation. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications
Koh, S. B. K., & Fung, F. M. (2018). Applying a quiz-show style game to facilitate effective chemistry lexical communication. Journal of Chemical Education, 95(11), 1996-1999. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.7b00857
Kordaki, M. (2015). A constructivist, modeling methodology for the design of educational card games. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 191, 26–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.669
Krawitz, J., & Schukajlow, S. (2020). When can making a drawing hinder problem solving? Effect of the drawing strategy on linear overgeneralizations and problem solving. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 506. https://doi.org/ 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00506
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/001316447003000308
Kubiatko, M. (2015). Is chemistry attractive for pupils? Czech pupils’ perception of chemistry. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 11(4), 855-863. https://doi.org/ 10.12973/eurasia.2015.1444a
Kuo, W. C., & Hsu, T. C. (2020). Learning computational thinking without a computer: How computational participation happens in a computational thinking board game. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 29(1), 67-83. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s40299-019-00479-9
Kurushkin, M., & Mikhaylenko, M. (2016). Orbital battleship: A guessing game to reinforce atomic structure. Journal of Chemical Education, 93(9), 1595-1598. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00136
Lay, A. N., & Kamisah Osman. (2018). Developing 21st century chemistry learning through designing digital Games. Journal of Education in Science Environment and Health, 4(1), 81-92. Dimuat turun daripada pangkalan data ERIC. (EJ1170983).
Lee, C. H., Zhu, J. F., Lin, T. L., Ni, C. W., Hong, C. P., Huang, P. H., ... & Ho, M. L. (2016). Using a table tennis game, “Elemental Knock-Out”, to increase students’ familiarity with chemical elements, symbols, and atomic numbers. Journal of Chemical Education, 93(10), 1744-1748. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00341
Likert, R. (1932). A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Archives of Psychology, 22 140, 55.
Lindner, M. A. (2020). Representational and decorative pictures in science and mathematics tests: Do they make a difference? Learning and Instruction, 68, 101345. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2020.101345
Lindner, M. A., Ihme, J. M., Saß, S., & Köller, O. (2016). How representational pictures enhance students’ performance and test-taking pleasure in low-stakes assessment. European Journal of Psychological Assessment. https://doi.org/ 10.1027/1015-5759/a000351
Lindner, M. A., Lüdtke, O., Grund, S., & Köller, O. (2017). The merits of representational pictures in educational assessment: Evidence for cognitive and motivational effects in a time-on-task analysis. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 51, 482-492. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2017.09.009
Lindsay, P. H., and D. A. Norman. 2013. HUMAN INFORMATION PROCESSING: An Introduction to Psychology. Academic Press.
Liu, E. Z. F., & Chen, P. K. (2013). The effect of game-based learning on students’ learning performance in science learning– A case of “conveyance go”. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 103, 1044-1051. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.10.430
Lizawati Mohamad Ham, H. A. R., Manaf, K. H. B. K. A., & Zawawi, M. T. S. B. A. (2021). Tahap motivasi intrinsik dan pencapaian pelajar dalam pembelajaran kimia topik gas berasaskan permainan ‘Jejak Rembo’ Lizawati. Jurnal Penyelidikan Dedikasi, 8, 117–144.
