This research studies the performance and efficiency of a solar hybrid gravity system integrated with battery energy storage. The study aims to optimize the design using a 50-Watt Solar PV, an 18Ah SLA Battery, and a Water Gravity Energy Storage Tank. Energy consumption was evaluated using the SLA Battery, Solar PV, and a 22-Watt Water Pump at various tank heights to measure efficiency improvements and battery lifespan extension. The methodology involved three procedures with five data loggers: a flow meter, a pyranometer, and three unit Watt Meter. Initially, a fully charged SLA Battery was tested at different tank heights (1.5m to 3.5m) every 15 minutes. Subsequently, the 50-Watt Solar PV was tested directly at a 3-meter height. Lastly, the Solar Hybrid Gravity System with Battery Energy Storage was monitored for seven days at a 3-meter height. Results indicated a 600% increase in battery performance at 80% Depth of Discharge (DOD), suggesting the battery's optimal use as a backup po.....

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Excessive concentration of Zn in the environment may lead to bad toxicological responses that can affect human health and create numerous challenges in the environment. Therefore, it is essential to develop a sensitive method such as selective chemosensors based on fluorescence properties, which does not require laborious work in order to detect Zn metal ion. A formylchromone-thiosemicarbazide with two chloro derivatives namely, DFCTSC was synthesised from reflux reaction of 6,8-dichloroformylchromone (DCFC) and thiosemicarbazide (TSC) in ethanol. The characterisation of the ligand structure was determined by using spectroscopic techniques such as Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Meanwhile, the fluorescence property of DFCTSC in the presence of Zn2+ ion was recorded using a fluorescence spectrophotometer. The result showed DFCTSC has a good fluorescence behaviour towards Zn2+ io.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti tahap pelaksanaan pengajaran integrasi teknologi digital dan tahap kualiti guru Pendidikan Islam sebagai mudarris di sekolah rendah daerah Lipis. Kajian ini juga turut mengkaji perbezaan tahap pelaksanaan pengajaran integrasi teknologi digital berdasarkan umur, lokasi sekolah, tahap pendidikan dan pengalaman mengajar serta hubungan antara tahap pelaksanaan pengajaran integrasi teknologi digital dan tahap kualiti guru Pendidikan Islam sebagai mudarris. Kajian kuantitatif ini berbentuk kajian tinjauan dan data diperoleh menggunakan instrumen soal selidik. Seramai 136 orang guru Pendidikan Islam daerah Lipis dipilih secara rawak. Data dianalisis menggunakan perisian SPSS versi 27 secara deskriptif dan inferensi untuk mendapatkan nilai kekerapan, peratus, min, sisihan piawai, ujiant, ANOVA dan korelasi. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan tahap pelaksanaan pengajaran integrasi teknologi digital guru Pendidikan Islam sekolah rendah daerah Lipis berada .....

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Kajian campuran dengan reka bentuk Urutan Penjelasan (Sequential Explanatory Design) ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti sikap guru Sekolah Dasar terhadap pendidikan inklusif di Aceh. Instrumen kajian adalah soal selidik penilaian sikap dan protokol temu bual. Seramai 399 guru terlibat dalam tinjauan, manakala 6 orang guru terlibat dalam temu bual. Data dianalisis menggunakan ujian t, kolerasi Pearson, ANOVA, MANOVA dan transkripsi temu bual. Secara keseluruhan, keputusan kajian mendapati bahawa guru menunjukkan sikap positif yang tinggi (M = 3.47, SP = 0.54) terhadap pendidikan inklusif. Tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan antara jantina [F dk(3,395) = 0.993, sig = 0.448 p> 0.05], umur [F dk(6,788) = 0.981, dengan sig = 0.281 p> 0.05], taraf pendidikan [F dk(6, 788) = 0.984, sig = 0.376 p> 0.05], dan tempoh mengajar [F dk(12,1037) = 0.956, sig = 0.121 p> 0.05] terhadap sikap guru, manakala terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan antara lokasi sekolah [F dk(6,788) = 0.862, de.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan membangun dan menilai keberkesanan modul GamyFlip-Pro terhadap pencapaian, motivasi, dan penglibatan dalam kalangan pelajar Sains Komputer bagi topik Analisis Masalah dan Reka bentuk Penyelesaian. Kajian ini terdiri daripada dua fasa, iaitu fasa pembangunan modul dan fasa penilaian keberkesanan modul. Reka bentuk kajian pembangunan digunakan dalam fasa pertama diikuti dengan reka bentuk eksperimen kuasi dalam fasa kedua. Pembangunan modul berkonsepkan flipped classroom dan ‘gamifikasi’ ini dibina berpandukan Model Pembinaan Modul Sidek dan Jamaludin (2005), Lima Langkah Mengaplikasi Elemen Gamifikasi dalam Pembelajaran, dan Model flipped classroom. Kesahan modul dinilai oleh sembilan orang pakar yang melibatkan dua instrumen, iaitu Soal Selidik Kesahan Kandungan Modul dan Soal selidik Kesesuaian Sesi dan Aktiviti Modul yang keduaduanya mempunyai indeks kesahan setinggi 0.84. Kajian rintis yang dijalankan menunjukkan kebolehpercayaan modul adalah tin.....

