Music scores carry multiple strands of information, both simultaneous and sequential. A score is a set of instructions for the performance of specific tones, pitches and durations. In the music teachers studio, teachers and students take this information and "reverse engineer‟ appropriate gestures to re-create the composer‟s instructions using notation (Tormey p.2). Gestures may be explicitly present within the score - musical and visual. Through discourse with the score, student and teacher learn to become a conduit and contributor of musical ideas, through performance to an audience. In this article, two graphically notated, pipe organ works are considered from the perspective of the performer: Ligeti‟s „Volumina‟ (1961-2) and Harvey‟s „Eight Panels‟, (2007-9). Each work requires a different stance in preparation to make sense of the musical experience. The scores graphically show the gestures required to performatively re-animate each piece. This is a highly efficien.....

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Abstract: One of the often-overlooked competencies of a global teacher in the Philippines is language proficiency. The use of English as a medium of instruction in primary education occurs in Grade 4, succeeding the mother tongue-based instruction from K1-Grade 3. This research analyzed the impact of the language proficiency of the pre-service teachers to their teaching competence. The language proficiency is divided into two categories: linguistic performance and paralinguistic features. The former is the verbal skills in communication while the latter encompasses body language, facial expression, gestures, and voice. Pre-service teachers were observed and assessed during class facilitation. Most have received an ‘Average Proficiency’ rating in linguistic performance although pronunciation rating is the lowest due to phonological features that are influenced by first language. The assessment on voice projection and their pronunciation rating proved to have significant impact to th.....

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Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti pengaruh efikasi kendiri dan kepimpinan instruksional terhadap prestasi kerja dalam kalangan guru besar. Kajian yang berbentuk kuantitatif  deskriptif ini dilakukan secara tinjauan dengan menggunakan soal selidik yang diadaptasi daripada  instrumen The Principal Sense of Efficacy Scale, Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale  dan Personality Inventory. Seramai 178 orang guru besar telah dipilih secara rawak berstrata  mengikut kadar dari sekolah rendah zon tengah Sarawak yang terdiri dari daerah Kanowit, Kapit,  Song, Julau, Meradong, Sarikei, Sibu dan Selangau. Data dikumpul dan dianalisis menggunakan  statistik deskriptif dan inferens. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa efikasi kendiri berada pada  tahap tinggi (M=4.58, SD=0.29), kepimpinan instruksional (M=4.44, SD=0.32) dan prestasi kerja  (M=4.45, SD=0.36). Dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan bahawa hubungan sederhana antara efikasi kendiri  r(178)=0.594, P..

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This paper is a preliminary investigation and documentation of the historic pipe organs of Peninsula Malaysia. It aims to create sustainability and heritage/preservation, using appropriate international recognized documentation is needed. While all the known and extant pipe organs in various places in Malaysia will be documented with brief histories and specifications, older, historic instruments from former colonial eras receive a far greater focus. Pipe organs represent a significant part of Malaysia’s history and heritage, so the processes which are set out in this research project provide some pointers to retaining and continuing to vivify the instrument within the various communities charged with their preservation, care and maintenance. The proposed historical instruments for this study are Organ at Dewan Filarmonic Petronas, St Mary's Cathedral, Kuala Lumpur and St Andrew Church, Kuala Lumpur..

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