This study aimed to develop an up-to-date canon for electric guitar for use in popular music education in Australia through research of relevant industry data. A prospective pedagogical canon of ten songs was derived and discussed with suggestions for further curricula content and exemplars proposed. Quantitative and qualitative methodologies were employed to analyse data collected from a variety of industry sources. Findings of the study revealed some enlightening cultural insights from the perspective of Australian music education. The development of electric guitar culture in Australia was shown to be driven by international influences with Australia following the lead from the United States and the United Kingdom rather than offering uniquely Australian input. These factors may have led to a potential stifling of a uniquely Australian electric guitar culture via the widespread use of pedagogical methodologies that have simply adopted international content rather than focussed on de.....

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Kajian ini dilakukan bagi melihat perkaitan di antara orientasi matlamat dan motif penglibatan atlet olahraga bawah 18 tahun, 15 tahun, dan 12 tahun di daerah Tambunan Sabah yang menyertai Kejohanan Olahraga MajIis Sukan Sekolah-Sekolah Gabungan Keningau Kali Ke-40 Tahun 2007 iaitu seramai 106 di mana 45 atlet 18 tahun ke bawah, 41 atlet 15 tahun ke bawah dan 20 lagi atlet 12 tahun ke bawah. Kajian ini menggunakan "Task and Ego Orientations Questionnaire (Duda & Whitehead, 1998)" yang terdiri dari orientasi tugasan dan ego serta "Participation Motivation Inventory (Gill, Gross & Huddleston, 1983)" yang mengandungi lapan factor motivasi iaitu pencapaian/status, suasana berpasukan, kecergasan, keseronokan, rakan-rakan, penggunaan tenaga perkembangan kemahiran dan faktor lain. Hasil analisis data mendapati wujud perhubungan yang signifikan antara orientasi matlamat tugasan dengan motif penglibatan faktor kecergasan (r =.19, p > 0.01) dan kemahiran (r =.29, p > 0.05). Bagi corak orientasi .....

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This study is intended to discover a methodology to lower the readability index of certain Malay literature texts, such as short stories and novels, used in Malaysian schools. A study was made on the methodology used to lower the readability index of Daniel Defoe’s . Oxford University Press lowered the readability index for , for three groups of readers, namely the university readers, and those of grades three and four. The methodology was adapted and used to lower the readability index of Usman Awang’s . This is a short story written by a well-known Malaysia’s literary figure, and his works are read by pupils in the secondary schools. The readability index of the short story was determined using Khadijah Rohani’s formula (1982). Subsequently, the readability index for the short story was lowered so that pupils from standard five in primary school can read it. It is hoped that, the methodology used in this study will be able to make a contribution in similar exercises to lower .....

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Artists have interpreted and explore the concept of colour, space and environment in variety of different forms of installations to represent various contexts: physically and visually, emotionally and psychologically. Liam Gillick’s and Daniel Buren’s works especially manipulate colour reflection through the use of coloured panels that arrange in repetitive geometric forms effectively transform the space into a glowing colour reflection environment. By exploring the concept of illusionary planes, Sol LeWitt’s installations manipulate viewers’ perception and the relationship between colour, space and architecture. Meanwhile, Olafur Eliasson is the artist that explores colours and its effect on space and surroundings within the context of perception and reality. The unique character of each installation has a strong role in influencing a physiological and psychological experience...

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This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the Emotional Competency Module developed specifically for adolescents in Malaysia to help address the huge delinquent behavior cases in Malaysia. Method: This module is one of the modules that was developed based on Daniel Goleman’s four emotion competency constructs. The module reliability instrument was developed based on the objectives of the activities in the module. A pilot test was conducted to measure the reliability of the module. After the pilot test, 19 participants were asked to answer the module reliability instrument and later on a Cronbach’s alpha value was analysed. Results: All the four domains and the overall module activities items showed very high reliability values. The reliability value showed that the module had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.968 to 0.826. The reliability value of the overall module was 0.985.  Implications: The findings of the study suggest that the module is effective for adolescents as each activ.....

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