Lorenzo, M. G., Reverdito, A. M., Blanco, M., & Salerno, A. (2012). Difficulties of undergraduate students in the organic chemistry. Problems Of Education In The 21st Century, 42(1973), 74-81. Dimuat turun daripada http://www.scientiasocialis.lt/pec/files/pdf/vol42/74-81.Lorenzo_Vol.42.pdf
Lourenço, O. (2012). New ideas in psychology piaget and vygotsky: Many resemblances and a crucial difference. New Ideas in Psychology, 30(3), 281–295. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2011.12.006
Lu, Y. L., & Lien, C. J. (2020). Are they learning or playing? Students’ perception traits and their learning self-efficacy in a game-based learning environment. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 57(8), 1879-1909. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/0735633118820684
Lynn, M. R. (1986). Determination and quantification of content validity. Nursing Research, 35(6), 382–385. https://doi.org/ 10.1097/00006199-198611000-00017
Majooni, A., Masood, M., & Akhavan, A. (2015). Scientific visualizations based on integrated model of text and picture comprehension via eye-tracking. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 176, 52–59. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.443
Makki, M. H., Abd-El-Khalick, F., & BouJaoude, S. (2003). Lebanese secondary school students' environmental knowledge and attitudes. Environmental Education Research, 9(1), 21-33. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/13504620303468
Martí-Centelles, V., & Rubio-Magnieto, J. (2014). ChemMend: A card game to introduce and explore the periodic table while engaging students’ interest. Journal of Chemical Education, 91(6), 868-871. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/ed300733w
Matore, M. E. E. M., & Khairani, A. Z. (2015). Assessing the content validity of ikbar using content validity ratio. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 9(7), 255-257. Dimuat turun daripada http://ajbasweb.com/old/ajbas/2015/April/255-257.pdf
Mazlini Adnan, Marzita Puteh, Nor’ain Mohd Tajuddin, Siti Mistima Maat & Hoe, N. C. (2018). Integrating STEM education through project-based inquiry learning (pil) in topic space among year one pupils. The Turkish Online Journal of Design, Art and Communication (TOJDAC), 296(1). https://doi.org/ 10.1088/1757-899X/296/1/012020
Miller, L. A., Lovler, R. L., & McIntire, S. A. (2013). Foundations of psychological testing: a practical approach (4th ed.). California: SAGE Publications Inc.
Mills, R., Gagne, R. M., & Gagne, R. M. (2012). Encyclopedia of the sciences of learning. In encyclopedia of the sciences of learning. Doi 10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-
Miller, J. L., Wentzel, M. T., Clark, J. H., & Hurst, G. A. (2019). Green machine: A card game introducing students to systems thinking in green chemistry bystrategizing the creation of a recycling plant. Journal of Chemical Education, 96(12), 3006-3013. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00278
Mistry, N., Fitzpatrick, C., & Gorman, S. (2016). Design your own workup: A guided-inquiry experiment for introductory organic laboratory courses. Journal of Chemical Education, 93(6), 1091-1095. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.5b00691
Moeed, A. (2013). Science investigation that best supports student learning: Teachers' understanding of science investigation. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 8(4), 537-559. https://doi.org/ 10.12973/ijese.2013.218a
Mohammad Taufiq Abdul Ghani & Wan Ab Aziz Wan Daud. (2018). Adaptation of ADDIE instructional model in developing educational website for language learning. Global Journal Al-Thaqafah, 8(2), 7-16. Dimuat turun daripada http://www.gjat.my/gjat122018/GJAT122018-1.pdf
Mohd Majid Konting. (2005). Kaedah penyelidikan pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa & Pustaka
Mostowfi, S., Mamaghani, N. K., & Khorramar, M. (2016). Designing playful learning by using educational board game for children in the age range of 7-12: (A case study: Recycling and waste separation education board game). International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(12), 5453-5476. Dimuat turun daripada pangkalan data ERIC. (EJ1115686).
Moustakas, L. (2020). Design of an educational course in higher education for teaching the design and creation of educational games. International Journal of Innovation and Research in Educational Sciences, 7(3), 2349-5219. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s41239-017-0062-1
Muhammad Shakir Saad, Sabariah Sharif & Mariappan, M. (2018). Pembangunan modul robot permainan topik respirasi sel menggunakan model addie. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains dan Matematik Malaysia, 8(1), 55-73. https://doi.org/ 10.37134/jpsmm.vol8.1.5.2018
Muhd Ibrahim Muhamad Damanhuri., Treagust, D. F., Won, M., & Chandrasegaran, A. L. (2016). High school students' understanding of acid-base concepts: An ongoing challenge for teachers. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(1), 9-27. https://doi.org/ 10.12973/ijese.2015.284a
Muhd Nazrul Hisham Zainal Alam. (2020). Arduino for chemical engineering students via game-based learning. ASEAN Journal of Engineering Education, 4(1), 19-30.