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The aim of this study is to evaluate vegetative characters for development of a workable vegetative field guide and to map Artocarpus in Perak Province. Morphological characters of Artocarpus were examined based on modified Hickey and Berg et al. methods, and then evaluated using numerical analysis. Thirty-nine morphological characters were evaluated using Multi-Variate Statistical Package (MVSP) and Phylogeny Analysis Using Parsimony (PAUP) showing that these characters are of taxonomic significance at genus, tribe and species level. Bole lenticel and bark colour prove to be of taxonomic significance at subgenus level whilst leaves shapes, leaves texture, latex, and venation can lead to species identification. A total of 14 species of Artocarpus were successfully collected (n>350) from specified regions within Perak Province. The distribution shows that Batang Padang, has the highest number of A. nitidus whilst southern part of Perak Province shows the most diverse of Artocarpus membe.....

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Evidence accumulated over many decades has clearly shown that Streptococcus mutans is a major agent in dental caries. S. mutans SpaP gene (Cell Surface Antigen) mediates the binding of these cariogenic bacteria to tooth surfaces. This study aimed to detect the presence of SpaP and vicR genes in non-biofilm-forming S. mutans isolated from dental plaques. In this study, 120 clinical samples were obtained from different dental clinics and hospitals in Baghdad. 26 bacterial isolates were identified as S. mutans by using selective media (Mitis-salivarius agar) and microscopic examination after gram staining then confirmed S. mutans by molecular detection using SpaP genes. Interestingly, all 26 isolates were non-biofilm forming after microtiter plate assay based on the crystal violet staining method, and negatively resulted in the detection of vicR gene which is responsible for biofilm formation. Ten antibiotics (doxycycline, ofloxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin, vancomycin, clindamycin, ri.....

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Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk membangunkan dan menilai keberkesanan kit pengaturcaraan berkonsepkan Internet of Things (IoT) melalui pendekatan pembelajaran Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM) terhadap kemahiran mengaplikasikan, menganalisis masalah, pencapaian dan sikap terhadap STEM dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran (PdP) topik penyelesaian masalah pengaturcaraan. Kit pengaturcaraan dibangunkan bagi menyelesaikan salah konsep pelajar dalam menganalisis masalah aras tinggi, mereka bentuk penyelesaian dan membangunkan algoritma. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan Kajian Reka bentuk dan Pembangunan (DDR) dengan berpaksikan teori konstruktivisme, Model Reka bentuk dan Pengajaran Isman dan model pembelajaran 5E. Eksperimen kuasi dilaksanakan bagi menilai keberkesanan kit pengaturcaraan terhadap kemahiran mengaplikasikan dan menganalisis masalah dalam kalangan pelajar. Seramai 192 pelajar, 32 pensyarah dan empat pakar dari kolej matrikulasi zon utara te.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai Pelaksanaan Kurikulum Keusahawanan di Kolej Komuniti berasaskan Model Konteks-Input-Proses-Produk (KIPP) dengan memberi fokus kepada aspek kepentingan kurikulum, objektif, struktur penyampaian, pentaksiran, isi kandungan, bahan PdP, kemudahan prasarana, proses PdP, kefahaman, motivasi dan kesediaan pelajar menjadi usahawan. Kaedah penyelidikan yang digunakan dalam kajian ini ialah pendekatan kuantitatif berbentuk tinjauan. Soal selidik telah digunakan untuk mendapatkan data persepsi pelajar daripada lapan buah Kolej Komuniti Kluster 1 mengenai pelaksanaan Kurikulum Keusahawanan. Seramai 416 orang pelajar telah terpilih sebagai responden kajian melalui persampelan rawak mudah. Data yang diperoleh kemudiannya dianalisis dengan menggunakan Analisis Faktor Pengesahan (Confirmatory Factor Analysis, CFA) dan Pemodelan Persamaan Berstruktur (Structural Equation Modeling, SEM) dengan menggunakan perisian IBM SPSS-AMOS versi 24.0. Dapatan kajian de.....

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The comparative study was conducted to investigate the systematics of six genera of Lamiaceae and two genera of Verbenaceae. Three aspects of the study, which were morphological, anatomical and phytochemical, were carried out to determine significant taxonomic characters. The data obtained were then used to construct taxonomic keys for genera and species involved. A total of 22 species were collected from several forest reserves in Malaysia. Samples were prepared for herbarium vouchers, anatomical study, and phytochemical procedures. Morphological characters were observed and recorded. Anatomical slides of leaf were prepared using standard microtechnique method, while phytochemical screening was conducted using Qualitative Phytochemical Screening and Thin Layer Chromatograph (TLC). All characters obtained were numerically analyzed using the Multivariate Statistical Package (MVSP) and Phylogeny Analysis Using Parsimony (PAUP). The findings showed that some characters have hi.....

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