Before the Colonial era, agriculture was carried out to fulfill the need of peasant in small communities. Back then, peasant faced many sorts of problems to ensure the sufficiency of yields. British colonialism in Perak in 1874 had built the irrigation system which able to increase the quantity and quality of rice yield through the scheme introduced. The study was conducted using qualitative methods of analyzing the official document, annual record, proceeding and writing on British colonialism in Perak. The finding shows that Krian is one of the areas that has been the focus on irrigation system known as Krian Irrigation System. A large allocation has been spent to complete the construction of the system that is capable to increase the rice yield. Deforestation also undertaken for the construction of Sungai Manik Irrigation System, which eventually developed into a settlement. British administration left the impact on the history of the development of Perak Irrigation System and state.....

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This study aims to assess the mastery of students who study the historical subjects based on the economic title and study the ability of students to absorb the various entrepreneurial concepts. The concept of entrepreneurship can be achieved properly by students because the theme or the economic title is described in various aspects of its importance and also the weakness by the teacher who teaches the subject of history. Through the economic title that contained in the historical curriculum, various economic activities that have become historical materials are taught by historical teachers. The finding shows that there is a lack in the context of the ability of students to study the economic theme as most respondents only master the historical facts and use less of these facts to see the importance of learning the economic themes in historical learning. There are respondents who just state that with a business can generate wealth. However, respondents are less likely to say about raw .....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti dan menganalisis konsep Kama>lulla>h dalam kumpulan puisi Suhaimi Hj. Muhammad dengan berpandukan prinsip ketuhanan yang bersifat Kama>l dalam  teori Takmilah, serta hubungannya dengan Sifat 20 Allah SWT. Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada kumpulan  puisi Taman Takwa  melibatkan  79  judul puisi berkaitan ketuhanan. Analisis kajian menggunakan  kaedah kualitatif yang diimplimentasi  dengan  bukti-bukti  statistik  subjektif,  manakala  data   sekunder dikumpul menerusi kajian kepustakaan. Dapatan kajian membuktikan  konsep  dan sifat  Kama>lulla>h sama ada berbentuk ma‘a>ni> atau ma‘nawi> berjaya diterapkan oleh penyair. Daripada  504 frasa dan ungkapan Kama>lulla>h, 204 tergolong dalam sifat Qudrah, 94 sifat Ira>dah, 35 sifat  Kawnuhu sami>‘an, 30 sifat Sama„ dan 25 sifat Mukha>lafatuhu lil H{awa>dith. Dapatan juga  menunjukkan penyair menekankan pendekatan ma‘a>ni> berbanding ma‘nawi> dalam menyampaikan  .....

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Interaksi  antara  budaya  merupakan  satu  proses  pertemuan  satu  atau  lebih budaya asing ke atas masyarakat tempatan yang mewujudkan pola kehidupan yang beragam, diaspora dan  unik. Sebagai sebuah negara kepelbagaian etnik, interaksi antara budaya berlaku sepanjang proses  pembinaan negara bangsa Malaysia dengan menggunakan pelbagai cara iaitu asmilasi, integrasi,  amalgamasi dan akulturasi. Tujuan kajian ini dilaksanakan bagi mengenalpasti proses interaksi  antara budaya dalam kalangan masyarakat MTSK dan kesannya kepada cara hidup masyarakat di kawasan  tersebut. Kajian yang dijalankan menggunakan penyelidikan kualitatif merangkumi kaedah etnografi  iaitu kerja lapangan, temubual, kaji selidik dan perpustakaan. Kajian ini turut melibatkan dua  lapisan umur masyarakat di MTSK iaitu golongan remaja dan golongan dewasa. Penelitian interaksi  antara budaya telah melibatkan beberapa buah kampung yang didiami oleh etnik Melayu dan etnik Siam.  Antaranya kam.....