Nazirah Mat Sin, Othman Talib & Tengku Putri Norishah. (2013). Merging of game principles and learning strategy using apps for science subjects to enhance student interest and understanding. Sains Humanika 63(2), 7-12. https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v63n2.144
Niu, R., Jiang, L., & Deng, Y. (2018). Effect of proficiency pairing on L2 learners’ language learning and scaffolding in collaborative writing. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 27(3), 187-195. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s40299-018-0377-2
Noor Dayana Abd Halim, Mohamad Bilal Ali & Juhazreen Junaidi. (2011). Reka bentuk laman web berasaskan kaedah inkuiri penemuan bagi tajuk asid dan bes tingkatan empat. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan Malaysia, 2010, 5–15. https://doi.org/ 10.37134/jsml.vol9.1.1.2021
Noorarnie, A. M., Supardi, K. I., Sumarni, W., & Karnawan, K. (2019). Analisis kesalahan siswa dalam mengerjakan soal stoikiometri melalui langkah polya. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Kimia, 13(2), 2414-2424. Dimuat turun daripada https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/JIPK/article/view/18147
Norfaridatul Akmar Hasim, Mohd Mustamam Abd Karim & Nurulhuda Abd Rahman. (2020). Aids in physics : Design and development. Momentum: Physics Education Journal, 4(2), 57–63. https://doi.org/ 10.21067/mpej.v4i2.4432
Nor Hasniza Ibrahim, Johari Surif, Hui, K. P., & Safiah Yaakub. (2014). “ Typical ” teaching method applied in chemistry experiment. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116(2005), 4946–4954. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1054
Norlailatulakma Bolhassan & Hafsah Taha. (2017). T GT for chemistry learning to enhance students ’ achievement and critical thinking skills. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 1847, No. 1, p. 050002). AIP Publishing LLC.
Nurul Dayana Mohd Dazid & Maizatul Hayati Mohd Yatim. (2020). Keberkesanan pengaplikasian pemikiran komputasional dalam pembelajaran berasaskan permainan (pbp) bagi topik operasi asas darab tahun tiga. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counselling (IJEPC), 5(35), 125-141.
Nyachwaya, J.M., Warfa, A.M., Roehrig, G.H. & Schneiderd, J.L. (2014). College chemistry students’ use of memorized algorithms in chemical reactions. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 15, 81—93.
Ouyang, J. R., & Stanley, N. (2014). Theories and research in educational technology and distance learning instruction through Blackboard. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 2(2), 161-172. https://doi.org/ 10.13189/ujer.2014.020208
Paivio, A. (1986). Psychological processes in the comprehension of metaphor. Metophor and Thought, 163.
Palaniappan, A. K. (2007). Creative Perception and Academic Achievement: Implications for education in Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Inreach Edition.
Palaniappan, A. K. (2007b). Cultural Influences on Creativity and Academic Achievement. Kuala Lumpur: Inreach Edition
Pallant, J. (2001). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows version 10. Buckingham: Open University Press.
Pallant, J., (2010). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using the SPSS program (4th ed.). McGraw Hill, New York.
Pals, F. F., Tolboom, J. L., Suhre, C. J., & van Geert, P. L. (2018). Memorisation methods in science education: tactics to improve the teaching and learning practice. International Journal of Science Education, 40(2), 227-241. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/09500693.2017.1407885
Parchmann, I., Broman, K., Busker, M., & Rudnik, J. (2015). Context-based teaching and learning on school and university level. Chemistry Education: Best Practices, Opportunities and Trends, 259–278. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/9783527679300.ch10
Pernaa, J., & Aksela, M. (2009). Chemistry teachers’ and students’ perceptions of practical work through different ict learning environments. Problems of Education in The 21st Century, 16, 80-88. Dimuat turun daripada http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1396707455.pdf
Pho, A., & Dinscore, A. (2015). Game-Based Learning Overview and Definition. Tips and Trends Instructional Technologies Commitee, Spring 2015, 1–5. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/978-1-4614-3185-5_3
Pho, A., & Dinscore, A. (2015). Game-based learning. Tips and Trends. Dimuat turun daripada https://acrl.ala.org/IS/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/spring2015.pdf
Piaget, J. (1936). La naissance de /'intelligence chez I'enfant [ The origins of intelligence in children]. Neuchatel, Switzerland: Delachaux et Niestle.
