UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep)
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
This study aims to develop and validate a design thinking framework for using
pervasive games as a creative branding strategy on fitness among older adults in China.
A provisional framework called GISE-B was developed through a systematic literature
review to examine the relationship between game design and three domains of design
thinking, i.e. interactive design, service design and experience design. A bespoke
pervasive game titled Agoing was designed, developed and validated for use in this
study to examine the behavioural intention (BI) of older adults, specifically to engage
in fitness exercises. As an instance of the GISE-B framework of design thinking, the
game was tested by adapting the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology
(UTAUT) model. The adapted version of UTAUT was named as the UTAUT-LK model,
which consists of five independent variables: performance expectancy, effort
expectancy, facilitating condition, social influence and hedonic motivation. A singlegroup
pretest / posttest quasi-experiment was conducted with 378 participants using a
20-item questionnaire. Collected data were analysed using SPSS and AMOS, where
nonparametric statistics and structural equation model (SEM) were run to test five
hypotheses. After modifying the SEM, effort expectancy (EE, b = 0.410, p = 0.033),
social influence (SI, b = 0.500, p = 0.029), and hedonic motivation (HM, b = 0.539, p
< 0.001) significantly and positively affect behavioural intention, whilst the effect size
of the UTAUT-LK model exceeds 80% (R2 = 0.827). In conclusion, this demonstrates
that with good design, older adults’ behavioural intention toward pervasive games
enhances significantly. Furthermore, the researcher proposed the Seven Guiding
Principles of pervasive game design for older adult players. This study implies that a
pervasive game designed and developed using the GISE-B design thinking framework
can enhance older adults’ intention to play the game and help them with fitness. |
References |
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