In the current research, Reggio Emilia, an alternative application model based on the problems experienced within the content of communication and cooperation in preschool education, was studied. In this purpose, the history, values and principles of Reggio Emilia, its curriculum, teacher-child, teacher-parent, child-child,  teacher-teacher communication and cooperation and a sample Reggio Emilia project were explained. In the quest of an alternative application model to provide necessary communication and cooperation and work with all factors comprising education in the sense of a team spirit, it is likely to say that Reggio Emilia is a striking approach.  Understanding the philosophy and process of communication and cooperation realized in Reggio Emilia approach would make teachers, parents and administrators attain a different point of view and in this way, would help form a strong and effective communication and cooperation between all the factors comprising preschool education...

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Peningkatan kes disiplin dalam kalangan murid sekolah semakin membimbangkan. Isu-isu yang melibatkan murid sekolah dalam pelbagai aktiviti negatif dilihat semakin sukar untuk dikawal dan dipulihkan. Oleh yang demikian, pendekatan intervensi kaunseling dilihat dapat menangani isu berkaitan salah laku murid di sekolah. Kajian terdahulu membuktikan, integrasi intervensi kaunseling dan beberapa terapi kaunseling dalam pendekatan yang dikenali sebagai ‘Brief Therapy’ iaitu Terapi Ringkas dilihat sebagai salah satu intervensi kaunseling yang berkesan. Oleh yang demikian pengkaji menyarankan kertas konsep pembangunan modul intervensi kaunseling perlu di laksanakan bagi menangani isu tingkahlaku langsang dalam kalangan murid sekolah menengah. Kertas konsep ini juga merujuk kepada strategi Wawancara Motivasi yang berteraskan kepada skala perubahan tingkahlaku atau lebih dikenali sebagai Model Perubahan dan Skala Perubahan Tingkahlaku (Transtheoritical Model and Stages og Change). MI juga me.....

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