Pippins, T., Anderson, C. M., Poindexter, E. F., Sultemeier, S. W., & Schultz, L. D. (2011). Element cycles: An environmental chemistry board game. Journal of Chemical Education, 88(8), 1112-1115. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/ed100576a
Plass, J. L., Homer, B. D., & Kinzer, C. K. (2015). Foundations of game-based learning. Educational Psychologist, 50(4), 258–283. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00461520.2015.1122533
Polancos, D. T. (2011). Effects of vee diagram and concept mapping on the effects of vee diagram and concept mapping on the achievement of students in chemistry. Liceo Journal of Higher Education Research, 7(1), 17–38. https://doi.org/ 10.7828/ljher.v7i1.17
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2006). The content validity index: Are you sure you know what’s being reported? Critique and recommendations. Research in Nursing & Health, 29, 489-497. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/nur.20147
Prensky, M. (2001). Digital game-based learning. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Qian, M., & Clark, K. R. (2016). Game-based Learning and 21st century skills: A review of recent research. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 50–58. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.023
Rahimah Wahid. (2019). Kaedah gamifikasi sebagai alternatif pengajaran dan pembelajaran dalam kursus berkaitan alam sekitar. Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 12(2), 50–53.
Ralph, V. R., & Lewis, S. E. (2018). Chemistry topics posing incommensurate difficulty to students with low math aptitude scores. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 19(3), 867-884. https://doi.org/ 10.1039/C8RP00115D
Rastegarpour, H., & Marashi, P. (2012). Social and the effect of card games and computer games on learning of chemistry concepts. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 31 (2012) 597-601. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.12.111
Rautrao, S. (2012). Significance of audio-visual aids in teaching English. Indian Streams Research Journal, 2(9). 2-7. https://doi.org/ 10.9780/223078750
Rodríguez, R., Blázquez, M., López, B., Castro, M., San Cristobal, E., & Martín, S. (2014r). Educational games for improving the teaching-learning process of a CLIL subject: Physics and chemistry in secondary education. In 2014 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE) Proceedings (pp. 1-8). IEEE.
Rohani Arbaa, Hazri Jamil & Mohammad Zohir Ahmad. (2017). Model bersepadu penerapan kemahiran abad ke-21 dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 42(1), 1-11. Dimuat turun daripada http://ejournal.ukm.my/jpend/issue/view/981
Roslina Ibrahim, Samsudin Wahab, Rasimah Che Mohd Yusoff, Khalili Khalil & Azizah Jaafar. (2011). Student perceptions of educational games in higher education: An empirical study. Issues in Information Systems, XII (1), 120-133.
Rossett, A. (1987). Training needs assessment. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.
Rubio, D. M., Berg-Weger, M., Tebb, S. S., Lee, E. S., & Rauch, S. (2003). Objectifying content validity: Conducting a content validity study in social work research. Social Work Research, 27(2), 94-104. https://doi.org/ 10.1093/swr/27.2.94
Ruhizan Mohammad Yasin, Latifah Amin & Hin, K. K. (2018). Development of the malaysian biotechnology-stem (mbs) module for interdisciplinary stem teaching and learning. Biotechnology-STEM Module for Interdisciplinary STEM Teaching and Learning Development, 131-150.
Russell, J. D. (1974). Modular instruction: a guide to the design, selection, utilization and evaluation of modular materials. Dimuat turun daripada pangkalan data ERIC. (ED089343).
Rusell, J. D. (1974). Modular instruction: A guide to the design, selection, utilization and evaluation of modular materials. United States: Publishing Company.
Russell, L. B. (1999). Modelling for cost‐effectiveness analysis. Statistics in Medicine, 18(23), 3235-3244. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19991215)18:23<3235::AID-SIM313>3.0.CO;2-6
Saadiah Salinatul Saat. (2016). Keberkesanan kad permainan untuk mengenalpasti radas makmal dalam kalangan murid tingkatan satu. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Sa’adiah Mohamad, Norhazlinda Idris & Azrini Idris. (2020). Pembangunan aplikasi mobil pengajaran dan pembelajaran: Measurement fun and easy. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 2(3), 108-116.
Saeed, S., & Zyngier, D. (2012). How motivation influences student engagement: A qualitative case study. Journal of Education and Learning, 1(2), 252–267. https://doi.org/ 10.5539/jel.v1n2p252
Sanchez, E. (2019). Game-based learning. In Encyclopedia of Education and Information Technologies (pp. 1–9). https://doi.org/ 10.1007/978-3-319-60013-0_39-1
Sanchez, J. M. P. (2018). Translational skills of students in chemistry. Science Education International, 29(4), 214–219.
