AbstractIraqi corporations still perform below expectation and are yet to fully comply with corporate
social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) requirements. Past research on corporate governance
attributes (CGA) had shown positive effects on CSRD. Thus, this research aims to investigate
the effects of CGA, such as board of directors (BOD), audit committee (AC), and ownership
structure (OWSR) on the level of CSRD in Iraqi non-financial companies by focusing on the
moderating effect of earnings management (EM). CSRD in this study refers to disclosure in
environment, product and consumers, community, and human resource. Hypotheses are
developed using the multi-theoretical framework, including agency, stakeholder, and legitimacy
theories. Data were collected from annual reports of 38 non-financial companies listed on the
Iraq Stock Exchange (ISX) from 2016–2019. Panel data regression techniques were carried out,
namely fixed effects estimation, random effects estimation, and pooled ordi.....