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The study aims to build, acquire content validity and reliability of the Motivation of Success to University Inventory (MSUI). MSUI built on the combination of Motivation of Success to University Counseling Model (MSUCM) formulated by Mohammad Aziz Shah1 (2010) and the approach of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). MSUCM said there are seven strategies that need to be met in the hierarchy in building successful motivation to university; 1) Trigger Self-Awareness (TSA), 2) Build Motivation to Learn (BML), 3) Developing Self Potential (DSP), 4) Setting Life Goals (SLG), 5) Time and Learning Management (TLM), 6) Mastering Study Skills (MSS) and 7) Avoiding Social Problems (ASP). However, CBT explain approaches, concepts, techniques, activities and items in MSUI relationship based on thinking and behavior that affect mood. MSUI contains 70 positive items (10 items for each sub scale) represented by seven sub scale of sub scale 1: Trigger Self-Awareness (TSA), sub scale 2: Build Motivation.....

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The research aims to construct, acquire the validity and reliability of Mental Health Inventory (MHI). The MHI's questionnaire aims to measure the level of Mental Health for the subscales of positive and negative thoughts, positive and negative feelings and positive and negative behaviors of individuals aged 13 to 19. The construction of MHI is based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy theoretical basis pioneered by Aeron Beck (1967). This inventory contains 60 items that measure 3 subscales. Subscale 1: Positive and negative thoughts, subscale 2: Positive and negative, subscale 3: Positive and negative behavior. Each subscale has 20 positive items and 10 negative items. In order to achieve the reliability, MHI was evaluated by eight expertise consisting of 4 academicians and 4 specialists in psychology, counseling and education. 146 students were chosen to be the respondents from schools in the state of Perak to achieve the reliability. The overall validity of MHI is acceptable which at 0.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan melihat kesan latihan imageri video modeling pelbagai kelajuan terhadap prestasi servis bola tampar dalam kalangan pemain-pemain bola tampar perempuan bawah 15 tahun di  daerah Klang. Kajian ini menyelidiki bagaimana tiga kelajuan imageri yang berbeza memberi kesan  terhadap dua teknik servis dalam permainan bola tampar iaitu servis bawah tangan dan servis atas  tangan. Seramai 45 orang pemain bola tampar telah dipilih dan diletakkan dalam salah satu daripada  tiga kumpulan imageri (gerak pantas, gerak sebenar dan gerak perlahan). Pemain melakukan penilaian  servis sebanyak dua kali (ujian pra dan ujian pasca). Instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian ini  ialah borang soal selidik imageri pergerakan (MIQ-R), video modeling, audio imageri serta borang  rekod percubaan servis. Dapatan kajian berdasarkan ujian t bersandar yang dijalankan telah  menunjukkan bahawa terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan antara ujian pra dan ujian pasca dalam  ketiga-tiga ku.....

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The research was carried out to identify the development the paddy planting in the district of Lower Perak during the colonial era in 1900 until 1957. The research was carried out by using qualitative methods by analyzing official colonial documents, annual report and writing on paddy cultivation in Perak. The Results showed that the District of Lower Perak had paddy cultivation area that had been developed during the British colonial era. The new settlement has also been developed due to the increase of paddy planting area and construction of the irrigation system  ..

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Various studies have investigated the potential of employing digital games in education to help students’ increase their learning achievement and their academic performance. Over the years, scholar have recognised how games could become a good learning tool that can improve learner’s performance and sustain their engagement in teaching and learning activities. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore whether mobile digital games, as a cybergogical tool, can be used to support Arabic language teaching and learning. This study is a quasi-experiment designed to determine the effectiveness of mobile digital games in supporting the learning of Arabic. This study 70 students who are taking the elementary Arabic language course in Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK), Malaysia. The participants were selected through random purposive sampling. The students were divided into two groups; experimental group and control group. After the intervention of mobile digital game, the achiev.....

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A good quality of educator is probably the most critical part of learning process. Considering this, the fresh graduates’ teacher must possess the competency in various areas to prepare with the challenges of the 21st century. The aim of this study is to determine the readiness level of Bachelor of Education (B. Ed) final year undergraduates to become educators. The self-assessment survey was designed in accordance with the Malaysian Teachers’ Standards, which explore the knowledge and skills on program learning outcome (PLO), moral values, information & communication technology (ICTs), language, soft skills, teaching & facilitation and assessment & evaluation (A&E). The respondents were the final year undergraduates in Sultan Idris Education University (UPSI), Malaysia in academic year of 2018. Results indicated that the final year undergraduates were ‘ready’ to become educators for 6 out 8 attributes, whereas they were still ‘approaching readiness’ for Language Skills and.....

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