Santos, A. (2019). Board games as part of effective game-based learning strategies. Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019, 1-19. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/978-3-319-17727-4_142-1
Sardone, N. B., & Devlin-Scherer, R. (2016). Let the (board) games begin: Creative ways to enhance teaching and learning. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 89(6), 215-222. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00098655.2016.1214473
Sarimah Ismail & Abreza Atan. (2011). Aplikasi kaedah penyelesaian masalah dalam pengajaran mata pelajaran teknikal dan vokasional di fakulti pendidikan utm. Journal of Educational Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 113–144.
Schnotz, W., & Bannert, M. (2003). Construction and interference in learning from multiple representation. Learning and instruction, 13(2), 141-156. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S0959-4752(02)00017-8
Schnotz, W. (2017). Integrated model of text and picture comprehension. The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning, 49, 69. Https://doi.org/ 10.1017/CB09781139547369.006
Semmler, L., & Pietzner, V. (2017). Creativity in chemistry class and in general–German student teachers’ views. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 18(2), 310-328. https://doi.org/ 10.1039/C6RP00230G
Seufert, T. (2019). Training for coherence formation when learning from text and picture and the interplay with learners’ prior knowledge. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 193. https://doi.org/ 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00193
Shabiralyani, G., Hasan, K. S., Hamad, N., & Iqbal, N. (2015). Impact of visual aids in enhancing the learning process case research: District dera ghazi khan. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(19), 226–234.
Shadreck, M., & Ochonogor, C. E. (2018). Recurrent difficulties : Stoichiometry problem-solving recurrent difficulties: Stoichiometry problem-solving. African Journal of Educational Studies in Mathematics and Sciences, 14 (January 2018).
Sharifah Nadiyah Razali, & Faaizah Shahbodin. (2015). The development of online project based collaborative learning using addie model. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 1803–1812. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.392
Shariful Hafizi Md Hanafiah & Kamarul Shukri bin Mat Teh. (2019). FrogPlay as gamification tool in motivating and engaging school students: An analyses review. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 8(2), 168–175. https://doi.org/ 10.6007/IJARPED/v8-i2/5692
Shen, Q. (2016). Blended learning activities in a chemistry experiment. Word Transaction on Engineering and Technologi Education, 14(1), 70-76.
Sidek Mohd Noah & Jamaludin Ahmad. (2005). Pembinaan modul: Bagaimana membina modul latihan dan modul akademik. Serdang: Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Silva, D. D. M., & Ribeiro, C. M. R. (2017). Analogue three-dimensional memory game for teaching reflection, symmetry and chirality to high school students. Journal of Chemical Education, 94(9), 1272–1275. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.7b00219
Singh, S., & Yaduvanshi, S. (2015). Constructivism in science classroom: Why and how. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(3), 1-5. Dimuat turun daripada http://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0315/ijsrp-p3978.pdf
Sirhan, G. (2007). Learning difficulties in chemistry: An overview. Dimuat turun daripada http://dspace.alquds.edu/handle/20.500.12213/742
Siti Asmah Kemat & Nordin Aziz (2011). Penyelesaian masalah algoritma dan hubungannya dengan pemahaman konsep bagi tajuk stoikiometri (Tesis Doktor Falsafah). Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Siti Hendon Sheikh Abdullah. (2020). Transforming science teaching environment for the 21st century primary school pupils. Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Technology, 4(4), 68–76.
Siti Rahayah Ariffin. (2003). Teori, konsep & amalan dalam pengukuran dan penilaian. Bangi: Pusat Pembangunan Akademik UKM.
Siti Nabila Khalid, Muzirah Musa, Fainida Rahmat, Nurul Akmal Mohamed & Nor Azian Aini Mat. (2019). Pembangunan dan penilaian modul pengajaran stem dalam bidang statistik dan kebarangkalian dalam kssm matematik tingkatan dua. Journal of Quality Measurement and Analysis, 15(2), 25-34. Dimuat turun daripada http://www.ukm.my/jqma/current.html
Slavin, R. E. (1994). Quality, appropriateness, incentive, and time: A model of instructional effectiveness. International Journal of Educational Research, 21(2), 141-157. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/0883-0355(94)90029-9
Šljivović, M. M. (2017). Board game-based learning hembizika. lumat-b: International Journal on Math, Science and Technology Education, 2(4), 55-60. Dimuat turun daripada https://journals.helsinki.fi/lumatb/article/view/1159
Srisawasdi, N., & Panjaburee, P. (2019). Implementation of game-transformed inquiry-based learning to promote the understanding of and motivation to learn chemistry. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 28(2), 152–164. https://doi.org/ /10.1007/s10956-018-9754-0
Steg, L., A. E. van den Berg, and J. I. De Groot, editors. 2012. Environmental psychology: An introduction. John Wiley & Sons.
