This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable educational board game for teaching and learning enzyme topic in Biology Form 4. Prozyme board game was developed in accordance to the national curriculum standard for Biology Form 4. This study adopted quantitative research design. Students’ experience after using Prozyme board game was measured through survey. The data were presented as descriptive statistics. The developed Prozyme board game was validated by five experts. The study findings showed that the assessment on the validity of Prozyme board game had high percentages of agreement values. In addition, high reliability value was also recorded. The findings from the study suggested positive views on students’ learning experience using Prozyme board game. Furthermore, mean score values obtained from the pilot study were at high levels for all of the measured constructs. In conclusion, the use of Prozyme board game has added to the variability of instructional tools in teaching.....

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Eutrophication modifies lakes' ecological balances and threatens its viability. To date, eutrophication management strategies have been related to nutrient reduction in the lakes' water column. However, nutrient reduction strategies are complicated by the variations of the lake's water level, nutrient concentration, and eutrophication symptom, which are primarily known to be influenced by the local rainfall patterns. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the variability of water level, total phosphorus, and total chlorophyll-a concentrations in Slim River Lake during wet and dry seasons. In this study, water sampling and depth measurements were carried out from six sampling points for 1 year. Water samples were used to quantify total phosphorus and total chlorophyll-a. Our results showed that mean water levels in the studied lake ranged from 1.36 m to 5.46 m in the wet season and from 1.31 m to 5.41 m in the dry season, which implicated no significant difference (p N .05) between seas.....

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This study aimed to determine the response of cyanobacteria and macrophytes communities on selected nutrients in Slim River Lake ecosystem. The sampling was carried out twice a month at six sampling sites for 13 months for lake water and 12 months for stormwater runoff. Lake water level was measured monthly to develop a bathymetric map. Total phosphorus and total nitrogen concentration in lake water and stormwater runoff were analyzed using ascorbic acid and hydrazine reduction methods, respectively. Internal nutrients loading was calculated during five identified dry periods, while external nutrients loading was calculated at every storm event. Total chlorophyll-a of all phytoplankton taxa, cyanobacteria biomass, cyanobacteria biovolume, and total macrophyte abundance were also measured throughout the sampling period. The result indicated that Slim River Lake has a mean depth of 3.84 m. In-lake total phosphorus and total nitrogen concentrations were found to be significant.....

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