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Type :thesis
Subject :LB Theory and practice of education
Main Author :Khusnidar Muhammad Daud
Title :Penerokaan Kemahiran Proses Sains Asas dan elemen STEM dalam kalangan kanak-kanak Prasekolah menerusi Pendekatan Projek
Place of Production :Tanjong Malim
Publisher :Pusat Penyelidikan Perkembangan Kanak-kanak Negara
Year of Publication :2022
Corporate Name :Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
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Abstract : Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
Kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk meneroka Kemahiran Proses Sains Asas (KPSA) dan elemen STEM dalam kalangan kanak-kanak Prasekolah menerusi Pendekatan Projek. Kajian ini dijalankan di Tadika di negeri Perak secara kualitatif menggunakan reka bentuk kajian pelbagai kes. Sampel kajian melibatkan 15 orang kanak-kanak, dua orang pendidik serta lima orang ibu bapa. Data kajian diperolehi daripada hasil triangulasi pelbagai sumber data iaitu pemerhatian, temubual separa berstruktur dan analisis dokumen yang dianalisis dengan kaedah analisis naratif dan kandungan berdasarkan kepada tema. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa kanak-kanak telah menguasai keseluruhan KPSA dan dua Kemahiran Proses Sains Bersepadu (KPSB). Aspek elemen STEM yang dikuasai pula adalah pelbagai pengetahuan sains, kemahiran saintifik dan spatial serta nilai. Semasa pelaksanaan, pendidik menghadapi beberapa cabaran di antaranya kekurangan dari segi alat untuk menjalankan sesuatu aktiviti, pengetahuan pedagogi pendidik dalam konteks pengajaran topik sains, aras pengetahuan kanak-kanak dan ibu bapa serta persepsi ibu bapa terhadap aktiviti penyiasatan. Dapatan kajian juga mendapati penggabungjalinan enam tunjang dalam KSPK telahpun wujud semasa proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Penglibatan ibu bapa pula berlaku melalui kerjasama yang sangat baik dengan pihak sekolah, terutama menerusi perkongsian kepakaran ilmu serta penyediaan alat untuk aktiviti penyiasatan. Di samping itu, kajian ini turut menghasilkan sebuah kerangka penghasilan projek bagi memudahkan pendidik dalam memahami urutan penghasilan sesebuah projek kanakkanak. Kesimpulannya, hasil kajian dapat digunakan sebagai panduan bagi semua pihak yang bertanggung jawab untuk memperkembangkan kemahiran kanak-kanak dalam pelbagai aspek sehingga menjadikan mereka generasi yang mampu bersaing dalam apa jua cabaran di masa hadapan. Implikasi dari kajian ialah kanak-kanak merupakan inisiator dalam menentukan arah pembelajaran mereka dan pendidik bertindak sebagai fasilitator sahaja. Menerusi Pendekatan Projek ini, pendidik diharapkan dapat menjalankan amalan pembelajaran mengikut inisiatif kanak-kanak untuk meningkatkan kebolehannya dalam berfikir dan memperolehi pengetahuan dan pengalaman baharu.

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