Stiller, K. D., & Schworm, S. (2019, March). Game-based learning of the structure and functioning of body cells in a foreign language: effects on motivation, cognitive load, and performance. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 4, p. 18). Frontiers.
Stojanovska, M. (2020). Celebrating the international year of periodic table with chemistry educational games and puzzles. Chemistry Teacher International, 1(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/ 10.1515/cti-2019-0012
Stojanovska, M., & Velevska, B. (2018). Chemistry games in the classroom: A pilot study. Journal of Research in Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, 1(2), 113-142. Dimuat turun daripada https://jrsmte.com//wp-content/uploads/2018/07/JRSMTE-V1-2-1_STOJANOVSKA_PUB.pdf
Sufen Chen, Siti Jamiatul Husnaini & Jing-Ju Chen (2020). Effects of games on students’ emotions of learning science and achievement in chemistry, International Journal of Science Education, 42:13, 2224-2245, https://doi.org/ 10.1080/09500693.2020.1817607
Sweller, J. (2011). Cognitive load theory. In The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 55). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/B978-0-12-387691-1.00002-8
Sweller, J. (2011). Cognitive load theory. In Psychology of learning and motivation (Vol. 55, pp. 37-76). Academic Press.
Taber, K. S. (2020). Conceptual confusion in the chemistry curriculum : exemplifying the problematic nature of representing chemical concepts as target knowledge. Foundations of Chemistry, 22(2), 309–334. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s10698-019-09346-3
Tam, M. (2000). Constructivism, instructional design, and technology: Implications for transforming distance learning. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 3(2), 50-60.
Tarhan, L., & Acar-sesen, B. (2013). Problem based learning in acids and bases: Learning achievements and students ’ beliefs. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 12(5), 565–578.
Tarhan, L., & Sesen, B. A. (2010). Investigation the effectiveness of laboratory works related to “ acids and bases ” on learning achievements and attitudes toward. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 2631–2636. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.385
Taspinar, B., Schmidt, W., & Schuhbauer, H. (2016). Gamification in education: A board game approach to knowledge acquisition. Procedia Computer Science, 99, 101-116. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.procs.2016.09.104
Tekes, H., & Gonen, S. (2012). Influence of v-diagrams on 10th grade Turkish students' achievement in the subject of mechanical waves. Science Education International, 23(3), 268-285. Dimuat turun daripada pangkalan data ERIC. (EJ997359).
Thibaut, L., Ceuppens, S., De Loof, H., De Meester, J., Goovaerts, L., Struyf, A., ... & Depaepe, F. (2018). Integrated STEM education: A systematic review of instructional practices in secondary education. European Journal of STEM Education, 3(1), 2. https://doi.org/ 10.20897/ejsteme/85525
Trajkovik, V., Malinovski, T., Vasileva-Stojanovska, T., & Vasileva, M. (2018). Traditional games in elementary school: Relationships of student’s personality traits, motivation and experience with learning outcomes. PloS one, 13(8), e0202172. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal. pone.0202172
Treagust, D., Chittleborough, G., & Mamiala, T. (2003). The role of submicroscopic and symbolic representations in chemical explanations. International journal of science education, 25(11), 1353-1368. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/0950069032000070306
Triboni, E., & Weber, G. (2018). MOL: Developing a European-style board game to teach organic chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 95(5), 791-803. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.7b00408
Tsai, J. C., Chen, S. Y., Chang, C. Y., & Liu, S. Y. (2020). Element enterprise tycoon: Playing board games to learn chemistry in daily life. Education Sciences, 10(3), 48. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/educsci10030048
Tseng, S. S. (2019). Using concept mapping activities to enhance students ’ critical thinking skills at a high school in taiwan. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 1-8. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s40299-019-00474-0
Tuckman, B. W. (1988). Conducting Educational Research (3rd ed.). New York:
Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc.
Tuckman, B. W. (1999, August). A tripartite model of motivation for achievement: Attitude/drive/strategy. In annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Boston, MA.
Tuomisto, M. (2016). Educational games in chemistry education. LUMAT-B: International Journal on Math, Science and Technology Education, 1(3). Dimuat turun daripada https://lumat.fi/index.php/lumat-b/article/view/15
Usta, N. D., & Güntepe, E. T. (2017). Pre-service teachers ’ material development process based on the addie model: E-book design. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 5(12), 199–210. https://doi.org/ 10.11114/jets.v5i12.2820
Uzezi, J. G., & Jonah, K. J. (2017). Effectiveness of brain-based learning strategy on students’ academic achievement, attitude, motivation and knowledge retention in electrochemistry. Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 1-13. https://doi.org/ 10.9734/JESBS/2017/34266
Van Brederode, M. E., Zoon, S. A., & Meeter, M. (2020). Examining the effect of lab instructions on students' critical thinking during a chemical inquiry practical. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 21(4), 1173-1182. https://doi.org/ 10.1039/d0rp00020e
Van Eck, R. (2006). Digital game-based learning: It's not just the digital natives who are restless. EDUCAUSE review, 41(2), 16. Dimuat turun daripada pangkalan data ERIC. (EJ745816).
Vandercruysse, S., & Elen, J. (2017). Towards a game-based learning instructional design model focusing on integration. In Instructional Techniques to Facilitate Learning and Motivation of Serious Games (pp. 17-35). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/978-3-319-39298-1
Vygotsky, L. S. (1933). "Play and its Role in the Psychological Development of the Child" in Mind in Societ. Harvard University Press.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Vygotsky, L. S. (1987). The collected works of LS Vygotsky: The fundamentals of defectology (Vol. 2). Springer Science & Business Media.
Wammes, J. D., Meade, M. E., & Fernandes, M. A. (2016). The drawing effect: Evidence for reliable and robust memory benefits in free recall. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(9), 1752-1776. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/17470218.2015.1094494
Wangenheim, G. C. V., Medeiros, G. A. e. S. De, Filho, R. M., Petri, G., Pinheiro, F. D. C., Ferreira, M. N. F., & Hauck, J. C. R. (2019). Splash code - A board game for learning an understanding of algorithms in middle school. Informatics in Education, 18(2), 259-280. https://doi.org/ 10.15388/infedu.2019.12
White, G. (2013). Audience participation in theatre: Aesthetics of the invitation. Springer.
Wiggins, B. E. (2018). An overview and study on the use of games, simulations, and gamification in higher education. International Journal of Game-Based Learning, 6(1), 18-29. https://doi.org/ 10.4018/978-1-5225-5198-0.ch011
Woldeamanuel, M., Atagana, H., & Engida, T. (2014). What makes chemistry difficult? African Journal of Chemical Education, 4(2), 31-43.
Wong, W. S., & Kamisah Osman. (2018). Pembelajaran berasaskan permainan dalam pendidikan stem dan penguasaan kemahiran abad ke-21. Politeknik & Kolej Komuniti Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 3(1), 121-135.
Wood, J., & Donnelly-Hermosillo, D. F. (2019). Learning chemistry nomenclature: Comparing the use of an electronic game versus a study guide approach. Computers and Education, 141, 103615. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103615
Woolfolk, R. L. (2013). Experimental philosophy: A methodological critique. Metaphilosophy, 44(1-2), 79-87. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/meta.12016
Xian, J., & King, D. B. (2017). The effectiveness of general chemistry lab experiments on student exam performance. Journal of Laboratory Chemical Education, 5(5), 95–107. https://doi.org/ 10.5923/j.jlce.20170505.01
Yee, A. L. S., & Fah, L. Y. (2014). Sikap dan kebimbangan kimia dalam kalangan pelajar aliran sains: satu kaedah pemodelan persamaan struktural (SEM). Jurnal Pemikir Pendidikan, 5, 99-117. Dimuat turun daripada http://www.jpp.edu.my/index.php/journal/full/jpp5_6.pdf
Zhang, X. (2017). Acid–base poker: A card game introducing the concepts of acid and base at the college level. Journal of Chemical Education, 94(5), 606-609. https://doi.org/ 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00590